GALLINACE. 321 
quently. The male hatches as well as the female. They nourish their 
young by disgorging macerated grain into their crop. ‘They form but one 
genus, which naturalists have attempted to divide into three subgenera, 
from the greater or less strength of the bill, and the proportions of the 
reef, ~ The 
Cotumesi-Gatiines, Vaill. 
Approximate more nearly than the other subgenera to the ordinary 
Gallinacee, by their more elevated tarsi and their | abit of living in flocks, 
seeking their food on the ground, and never perching. Their bill is 
thin and flexible. 
One species is even allied to the Gallinacee by the caruncles and 
naked portions of skin that distinguish its head; it is the Columba 
carunculata, Tem. pl. 11; Columbi-galline, Vaill. 278. 
A second is, at all events, connected with ther by its size, which 
about equals that of the Turkey; it is the Crowned Pigeon of the 
Archipelago of India; Goura, Tem.; Colombihocco, Vaill.; Col. 
coronata, Gm.; Sonn. 104; Enl. 118; Tem., Pigeons, pl. 1; 
Vieill. Galer. 197. Altogether of a slate-blue, with some chesnut 
and white on the wing; the head ornamented with a vertical tuft of 
long slender feathers. It is bred in the poultry yards at Java, &c., 
but does not propagate in Europe*. 
A third claims an alliance with them, from the long pendent fea- 
thers which ornament its neck, like that of the Cock. It is the 
Pigeon de Nincombar; Col. nincobarica, L.; Enl. 491; and is of 
the most brilliant golden-green, with a white tail. Found in several 
parts of Indiaf. The 
CoLuMBz, 
Or Common Pigeons, have shorter feet than the preceding birds, but the 
same thin and flexible bill. Four wild species are found in Europe. 
Col. palumbus, L.; Le Ramier, Enl. 316. (The Cushat). Is 
the largest, and inhabits the forests, preferring those with green 
trees. It is ash-coloured, more or less blue; breast of a vinous 
red, and is distinguished by white spots on the sides of the neck and 
on the wing. 
Col. enas, L.; Le Colombin; Frisch, 139. (The Stock Dove, 
or Lesser Cushat). A slate-grey, the breast vinous; sides of the 
* This large Crowned Pigeon constitutes the genus goura, or Lopuyrus of Vieill. 
Galer. pl. 197. 
+ Species placed in this genus which are net, perhaps, sufficiently determined: 
Columba cyanocephala, Enl. 174; Vaill. 281; Tem. 8;—Col. montana, Edw. 119; Tem. 
4;—Col. martinica, Enl. 141, 162; Vaill. 282; Tem. 5 and 6;—Col. erythrothoraz, 
Tem. 7;—Col. cruenia, Sonn. 20, 21; Tem. 8 and 9;—Col. jamaicensis, Tem. 10;— 
Col. talpacoti, Tem. 12;—Cvl. passerina, Enl. 243, 2, Catesby, 26;—Col. minuta, Enl. 
243, 1:—Col. hottentotta, Tem.; Vaill. 283;—Col. cobocola, and Col. griseola, Spix, 
LXXYV, 2(a). 
Kes (a) The C. passerina and squamosa form the genus CHAMEZPELIA of Swain- 
son; the C. cinerea, T., the genus PeristTeRA, and the C. migratoria, the genus 
EoropisTEs. 
VOL. I. DD 
