180 



EXAMINATION OF A NAPHTHA FROM LIME-SOAP 



Trial-analy 



now made of 



al of these product 



from 



ch it ap 



peared that they were really hydro-carbons, though 



all more or less impure 



lysis of the body boilin 



81°-82° (uncorrected) may be cited 



The 

 pie of 



the results obtained at this stage : 0.2685 grm. of substance gave 0.8849 grm. carbonic 

 acid and 0.2203 grm. water; or carbon 89.87% and hydrogen 9.13%. 



These figures point at once towards the members of the benzole series, 



and in fact 



body in question 



benzole itself. Upon examination, it was found that 



the impure substance analyzed had the 



odor of benzole, and that after 



gitation with a little concentrated sulphuric acid, the odor was identical with that of 



pure benzole, while, on being immersed 



tallized readily 



in a mixture of 

 the same manner as benzole. This 



ice and salt, the liquid crys 

 result was particularly inter 



esting to us, since we had not anticipated that benzole or its homologues would be 



found among our products, 



ditions under which the lime-soap 



& 

 though a moment's reflection suggested that the con- 



the 



heated 



such as might g 



production of some of these highly carbonized bodies. Mor 



in pointing out 



the probable presence of its homologues, the benzole here went far toward accounting 



for several of our unknown bod 



This presumptio 



subsequently realized, the 



presence of each of the four members of the benzole series having been proved 



and 



may here be remarked that as the final 



of 



of our investigation it appeared that 



bodies, four were of the defiant series (C n HA being probably 



identical with those recently obtained by A. Wurtz * among the products of the 



of chloride of 



upon amylic-alcohol : that four others were members of another 



C n H n series, isomeric with the above, and identical with those previously obtained by 

 one of us, f from American petroleum, and that the remaining four belonged to that 

 series of hydrides specially studied by Schorlemmer % and by Warren, 

 bers boil at degrees the names of which end in " eight " or " nine." II 



hose mem 



In view of the impure 



of our products, as indicated by these preliminary 



alyses, and by the peculiar action upon sodium/ 1 * already alluded to, it was deemed 



* Bulletin de la Socicte Chimique de Paris, 1863, p. 300. 



t Warren, Memoirs of the American Academy IN. S.], IX. 167 



t Journal of the Chemical Society of London, 1862, XV. 419. * Memoirs of the American Academy [N. S.], IX. 

 II Isolated memhers of this series had previously been encountered by Greville Williams, Philosophical Transactions, 1857 

 CXLVII. 461 ; and Journal of the Chemical Society of London 1862 XV. 



130. 



** When a bit of metalhc sodium is thrown into the crude hydro-carbon oil it is at once acted upon, becoming bright and lustrous 

 while bubbles of gas are slowly evolved from the liquid so long as any of the metal remains. A flocculent, viscid, alkaline sedi- 

 ment at the same time separates out, which, on being collected and treated with water, behaves like a highly alkaline soap. 



The actmn of sodmm upon the isolated heaps composed of members of the Cn H„ series was similar in kind to its action 

 upon the crude oil, and quite unlike anything which we have noticed in studying bodies obtained from petroleum or any other 

 source. In the case of some of the C n Hn products in question, it was found to be necessary to boil them repeatedly with sodium 



