s 



> 



Zoology. 283 



VViihin the last few years, ii has been proved that the occurrence of 

 the remains of fishes in many of the western groups of rocks, is by 

 no means rare. In the Clinton group at the base of the Upper Silu- 

 rian, as developed in the Lake Superior district, we have detected 

 markings similar to those in the same group in New York, made by 

 some vertebrated animal, probably a fish. Mr. Joseph Sullivant has 

 observed the remains of fishes consisting of teeth, scales and fins in 

 numerous instances in the Clitf limestone of Columbus, (Upper Silu- 

 rian,) and Prof. Agassiz, in a recent visit to the quarries, was enabled 

 to collect numerous specimens, and we may hope, ere long, to receive 

 exact information as to the character of these ancient species. 



JJr. Norwood found a well-preserved jaw in the same group, at Mad- 

 ison, Ia» Messrs. Whittlesey and Brainard of Cleveland have brought 

 to light well-preserved specimens from the Devonian, or perhaps sub- 

 carboniferous system of Northern Ohio; while at Zanesville and Cam- 

 bridge, we have indisputable evidence of their occurrence in the true 

 carboniferous, 



4. Sulphate and Carlonale of Copper of Bristol^ Conn. — On page 



222 we failed to state that the copper ore contains both sulphuric and 



carbonic acids, but the fact of their chemical combination remains ia 

 doubt, 



III. Zoology. 



1- On the Classifcation of the Crustacea Grapsoidea; by James D. 

 DANA.^The Grapsoidea, in the system here explained, correspond to 

 the Cyclometopa of Edwards, excepting that we separate the Telphusa, 

 group and place it with the Cancroidea.* 



A few of the species have the fourth joint of the outer maxillipeds 

 articulated by the inner angle with the third, as in the Cancroidea: of 

 these we make the family Goxoplacid.^, or the Grapsoidea Cancridica. 



In all the other species, this articulation is remote from tlte inner an- 



g'e, being either near the middle of Che apical margin or at the outer 



fngle. The near universality of this character among the Grapsoidea 



's proof of its importance, and sustains us in removing from alongside 



* of the Gonoplacidae the Macrophthulmi. 



The Macrophthalmus and Ocypod groups are closely related, and 

 With Doto make ouv second family the MACROFHXHALMioiE,— character- 

 ized by the great length of the eye-peduncles, the very narrow front, 

 pnd the 2nd joint of the male abdomen narrower than the correspond- 

 ing part of the sternum. 



The Grapsus family— the third has the same limits as in the system 

 of Milne Edwards, the form is subquadrate, with the lateral margin 

 anteriorly more or less acute; the front broad ; the eyes of moderate 

 '*5ngih or short ; the second joint of the male abdomen usually not nar- 

 rower than the corresponding part of the sternum. We give more im- 

 portance than has hitherto been done to the fact of the outer maxilii- 

 Peds having an oblique piliferous crest on the surface or not; and we 

 make this characteristic the basis of a subdivision of the Grapsidie (ex-* 

 ^usive of the Plagusina?) into the subfamilies Grapunct and Sesarvunce, 



* Tliia volume, jx 130, 



