110 FISHES. 



The Indian Ocean and the coast of the United States produce some of 

 these fishes, whose first dorsal spines are prolonged into filaments*. 



Others taken at the Antilles are remarkable for the first interspinal of 

 their anal fin, which is hollow and terminates in a beak like a pen; the 

 point of the natatory bladder runs into this kind of funnel. They are 

 called Sardes a plumes f. 



A more remarkable peculiarity is that of a Cape Pagrus, whose 

 maxillaries are enlarged and as solid as stone. We call it Pagrus 

 lithognathus. 



Pagelus, Cuv. 



The Pagels have teeth very like those of the preceding genus; but the 

 molars, also in two rows, are smaller; the front conical ones are slender 

 and more numerous. A more elongated muzzle gives a very different 

 physiognomy to this genus. Several species are found in the European 

 seas. 



Pag. erythrinus; Sparus erythrinus, L. ; Bl. 274. A fine fish, 

 of a silver colour, with a pale rose gloss ; body high and compressed. 

 Pag. centrodontus ; Sp. centrodont., Laroche; the Rousseau of 

 the Marseillais; the Besugo of the Spaniards; Ann. Mus. XIII, 

 xxiii, 2. Silvery, glossed with rose ; a large, irregular black spot on 

 the shoulder J. 



Pag. aearne, Cuv., the Acarne, Rondel. 511; Sparus berda of 

 Risso, but not of Forskhal. Smaller and more oblong ; silvery, tinged 

 with greenish towards the back ; no bJack spot. 



Pag. bogaraveo; Sp.bogar., Gm. ; Rondel. 137. (TheBogueravel). 

 More oblong; muzzle more pointed; gilt tinged with violet; a black 

 spot on the axilla. 



Pag. mormyrus; Sp. mormyms, L. ; Rondel. 153; Geoff. Eg. 

 Poiss. pi. xviii, 3. Vertical black bands on a silver ground. 



In the second tribe there is but one genus, 



Dentex, Cuv. 



Characterized by conical teeth even on the sides of the jaws, generally in 

 one range, some of the anterior of which are drawn out into large hooks. 

 They would be rather closely allied to the genus Hsemulon were it not 

 that the indentation of the preoperculum is wanting, and that they have 

 one ray less in their branchiae The cheek is scaly. Two species are 

 found in the Mediterranean. 



D. vulgaris ; Sparus dentex, L. ; Dentale of the Italians, Bl. 2G8. 



Silvery, shaded with bluish, towards the back ; sometimes three feet 



in length §. 



* Sparus spinifer, Forsk. ; — Sp. argyrops, L., or Labrus versicolor, Mitch, 

 f Pagr. calamus and Pagr. penna, Cuv. 

 X It is the Sparus pagrus, BL, pi. 262. 



§ Add, D. macrocephalus, Cuv., or Labre macrocephale, Lacep. Ill, xxvi, 1 ; Sf, 



cynodon, Bl. 278; — Dentex hexodun, Quoy et Gaym. Voy. Freycin. 301. 



