LÀ THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 
[JAN. 3, 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVES, &c. 
About’40° is a good temperature for this house when 
mot attached: to sitting rooms, and only used for the 
purpose of wintering large specimens without plants in 
Blossom, but where a supply of stove plants in bloom is 
eonstantly kept up from a forcing pit, which is essen- 
tially necessary to every good conservatory in winter, 
the best heat is 45°. — Cinerarias, which are great 
ornaments in this house in winter, are thirsty plants, 
and should be well attended to with water; they are 
also liable to the attacks of insects, and unless they are 
looked after, they will soon establish these among other 
plants. Chinese Primroses are also very ornamental 
Bere ; although they grow well near the glass, they do 
best in shaded places. In regard to soil, two parts 
rough leaf mould, and one of well decayed cow-dung, 
with a little sand, suits them best, and in this they like 
plenty of moisture.  Stoves.—All stove plants should 
now, and for the next six weeks, be quite at rest, and 
in that state 55° is quite high enough for them in cold 
weather. No more water should be given at the roots 
than what will keep the leaves from flagging, but the 
atmosphere should be kept more or less moist. A high 
and dry temperature is much more injurious to stove 
plants than any cold they can suffer in a temperature 
about 45°. Pits and Frames—Keep the plants in these 
structures as hardy as possible, by fully exposing them 
in mild weather, but do not give them any more water 
than is absolutely necessary. Remove all decayed or 
decaying leaves, and keep the atmosphere in as healthy 
2-state as possible. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING, 
ineries.— Where a supply of Pines is wanted 
throughout the year, it is sometimes necessary at this 
season to subject some of the fruiting plants to a high 
temperature to start them into frnit, Ifa few of those 
most likely to fruit soon can be put into a house by 
themselves, where a temperature of from 659 to 70? 
ean be maintained by night and 72° by day, with about 
85? of bottom-heat, it will bring on the fruit. The 
other plants can then be’ kept at a moderate tempera- 
ture till the end of the month; this will prolong the 
succession of fruit, and be much better than subjecting 
many plants to a high temperature at this dull season. 
Wineries, &c.—As before mentioned, observe great 
moderation in regard to increase of temperature in 
houses in which forcing has just commenced. Peach- 
Rouses.—If the buds are swelling, 50° by night may be 
maintained ; sprinkle the trees frequently, and protect 
the roots from the effects of frost. It is an excellent 
plan to have a stock of Peach-trees in pots, or tubs, for 
the first early crop. If any of the blossom-buds have 
expanded, it will be well to assist the setting of the fruit 
by means of a camel-hair pencil. Trees, in bloom, re- 
quire a temperature of 57? by night, and a rise of 5? or 
10? by day, with fire-heat according to the state of the 
atmosphere. Cucumbers, should have every possible 
amount of foliage exposed to the light ; and continue, as 
PP ities occur, ional crops of Kidney Beans, 
Mushrooms, &e. 
FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 
During changeable weather, like the present, little 
ean be done in the regular work of this department ; 
Dmt where al ions are contemplated, such as making 
new walks, new flower-beds, or renewing the soil in old 
enes, these should be forwarded whenever the weather 
will permit. Holes for planting choice or new shrubs 
or trees may also be prepared by removing the bad 
soil, and replacing it by a compost suitable to the 
plants ; and even when trees are planted and not grow- 
ing well, the soil may be carefully removed from the 
roots, and replaced by better material. In wet weather 
plenty of work may be found in making pegs, brooms, 
flower sticks, repairing rustic baskets, and seats, and 
iir painting wire trellises. In the reserve garden, beds 
containing autumn-sown annuals would be the better 
for having a few branches of evergreens stuck into them 
to shade the plants from bright sunshine after frost, 
which has often a very injurious effect, and to protect 
them from drying winds. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
A great addition having been made during the past 
year to the votaries of Flora, and a corresponding de- 
mand for information and instruction on the several 
points of cultivation being the natural consequence, we 
shall continue our weekly hints on this subject, observ- 
ing that independent of the usual routine recommended, 
we shall be able to bring forward several interesting 
methods of culture, founded on experiments during the 
last season. Whilst the weather continues open follow 
the advice given during the few past weeks, Should 
frost set in, cover Auricula frames with two good mats, 
giving air by tilting the lights whenever possible. 
Should the plants by any means get frozen, allow them 
to thaw gradually, without being exposed to the action 
of the sun’s rays. Those who have not obtained the 
mecessary number of Ranunculuses to make up their 
heds, ought to do so without delay, as the period of 
planting, the 14th of February, will soon be here, If 
the beds have not been already formed, perhaps the 
simplest and best way is to excavate the soil 2 feet deep, 
ppt in 6 inches of decayed cow-dung, covering this 
with maiden turfy loam to the depth of 12 inches more, 
the remaining 6 inches to be equal parts loam, leaf-soil, 
and sand, thoroughly incorporated. 
KITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
All unoccupied ground should now be turned up b; 
zough digging, trenching, or ridging ; regulating these 
eperations aecording to the nature of the soil, and the 
sharacter of preceding and contemplated future crops. 
Keep forward Lettuces from being injured by frost ; and 
look sharply after Cauliflower plants under hand-lights, 
as well as Lettuces, Endive, and Radishes, in cold 
frames ; protecting them with straw or reed covers, or 
Spruce branches. If not already done, seize the ear- 
liest opportunity of mild weather to sow the first crop 
of Peas and Beans, choosing established early varieties. 
Orchard.—Proceed with pruning, and protect newly- 
planted trees by mulching their roots. Where planting 
is not finished, the operation should be deferred,for a 
month or six weeks longer. In the meantime, however, 
the ground may be prepared for the reception of the 
trees. 
COTTAGERS’ GARDENS. 
As soon as the weather will permit sow Marshall’s 
dwarf Prolific and Mazagan Beans, which are the kinds 
generally used for early crops; the latter is the hardiest. 
They may be planted in shallow drills drawn about 18 
inches apart, in the warmest part of the garden, and 
covered about 2 inches in depth. On the first fine day 
also sow a few of the Early Frame or Charlton Peas. 
For this crop the seeds should be sown rather thickly, 
and in case of severe frost they should be protected by 
Fern or Furze. Some of the latter chopped may be 
put into the drills to prevent the ravages of mice. 
Monruty Drprn or Rar, in inches and hundred parts of an 
inch, which fell at Chiswick in the years 1841, 1842, 1843, 
1844, and 1845, 
1841. | 1842. | 1843. | 1844. | 1845, 
Ini glaring Tn. Tn. In 
January . 2.00 | 1.06 1.33 2,25 2.97 
à 0.76 | 1. 2.35 2.27 0.93 
LBF ~ 1.8 0.47 2,44 1.95 
1.8 | 0.15 | 1.62 | 0.33 | 0.95 
Vas e PET n 5.26 | 0.25 | 2:89 
245 | 1.58 | 1.62 | 0.97 | 1.86 
3.56.| 152 | 167 | 2.10 | 2.81 
2.0 | 2.8 3.28 | 1.84 | 2.79 
8.71 | 3.89 | 0.98 | 1.81 | 177 
461 | L71 | 419 | 418 |. 1.39 
341 | 447 | 213 | 3.00 | 211 
December. 2.2 | 0.76 | 0.58 | 0.399 | 2.61 
Annual amount.. | 30.97 | 22.81 | 25.48 | 21.94 | 93.33 
State of the Weather near London, for the week ending Jan. 1, 1846, as 
observed at the Horticultural Garden, Chiswick. 
Moon's| Banowsrzn. | Tur Wind. | Rain. 
Age: "Max. , Min. | Max. irt 
37 | 30.076 | 29.876 | 50 
28 | 3010) | 29.788 | 52 Ma 
@ | 29.805 | 29.471 | 52 «16 
0 | 30.018 | 98700 | 52 . | 406 
1 | 29.968 | 99.644 | 54 Ww. | 02 
2 | 80.106 | 29.465 | 52 S.W. | «44 
...8 | 30.051 | 29.692 | 46 | 30 | 38.0 | N.W. 
80.17 | 29.662 |. 611| 83.8| 423 | .85 
g yov partially overcast at night. 
27—Clear; fine; faintly overcast; densely overcast at night 
28—Boisterous, with rain; clear and frosty at night 
29—Frosty ; overcast 
30—Overcast; windy; fine; clear 
31— Fine, with bright eun; uniformly overcast; boisterous, with very 
eavy rain at night. 
Jan. 1—Clear; fine, with sun; clear at night. 
Mean temperature of the week 44 deg. above the average. 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
ensuing Week ending Jan. 10, 1846." 
| Prevailing Winds. 
No. of | G Ss 
son. |e Age PST | Senen ia Tal Telsa 
Temp. | Temp. | which it | of Rain, ^ |Z |^ ai a 
PE TE 
T .2 | 88. 0.40 - 1 
Tues. 6 40.9 299 | 85.4 7 0.88 14/2 2| 8| 6| 2|— 
Wed. 7| 40.2 | 28.6 | 344 4 0.14 1| a| a| 2| 2| 3| 4| 3 
Thur. 8| 37.4 297 | 33.6 3 0.96 32 62— 511 
Fri. 9 886 8.3 | 35.0 6 0.20 1 4| 2| 3| 3| 3| 3| 1 
Sat. 10 41.0 29.4 85.9 7 040 , 1/523 4) 1| 2| 2 
| | 
The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 5:h, 
1814—therm, 64°; and the lowest on the 8th, 1841—therm. 69, 
Notices to Correspondents. 
Brans—Elytron—The deleterious principle of the Scarlet Run- 
ner and French Bean is sais ytisine, the same which 
causes Laburnum seeds to kill children who incautiously 
swallow them. 
