400 The Philippine Journal of Science 1923 



and active when ready to crawl out from beneath the shell of 

 the mother. The larvae become very active soon after emer- 

 gence and begin searching for a suitable place at which to feed. 

 All immediately crawl upward onto the leaves where they be- 

 come attached on the upper surface (Plate 2, fig. 1, a). They 

 settle along the veins and do not congregate in groups. As feed- 

 ing commences there is a noticeable increase in size, and within 

 a few days the dorsal surface becomes covered with a white 

 woolly substance. At the end of the first stage the larva molts, 

 the cast skin being pushed backward off the tip of the abdomen. 

 About a month is required to complete the first stage. 



The first molt occurs about the middle of July, after which 

 the insects descend to the naked branches, the majority of them 

 settling on the freshly grown twigs, but some also on branches 

 two or three years old. The insects remain in this stage until 

 about the latter part of August or early September, and after 

 the second molt takes place the adult stage is reached. The 

 female is a sessile object with the dorsum somewhat extended 

 into a cone and flattened ventrally, and the color is greenish 

 yellow with close grayish bands on the thoracic surface. Diam- 

 eter, about 1.5 millimeters. The antennae are 6-jointed, as in 

 the previous stages. 



A few days after the female larvae have emerged, the young 

 males come out from beneath the mother, these having hatched 

 from the eggs of lighter color. The male larvae crawl upward 

 to the leaves and settle in clusters on the under surf aces (Plate 

 2, fig. 1, 6), thus differing in habit from the females. The 

 antennae of the male consist of six joints, as in the female. 

 Within two days the body is covered with a white woolly secre- 

 tion. 



The first molt takes place about the same time as that of the 

 female or possibly a few days previously, the larvae then de- 

 scending to the 2- or 3-year-old twigs and settling on the under- 

 side (Plate 2, fig. 1, c), then commencing immediately the 

 deposition of wax. Within two or three days the dorsal surface 

 of the mass of insects is nearly concealed by this wax, and about 

 ten days later the bodies are completely embedded in a thick 

 mass of the substance. The thickness of this wax is about 6 

 to 7 millimeters. The deposit is always heaviest on the under- 

 side of the branch, but often extends entirely around it. Be- 

 fore the second molt the body becomes very plump and stands 

 at right angles to the branch, being attached thereto by the 

 mouth parts. 



