The Harmsworth Universal Atlas 



The World's Commodities.— 9. Cotton, Flax and Hemp. 



^ m-r 



COTTON HAKLlfAflTUfilNe 

 DISTRJCT5 OF THE 



UNITED KINGDOM 



COTTON. — The cotton shrubs yielding the cotton of commerce 

 belong to the genus Gossypium. There are several species — that 

 furnishing the bulk of the world's cotton being G. herhaceum. Long- 

 sta]>le cotton has a fibre up to 2 inches in length ; short-staple, from 

 two-thirds of an inch to i^ inches. The United States cotton belt, 

 producing two-thirds of the world's supply, extends from N. 

 Carolina to Mexico, The chief producing states, named in order of 

 importance, are — Texas, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, S. Carolina, 

 Arkansas, Louisiana, and N. Carolina. In these, and six contiguous 

 States, from 28 to 32 million acres are annually planted with cottoUj 

 producing from 10,000,000 to 13,000,000 bales. Cotton is grown in 

 all parts of India (total acreage nearly 20 milHon acres, producing 

 nearly 4 milHon bales), but owing to the unscientific methods of culti- 

 vation, Indian cotton is of poor quality and short of fibre. Kgypt 

 produces a very fine and high priced cotton, and although the crop is 

 only about | that of India ajid -/^ that of the United States, Egypt 

 furnishes English spinners with their second largest supply. The 

 Egyptian crop cannot be greatly increased, but there is a large area 

 in the Sudan suitable for cotton cultivation, Brazil produces nearly 

 600,000 bales annually, or 3 per cent, of the world's supply. 



COTTON MANUFACTURING.— The total value of cotton goods 

 entering international commerce exceeds £150,000,000 annually, of 

 which the Eastern people purchase two-fifths. More than half of 

 these exports are British. Cotton manufacture forms England's 



greatest industry, and is centred in Bolton (which contains about 

 one-third of the spindles), and a few other Lancashire towns. 

 £400,000,000 is embarked in the industry, the exports of which are 

 five times the value of the cottons produced for home consumption. 

 The value of the United States exports of raw cotton and cotton 

 goods is as 5 to i. The manufacturing industry is widely distributed 

 among both the North and South States ; the Fall River district, 

 Massacliusetts, having the most spindles. In Germany — the second 

 largest exporter of cotton goods — the Rhine Province and West- 

 phalia own most spindles, but Bavaria, Alsatia, Saxony, Wiirtemberg 

 and Baden also share largely in the industry. New Sources oj Cotton 

 Supply. — Britain, France and Germany are all engaged upon system- 

 atic experimental cotton growing in their respective colonies, in order 

 to be independent of the American crop. The British Cotton Growing 

 Association believes that, with improved transport, N. Nigeria, with 

 its area of over 200,000,000 acres and population of 10,000,000, will 

 develop into a cotton growing country, second in importance only to 

 America. Another 100,000,000 acres of cotton lands are available in 

 the rest of Brit. W, Africa. Plantations have been established in Brit. 

 S- and Cent. Africa, the W. Indies, Ceylon, the Sudan, Queensland, 

 Malta, Cyprus, Fiji, Honduras, and British Guiana. The French have 

 plantations in Senegal and Cochin China, and Gennany in Togo, 

 German East Africa, and Kamerun. Huge tracts of suitable cotton 

 lands are available in S. America, especially in Argentina and in Peru- 



NUMBER OF COTTON SPINDLES IN 

 VARIOUS COUNTRIES. 



MM 



SWITZErfLUP 

 1,711.300. '^;i:' SPAIN ^uSTIfr* 



^^.435,000 2,6l4.Wa 3,200^30 INDIA r n.^rr 



5.I9&432. 6,50.000. 



A'fjjii'' ■■ 



TOTAL ANNUAL PRODUCTION OF 



COTTON 



(in bales.) 



WORLD 

 120,642,000 



UNlTEDHINGOOMlf^lTEDSTflTES CEBHA^V RUSSIA 

 60,9e4,e?4, Z4.290J64. 8,e3Z.0l&. fl^^f^^ 



RELATIVE VALUE OF 



RAVtf COTTON IMPORTS 

 INTO THE 



UNITED KINGDOM. 



® 



OTHEfl aiMEB 



FOBEICH BfilTISH 



1614.650 l£2ie,339 



INDIA BRAZIL 



l9ee,zz4 Seo5.^9^ 



UNITED STATES 

 i3S,3l4,379, 



EGYPT 

 Ill,24&.4B7. 



EGYPT 

 e£9,000. 



BRAZIL 

 595.000 



UNITED STATES 

 13,557,000. 



'-■^ 



m^- 



INDIA 

 3.917,000 



THE PRINCIPAL CROPS OF FLAX & FLAX SEED.fLlNSEED.) 



FLAX iFiSRE.) 



24 OTlfER 



COUNTRIES 

 2,271,000. 



RUSSIA 

 IIh23I,000. 





r^ttvi^ 



tPELftND HOLUhD BELGIUM 



^°^S>9- ?00,000. I 60,600. 



h^"T?"RY ^""^'*^ "^^^E ITALY 



U2O3,000. ^^^'000. 468,000.400,000. 



LINSEED 



ARGENTINA 



g^ 



§ 



UMTED STATES RUS3IA ind|A au^tpii 



■ 4.562.000.. 12,967.000 . 10,966,000. 1,143,000 "'n'^.'^y 



BRITISH & FOREIGN EXPORTS OF 



COTTON MANUFACTURES 



i including Yarn.) 



SWITZERLAND JAPAN JTALY AU5TRIA-HUNGARJ 



le,44S,0OO. JL4.473,a00. £4,574,000- £f,94l.000. 



UNITED KtNGDOM GERMANY UNITED 5TATE5 FRANCE INDIA 



iei,&9£,000 £20,663,000 ill, 292,000. £10,562.000 £9,574,000. 



^3 



IMPORTS iNToUNlTEQHINGDOir 



OF 

 L FLAX 



2, FLAX TOW. 



3, LINSEFD 



4, LINSEED CAKE. 



HDLLilND 



S 574, 13 7. ^fl.ZOO.OQO 



ALLCOUNLHIES flUSblft AflGENlmA BELGIUM 

 iB,227,692.i?,83S,6l6.lL76|,75Z.ll,?6a3De. 



THE WORLD'S CHIEF CROPS OF KEMP. 



Henequcri Manilla, i, 216,000 



RUSSIA MEXICO PKILlPFIflES ^^^j-\^r, 



£.318.000. ^,667,000. 2,557,000. 1j£ g:[^ 



IMPORTS OF HEMP INTO THE UNITED KlNGDOM^ 



1905. 



RU55IA 



I TALI 





ALL COUNTRIES PHILIPPINES NEW ZEAUND ^ JJ^i^rIis 

 J?3,9I0.B59 ll, 626.625. £S7S,623 ^fi££^ 



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