194 FISHES. 



chatel; higher than any o£ the preceding species, particularly at the 

 nape, and deeply coloured. 



C.sikus, Cuv.; Ascan., pi. xxx, under the name of Lavaret. 

 (The Sik) (a). From the rivers of Norway ; the snout is prominent 

 as in the maraena, but the body is narrower and browner*. 



Argentina, Lin. 



The Argentines have the mouth small and jaws without teeth, as in 

 Thymallus, but the mouth is depressed horizontally ; the tongue is armed, 

 like that of the Trouts, &c, with strong hooked teeth, and there is a 

 transverse range of small ones before the vomer. There are six rays in 

 the branchiae, and the intestines differ but slightly from those of the 

 Trout. 



A. sphyrcena, L., Cuv. ; Mem. du Mus. I, xi. The only species 

 known is from the Mediterranean ; its natatory bladder is extremely 

 thick, and singularly loaded with that silvery substance (nacre), which 

 is so remarkable in fish ; it is employed for colouring pearls. The 

 stomach is remarkable for its black colour -j~. 



Artedi and several of his successors have united all the Salmonides, 

 which have not more than four or five rays in the branchiae in the sub- 

 genus Chakacinus; but there is a sufficient difference in their figure, 

 and particularly in their teeth, to warrant a still greater subdivision. They 

 all, however, have the numerous caeca of the preceding Salmons, with the 

 bladder of the Cyprinidae, which is divided by a strangulation. The lin- 

 gual teeth of the Trout are always wanting. We subdivide them as 

 follows : — 



Cu RIM ATA, CUV., 



Which have the whole external form of Thymallus ; small mouth, the first 

 dorsal above the ventrals, &c. Some of them resemble certain Thymalli in 

 their teeth, which are only visible with the glass, and merely differ from 

 them in the number of their branchial rays $. 



* Add Saima silus, Ascan. XXIV; — Coregonus albus, Lesueur, Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 

 I, p. 35; — Cor. quadrilateralis, Richardson, Franklin's Voy., pi. xxv, f. 2; — Salmo 

 peled, Pall. 



f This fish, "which is most certainly the Argentina of Willoughby, 229, and, con- 

 sequently, that of Artedi and Linnaeus, always has a second adipose dorsal, as was 

 observed by Brumiieh, Icht. mass. 79; it should there!' -re have been placed among 

 the Salmons. The Argent, machnata, Porsk., is the Elops satirus; this is also, most 

 probably, the case with the Ardent. Carolina of Lin., although Catesby has omitted 

 the dorsal in the fig. cited, Car. II, xxiv. The Argentina of Gronovius is an An- 

 chovy, and that of Pennant a Seopelns, — Serpe of Risso. The Argent, glossudonta, 

 Forsk., is a particular genus, the Butirinus of Commerson. 



X Salmo edenturiis, Bl. 380; — C. u>iim<uu!alus, Bl. 381, 3; — S. t alliums, Valen. 

 App. Humb. Zool.Obs. II, p. 166; — S. carina, Cuv., Marcgr. \b6; — Ciuimate Gilbert, 

 Quoy et Gaym. Voy. de Freyc. Zool., pi. xlviii, f. 1; — and probably, S. cyprino'ides, 

 Gronov., Zooph., No. 378. They are the Pacu, Spix, XXXVIII and XXXIX. 

 His Anodus, XL and XLI, only differs in the mouth, which is rather more cleft. 



ggy (a) In England we call this fish the Sheik, or fresh-water Herring; it is 

 called Vengis in Scotland, and Pollan in Ireland. — Eng. Ed. 



