A410 Scientific Intelligence. 
chlorine and oxygen. This, because its compounds are also found in 
the garlic (Allium sativa), he has named allyle. The oil of mustard 
(Sinapis nigra) does not exist ready formed in the seeds, but is gener- 
ated when they are bruised and treated with water. A reaction between 
two bodies previously existing in the seed, gives origin to the oil. The 
transformation is analogous to that which occurs in similar cireumstan- 
ces in bitter almonds, and produces hydruret of benzoyle. 
The new radical allyle is C°H®, (or All,) and the oi/ of mustard All 
Cy S?. The essential oil of garlic, to which it owes its characteristic 
odor, is found to be a sulphuret of allyle, AJl S, and the oil of assa- 
fetida another sulphuret of the same radical. An oxyd of allyle has 
also been obtained. When oil of mustard is heated for some time to a 
temperature of 248° in contact with caustic soda and lime, the pungent 
odor of mustard entirely disappears, and we obtain in its stead a liquid 
which has a faint aromatic odor like that of leeks. This substance 
analysis shows to be oxyd of allyle All O. The soda is in part con- 
verted into sulpho-cyanid of sodium. The reaction is very simple, 
All Cy $?-4-Na O=All O+-Na Cy S2.. The oxyd of allyle appears 
to constitute the volatile oil of leeks, and also exists in the crude oil of 
garlic. It forms with gown of silver, a beautiful crystalline coer 
which is Ag O. All O--N O 
The essential oil of garlic, as ~~ mentioned, is a sulphuret of allyle, 
but in its crude state contains also the oxyd of allyle. It is easily formed 
from the oil of mustard. When we distill with a gentle-heat a mixture 
of this with proto-sulphuret of potassium we obtain an oil which possesses 
none of the properties of the original, but evolves a powerful odor of 
garlic and is pure sulphuret of allyle. The reaction is similar to that 
affording the oxyd, All CyS?4-KS=AllIS+K Cy S?. The oil of 
garlic forms interesting double salts with chlorid of mercury and bi- 
chlorid of platinum. With a solution of the bichlorid of platinum, an 
alcoholic solution of the oil forms an orange-yellow crystalline precip!- 
tate, which is (Pt Cl?, All Cl)+-3(PtS?, All S$). Sulphuret of ammo- 
“nium decomposes the chlorids, and we obtain an insoluble compound, 
which is the double sulphuret of platinum and allyle (Pt S2, AUS.) Sim- 
ilar compounds are formed with mereury. The precipitate with an alco- 
holic solution of chlorid of mercury is 2(Hg Cl,) AlbCl,+-2(Hg. 5) AILS. 
When thisis distilled with sulpho-cyanid of potassium, a decomposition 
ensues by which we obtain the oil of mustard. The reaction is between 
the double chlorids, forming chlorid of potassium and sulpho-cyanids of 
A ‘mercury and allyle; at the same time the double sulphuret is decom- 
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