on the Geology of East Florida. 45 
yards from the shore, which is shaded by a live oak. Around, 
are large conch shells thrown into small heaps by Indians. A few 
acres are cleared in the vicinity, and a nursery of orange trees 
planted. The rest is pine forest with the usual undergrowth of 
palmetto. A short distance up the river there isa bed of Post- 
pliocene oyster shells, about eight feet above the level of high 
tide, and above these fossils a few live oaks grow. At the head 
of Old 'Tampa bay the shore rises abruptly in rounded hills, one 
of which is comparatively large, and they are all covered with 
live oaks and a profusion of vines. These hillocks are of the 
same geological character with those of Manatee, composed of 
shells with a sandy soil above them. On the shore I observed 
masses of accreted sand with oyster shells, and very perfect casts 
of the same, quite indurated. There is also a Post-pliocene bed 
of this species over the limestone at Ballast Point; and at Fort 
Brooke there is another deposit of shells of the same age, but con- 
sisting of estuary species, such as live in the entrance of Hills- 
borough river; the group is chiefly composed of Cyrena earoli- 
nensis, Ostrea virginiana, Ginathodon truncatus, F'usus corona, 
Natica duplicata, and. Neritina reclivata, (Theodoxus, Say.) A 
imestone, apparently identical with the rock at Ballast Point and 
Hillsborough Falls, occurs a few miles up Manatee river in the 
bed of a rivulet. It is silicious and hard in places ; sometimes 
friable and sandy. In it I have observed casts of bivalves, none 
of which seem to agree with recent species of North America. 
Of its range and extent I am ignorant, having seen it only in this 
Spot. It is near the shore of a creek, having a very narrow en- 
trance, but which widens above, and about one mile and a half 
up, Contracts again; then expands into a beautiful basin, with 
tables of rock bordering the shore. This rock is fragmentary, 
hard, and contains pebbles and limestone concretions, shells, corals 
and sharks’ teeth, and is much honey-combed by the water. I 
observed several specimens of an unknown Pecten imbedded in 
it Above this is a buff colored limestone without organic re- 
mains, about one foot thick. ‘This spot is the limit of tide water, 
and in the stream above, I found many specimens of Neretina 
reclivata of unusual size. Young alligators were sporting in the 
Water under the overhanging ledges of the rocks. 
» At Stony Point on the east coast of Tampa bay are some black, 
Wwater-worn bones of mammalia, and Capt. Powel found here a 
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