GRALLATORLE. 325 
Many Plovers have scutellated legs; they form a small division, most 
of its species having spines to their wings, or fleshy wattles on the head; 
some of them have both these characters *. 
VaANneELLus, Bechst. 
Trinea F, Lin. 
The Lapwings have the same kind of bill as the Plover, and are only 
distinguished from them by the presence of a thumb; but it is so small 
that it cannot reach the ground. 
In the first tribe, that of the Lapwrne-PLovers (SeuaTarota, Cuv.), 
it is even scarcely visible. Itis distinguished by the bill, which is inflated 
underneath, and its nasal fosse being short like that of an C&dicnemus. 
The feet are reticulated: all those of France have the tail striped with 
white and black, forming, as is asserted, but one species, whose great di- 
versity of plumage has occasioned its multiplication. It is always found 
with the Plovers. 
Tringa squatarola; Le Vanneau gris, Enl. 854. (The Grey 
Lapwing). Greyish above, whitish with greyish spots beneath, is 
the young bird before it has moulted. The Variegated Lapwing 
(Tringa varia), Enl. 923, white, spotted with greyish, blackish 
mantle dotted with white, comprises the two sexes in their winter 
plumage. The Vanneau suisse (Tringa helvetica, Enl. 853, Naum. 
Ed. I, 62, f. 117), black and white spots above, black beneath from 
the throat to the thighs, and is the male in his wedding livery. 
VANELLUS, Cuv. 
The true Lapwings have a rather more decidedly marked thumb, the 
tarsi scutellated, at least partially so, and the nasal fosse extending two- 
thirds the length of the bill. They are equally as industrious in the pur- 
suit of worms as the Plovers, procuring them in the same manner. 
The European species, J'ringa vanellus, L.; Enl. 240; Frisch, 
213; Naum. 14, f. 18, is a pretty bird, as large as a Pigeon, of a 
bronze-black, with a long and slender crest. It arrives in France in 
47, 1;—Char. Wilsonii, Wils. IX, Ixiii, 5.—Add, of closely allied species, although 
without collars, Ch. pecuarius, T. Col. 183;—Ch. nivifrons, Cuy.;—Char. ruficapil- 
lus, T. Col. 47, 2; Ch. monachus, Tem. ;—Ch. griseus, Lath. (a). 
* Species with unarmed, scutellated feet: Ch. coronatus, En]. 800;—Ch. melano- 
cephalus, Enl. 919; Savigny, Egypt., Ois., pl. vi, f. 4; of which Vieillot makes his 
genus PLuvranus, Gal. pl. xxiii—its bill is somewhat stouter than the others. 
Armed species: Char. spinosus, Enl. 801;—Ch. cayanus, Enl. 833. Species with 
wattles: Char. pileatus, Enl. 834;—Ch. bilobus, Enl. 880. 
The Char. cristatus, Edw. 47, appears to be the same as the spinosus. 
+ Tringa, or rather Trynga, the Greek name of a bird the size of a Thrush, 
which frequents the shores of rivers, and is constantly moving its tail, drist. It 
was Linnzus who applied it thus; but he placed many other birds in his genus 
Tringa, besides the Lapwings, the Sandpipers, (Calibris, Cuy.) especially. 
Ras (a) Add, Ch, semipalmatus, Wils. VIII, pl. lix, f. 3;—Ch. melodus, Wils. V, 
pl. xxvii, f. 3.—ENgG. Ep. 
