192 FISHES. 



marked and frequently wanting; flesh fatter and white, resembling 

 that of an eel. The Umbla of the lake of Geneva is particularly 

 celebrated* (a). 



Osmerus, Artedi. 



The Smelts have two ranges of separated teeth in each palatine, but 

 only a few in front on the vomer; the general form is that of a trout, but 

 there are only eight rays in the branchia?. The body is without spots, 

 and the ventrals correspond with the anterior edge of the first dorsal. 

 Taken in the ocean and at the mouths of large rivers. 



0. eperlanus; Sal eperlanus, L., Bl. 28, 2. (The Smelt). The 

 only species known ; it is small, and ornamented with the most daz- 

 zling silvery and light-green tints; an excellent fish for eating. 



Mallotus, Cuv., 



With the cleft mouth of the preceding, have only teeth dense as the pile 

 on velvet, in the jaws, palate and tongue ; eight branchial rays ; the body 

 elongated and covered with small scales ; the first dorsals and ventrals pos- 

 terior to the middle; particularly distinguished by large round pectorals, 

 which almost meet beneath. 



But a single species is known, Salmo yrcenlandicus, Bl. 381 ; the 

 Capelan, Duhamel, Sect. I, pi. xxvi ; Clupea villosa, Gmel. A small 

 fish employed as a bait in the Cod fisheries. The flank of the male 

 during the spawning season is marked with a broad band, furnished 

 with long, narrow, and raised scales, resembling hairs. 



THYMALLUsf, Cuv. 



Have the structure of the jaw similar to the Trouts : the mouth, however, 

 is but slightly cleft, and the teeth are extremely fine; first dorsal long and 

 elevated ; it has larger scales, which also serve as a mark of distinction 

 from the Trout, which this fish resembles in habits and delicacy of fiesh. 



The stomach is a very thick sac ; seven or eight rays in the branchiae. 

 T. vulgaris; Salmo thymallus, L. ; Bl. 24. (The Grayling). 



First dorsal as high as the body, and twice as long as it is high, 



* Besides these Salmons and Trouts which are found in Europe, several others 

 have been described by American and Russian naturalists, but they have not been 

 sufficiently compared with the former, so that even Pallas expresses doubts with 

 respect to some of his species. We will endeavour to settle their synonymes in our 

 Icthyology, but the extent of the details requisite for that purpose prevents us from 

 attempting it here; we shall also in that work describe several species from North 

 America, some of which have been pointed out by Mitchill, Lesueur, Rafmesque, 

 Richardson, &c. 



f Artedi comprehended both the Hymalli and Coregoni in his genus Coregonus. 



gSgT (a) The Salmon rivers in Great Britain are, — in England, the Derwent, the 

 Hadder, the Conway, several streams in Devonshire and Wales, rivers in Northum- 

 berland, the Tyne, Coquet, and Till; in Scotland, the Tweed, Tay, Dee, Don, Spey, 

 Brora, Ewe, Helmsdale, Laxford; in Ireland, the Erne, Moy, Bann, Bush, Black- 

 water, Shannon. — Eng. Ed. 



