10 On the Ethnography and Archeology 
’ was sacked and desolatéd in the Indian insurrection of 1680.* 
Now had it not been for the occurrence of the heraldic paintings, 
this city might have been still regarded as of purely Indian origin 
and occupancy ; as might also the analogous ruins of Abo, Tagi- 
que and Chilili in the same vicinity ; for although these may have 
been originally constructed by the natives, yet as they are sup- 
‘posed to be near the ancient mines, it is not improbable that the 
conquerors in these, as in many other instances, drove out the 
rightful owners, and took possession for themselves ;} for that 
they did possess and inhabit the towns above enumerated is a fact 
beyond question. 
Why may not events of an analogous character have taker 
place at Panuco? - Was it not probably an Indian city to which 
the Spaniards had intruded themselves, and having left traces of 
their sojourn, as at La Gran Quivira, subsequently, owing to 
some dire catastrophe, or some new impulse, abandonded it for 
another and preferable location? ‘This, we suggest, is a teason-- 
able explanation of the presence of the Caucasian effigy found 
by Mr. Norman among the deserted ruins of Panuco. 
Mr. Stephens has, I think, conclusively proved that the past 
and present Indian races of Mexico were cognate tribes. I had 
previously arrived at the same conclusion from a different kind 
of evidence. What was manifest in the physical man is corrobo- 
rated by his archeological remains. The reiterated testimony 
of some of the early Spanish travellers, and especially of Bernal 
Diaz and Herrera, is of the utmost importance to this question ; 
and all that is necessary in the chain of evidence, is some link to 
connect the demi-civilized nations with the present uncultivated 
and barbarous tribes. These links have been supplied by Mr. 
Gregg. Those peculiar dwellings and other structures, with in- 
clined or parapet walls,t.and with or without windows, which 
are common to all epochs of Peruvian and Mexican architecture, 
are constructed and occupied by the Indians of Mexico even at 
the pceent day. After describing the sitet character of: these 
oe ee ; 
of the Prairies, I, p- 165. 
i bid Le, 
ware that the walls of +e ancient Maxieon and Peruvian edifices are 
often vertical ‘but where this is t case the pyramidal form is attained by piling, 
one on the ort Analisis uae mene each PE Ay from me other and 
leaving a parapet or platform at its bane. 
cis esl] 