EES—S—The manner in which bees build their cells is but 
little known. erve “when the bees begin to work, 
evident in his building his 
winter consumption," 
an that the creature 
in youth seduced into excess, has after a while been fain to 
disgorge superfluities, and has thus acquired the useful habits 
which has rather incautiously been overpraised." But, beit 
remembered that the honey-bee is gregarious the whole year 
round, and thus differsfrom all British bees ; the humble one, 
for instance, stores up food for a ready supply for its brood in 
summer on e honey-bee, on the other hand, is con- 
tinually engaged in rearing brood when tl 
i ithout a ready supply of honey and pollen always 
at hand, its young would inevitably perish. So fa 
kind. W. 
Booxs--E C D—Probably Mackintosh’s “Practical Gardener” 
will be the best book for the lady to consult. The “ Flower- 
CnancoAL—A Well-wisher—W hen wood, after being exposed to 
char 
Corouns or PLANTS—A Gardener—Whence do fruits and flow- 
ers derive their colours ? Ask theredbreast who adorned its 
bosom, or the raven why it is not white. Enquire of yourself 
how your hair was made black and your blood red. ` No one 
can answer such questions, Walnuts will not bear till they 
are old: if you would hasten them, dig round their roots at 
some distance from the main stem and fill up the hole again. 
Dannras—An ub—We recommend you the following 12 
s, in which you will find a 
be done, such as Billington’s, Withers’s, and others ; but they 
i very limited use. — Main's 
If you attempt it, use good white-lead 
There is an objection on the part of many 
good gardeners to training fruit trees over trellis, instead of 
nailing them. is said that the currents of air setting be- 
tween the tree and the wall lower the temperature, and dimi- 
nish the utility of the wall itself; and we believe that they 
are right. 
very useful. All may be heated by one boiler, provided the 
pipes are furnished with well.adapted stop-cocks. For th 
early Vinery—Black Hamburgh, Black Prince, R 
cadine, and White Sweetwater. For the (a 
tignan, White ditto, White Muscat of Alexandria, and the 
St. Peter's.l 
AL SOCIET Se ks—Apply for them to the 
Secretary, 21, Regent-street, They will be sent as a matter 
of course. 
Hyacinrus—Aliquis—Use tepid water for your Hyacinths in 
glasses, and add four drops of a saturated solution of sul- 
phate of ammonia to every pint of water. This will be found 
to have a very beneficial effect. 
Insrcrs —H S—It is scarcely possible to free land from wire- 
they may however be reduced by sticking slices of 
Potato or Turnip in the ground, to which they will resort ; 
and if these be examined daily, very considerable numbers 
may be collected and destroyed.] 
, Kingston—1, 3, Uvedale’s St. Germain ; 
2, Passe Colmar; 5, Carlisle Codlin ; 6, Marks's Codlin; 7, 
^ 
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lin's Golden Pippin; 6, Wormsley Pippin ; 7, 
9, Dutch Codlin.|——C N, Berks—3, anieri 
Sometimes called Fall Pippin. —— T S—1, 
field ; 3, Worthless. |} 
Names or PLANTS—S E N—Omphalodes verna.——J M € D— 
Itis usual in this country for persons who ask for informa- 
tion to do so civilly; and we do not believe that in Ireland 
here is any different custom. ut your questions in so 
unintelligible a manner that they cannot be answered ; and to 
this you add impertinence. n future do not write to us. If, 
as you say, you arerequested by other persons at Drumcondra 
to do so, we must request them to find a more civil and 
a more sensible medium of communication, We are always 
willing to answer questions even as ignorant as yours, bu 
they must be asked in a proper maner.——W L — Lotus 
l T B—L tum.—— Sui 
ti 
— bova 
—Populus angulata. ——J B—Zygopetalum intermedium. - 
——A Kentish Mc Lelia anceps and € Cer- 
vantesii, i 
PHLOX NA—Sub—This is a very scanty bloomer: but it 
may be helped by planting it in a rich light sandy soil, either 
on rockwork or by elevating its stems by placing a few pieces 
of stones or bricks under them, It requires rather a dry 
it, Tyro—' 
endis the youngest, the point of the Potato, the place where 
the eyes are placed clesest together, 
PRIMULA SINENSIS—E P—Your crimson seedling is not equalto 
rame. 
Sizes or Pors—S—By refering to p. 83 you will find the in. 
formation you seek.t E 
Taxtacotius—R W—Thank yeu. We have not forgotten that: 
but we thought the matter too serious for a joke. 
TORENIA SCABR. Amat isi b: plant, andit 
is its nature to die down ; keep it cool till next March, and 
then a little warmth and moisture will set it growing again. 
quite deep enough.—— T B— Vines which have been exposed 
to the frost since bearing, and which are to be forced in 
February should now be taken into the house and prune 
and dressed preparatory to Starting them. orders 
should also be forked up and putin order before artificial 
In quality it is not equal to 
others which ripen at the same time ; still it deserves cultiva- 
tion, being handsome and a great and sure bearer.|.——P MF 
—If you n ake up Gansel’s Bergamot carefully, 
trench the border and replant the tree, it will certainly bear.\, 
