SUBBRACHIAN MALACOPTERYGIANS. 215 



to four hundred pounds. It is salted, dried, and sold in slices 

 throughout the whole of the North*. 



The Mediterranean produces several smaller species, some of which 

 have the eyes on the left; one of them is the 



P. macrolepidotus, Bl. 190; Citharas, Rondel. 314. Oblong; 

 lateral line straight; distinguished by the scales, which are larger in 

 proportion than in any other. 



Rhombus, Cuv. 



The Turbots have the teeth small and crowded, or like those of a card, 

 in the jaws and pharynx, as in Hippoglossus ; but the dorsal advances to- 

 wards the edge of the upper jaw, and extends, as well as the anal, close 

 to the caudal. The eyes of most of them are on the left side. 



In some the eyes are approximated, the interval being occupied by a 

 slightly salient crest. Such are the two following large species of the 

 coast of Europe, the most highly esteemed of the whole genus. 



PL maximus, L. ; Bl. 49. (The Turbot). The body rhomboidal 

 and almost as high as it is long, the brown side studded with small 

 tubercles. 



PL rhombus, L. ; Bl. 43 ; la Barbue ; the body more oval and 

 without tubercles; distinguished by the first rays of the dorsal, 

 which are half free, and split into thongs at the extremity. 



PL punctatus, Bl. 189; PL Itevis, Shaw; PL hirtus, Dan. Zool. 

 pi. 103; the Kitt of the English, Penn., pi. 41; Ray, Syn. pi. 1, 

 f. 1 ; Duham., Sect. IX, pi. v, f. 4. Much less common on the 

 coast of Europe; oval like the Barbue, but has no thongs to its rays; 

 scales rough ; teeth very small ; the cheek covered as if with fine 

 velvet; black spots and points on a brown ground "j~. 



PL cardina, Cuv.; Duham. Sect. IX, pi. vi, f. 5 ; and Ray, 170, 

 pi. 1, No. 2 J; La Cardine, or Calimande. (The Whiff). Per- 

 fectly joblong; its first rays free, but simple; teeth very short, small, 

 and dense as the pile on velvet; white and blackish spots, partly 

 laid on a brown ground. It is sometimes, though rarely, taken on 

 the coast of the British Channel. 



PL nudus, Risso; Arnoglossum, Rondel. 324. A Mediterranean 



* The PL limando'ides, Bl. 186, or Citharus asper, Rondel., 315, and the pinguis, 

 Faher, Isis, torn. XXI, p. 870, also appear to be northern Hippoglossi. Add, Pleur. 

 erumei, Bl. Schn., or Adalah, Russel, I, 69; — PL nalalca, Cuv., or Koree nalaka, 

 Russel, 77. 



f I have reason to believe that the PI. imimaculatus, Risso, Ed. II, f. 35, is merely 

 a sexual variety of the punctatus. 



\ These figures represent the eyes on the right, whereas they are on the left. 

 Bloch, by some strange aberration, thought that the Whiff of Ray and Pennant was 

 the lavis, but the lavis is the Kitt of those authors — a single glance at the Hist 

 plate of Ray, where they are both figured, will convince any one of the fact. Add, 

 PL triocellatus, Schn., Russ. 76; — PL maculosus, Cuv., Russ. 75; — Pl.aquosus, Mitch, 

 pi. ii, f. 3;— PL Boscii, Riss. Ed. I, pi. viii, f. 33;— PL arnmaco, Cuv., Marcgr. 181, 

 very different from the PL macrolepidotus, which is not from Brazil, but from the 

 Mediterranean, and with which Bloch has confounded it. 



