262 BIRDS. 
H. rustica, Eni. 543,1. (The Chimney Swallow). Black above ; 
forehead, eyebrows, and throat, red, all the remaining under part 
white. The name is derived from its usual place of residence. 
H. riparia; Hirondelle de rivage; Enl. 453, 2. (The Sand 
Martin). Brown above, and on the breast; the throat, and under- 
neath, white. It lays in holes along the banks of rivers. That it 
becomes torpid during the winter, and even passes that season under 
water in the bottom of marshes, appears to be certain. 
Among the Swallows foreign to Europe, we should remark, 
Hir. esculenta, L. (The Salanganes). A very small species 
from the Archipelago of India, with a forked tail; brown above; be- 
neath, and the tip of the tail, whitish; celebrated for its nest, com- 
posed of a whitish gelatinous substance, arranged in layers, and con- 
structed with a particular species of fucus, with slender and whitish 
stalks, which it previously grinds and macerates. The renovating 
qualities attributed to these nests in China have rendered them an 
important article in the commerce of that country*. They are dress- 
ed like mushrooms. 
There are some swallows in foreign countries, in which the tail is 
nearly square}, and others where it is short, square, and the quills ter- 
minating in a pointf. 
CaprymuLeuss, Lin. 
The Goatsuckers have the same light, soft plumage, shaded with grey 
and brown, that characterizes the nocturnal birds. Their eyes are large; 
the bill with a commissure extending still higher up than that of the swal- 
low, and furnished with stiff mustachios, is capable of engulphing the 
largest insects, which are retained there by a glutinous saliva; the nos- 
trils, formed like small tubes, are at its base. Their wings are long; 
their feet short, with feathered tarsi, and their toes united at their base 
by a short membrane. The thumb itself is thus united to the internal 
toe, and can direct itself forwards; the middle nail is often dentated on its 
* Here come: Hir. americana, Wils. V, xxxviii, 1, 2, or rufa, Vieill. Am. 3;—an+ 
other, Hir. rufa, Enl. 724, 1;—Hir. fulva, Vieill. Am. 32;—Hir. fasciata, Enl. 724, 2; 
—RHir. violacea, En). 722, or H. purpurea, Wils. V, xxxix, 1, 2;—Hir. chalybeea, Enl. 
545, 2;—Hir. senegalensis, Enl. 810 ;—Hir. capensis, Enl. 723, 2;—Hir. indica, Lath. 
Syn. II, pl. lvi;—Aiir. panayana, Sonner, Voy. I, pl. lxxxvi;—AHir. subis, Edw. 120; 
—Hir. ambrosiaca, Briss. U1, pl. xiv. fig. 4; Hir. tapera, Ib., fig. 3;—Hir. nigra, Id., 
pl. xlvi, fig. 3;—Hir. daurica ;—Hirondelle @ front roux, Vaill. Afr. 245, 2;—Hir. de 
marais, Id. Ib. 246, 2;—Hir. huppée, Id. Ib. 247;— Cyps. senex. T. 397 ;—Hir. fucata, 
Tem. Col. 161, 1;—Hir. jugularis, Pr. Max., Col. ib. 2;—Hir. javaniea, Lath. Col. 
83, 2;—Hir. melanoleuca, Pr. Max., Col. 209, 2;—Hir. minuta, Pr. Max., Col. Ib. 1; 
— Hir. bicolor, Vieill. Am. 31, or H. viridis, Wils. V, xxxviii, 3. 
+ Hir. dominicensis, Enl. 545, 1;—Hir. torquata, Enl. 723, 1;—Hir. leucoptera, 
Enl. 546, 1;—Hir. francica, Enl. 544, 2;—Hir. borbonica;—H. americana ;—Hir. 
fauve, Vaill. Af. 246, 1. 
i zr. acuta, Enl. 544, 1;—Hir. pelasgia, En). 726, 1 and 2, and Wils. V, xxxix, 1; 
Splits a giganteus, Tem. Col. 364;— Hir. albicollis, Vieill., Galer. 120, or Cyps. col- 
laris, Pr. Max., Col. 195. 
§ Caprimuigus, Goatsucker, Azgothelas, names which derive their origin from the 
whimsical idea entertained by the vulgar, of their sucking goats, and even cows. 
N. B. M. Vigors and Horsfield make a genus (HicoreEEee) of the Caprimulgus 
Nove-Hollandie, Philip., Bot. B. 270. 
