12 THE 
AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
(Jan. 3, 
bruised Furze makes a nutritious and palatable winter 
feed 
.—"2} cwt. of Grass-hay, at 3s. 6d. per cwt. . 
2.— 21 cwt. 
Relative Weekly Expense of Keeping Horses.— 
« Ts 9d—T: 
. » at 3s. 6d. Bs . 79 
T1 peck of Oats, or } peck per diem, at 2s. 
T bushel e 
3.—12 cwt of Oat-straw, at 1s. 6d. per cwt. . 
8} pecks of Oats, or 1} peck per diem, at 
per bushel ..... oe ne sees so 
4.— 2 cwt. Bean-straw, at 1s. 6d. per cwt. . 
4 pecks of Oats, at 2s. 6d. per bushel . 
5,— 160 lbs. of Bean-straw, at 1s. 6d. per cwt. 
3001bs. of Carrots, at Is, 6d. ,, 
13 pecks of Oats, at 2s. 6d. per bushel 
Cutting straw and Carrots .. 
6,— 1} cwt. Bean-straw, at 1s. 6d. per cwt. ...... 
$9 pecks of small Potatoes, at 2s. 6d. per sack 
1 pecks of Oats, at 2s. 6d. per bushel 
utting straw and boiling Potat 
Comparative Table of nutriment, 
R. Rham :— 
339 Ibs. of Mangold Wurzel, 
175 Ibs. of boiled Potatoes, 
140 lbs. of Bean straw, 
74 Ibs. 
SCHENCK ENONON wH 
co oo e 
L3 
c 
| equal to 100 lbe, of best Hay. 
195 lbs, of Oat 9» 
59 Ibs. of grain of Oats, 
I have taken a great deal of trouble, and think the fore- 
going Table correct; though very different in expense, 
yet each contains the same amount of nutriment, except 
the hay alone.—4nonymous. [A very useful table.] 
Sootíetíes. 
To AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES AND BREEDERS OF 
Honszs.—As the season app hes for the p ti 
of covering stallions, for agrieultural purposes, the fol- 
lowing suggestions, the result of practical experience, 
are thought worthy of the attention of the committees 
of the different societies throughout the country who 
offer premiums for this description of stock, and I would 
submit them also to individual farmers, breeders of 
horses. The system hitherto adopted at almost every 
competition of horses has been to commence with high 
feeding, and to late an ext: dinary quantity of 
flesh upon the animals exhibited, often to an extent 
which endangers their lives when they are subjected to 
severe exercise, and which also tends to destroy the 
procreative powers. The physiology of the horse ought 
to be so well understood by competent judges, than an 
animal loaded with an excess of flesh should in every 
instance be pronounced ineligible. Although condition 
is perfectly understood in the hunting stable and the 
field, where fast work is required, it is somewhat re- 
markable that this essential property should be almost 
entirely neglected by those who aim at the improvement 
of farm horses. Many valuable animals are annually 
destroyed by not enforcing attention to this particular, 
and frequent complaints are heard of stallions, and the 
loss and disappointment is hardly ever ascribed to the 
roper cause. It certainly would be for the benefit of 
all breeders of horses to attend to the simple fact, that 
wherever great muscular exertion is required, this can 
only be obtained with safety by careful and skilful pre- 
paration of the animal to perform the same, without 
injuring the constitution, by divesting it of all superfluous 
flesh. Agricultural societies, therefore, should at once set 
the example by giving additional encouragement to the 
owners of horses exhibited in the highest possible con- 
dition (so well described by Nimrod) to enable them to 
perform every description of work, and discourage 
every ignorant attempt of bringing forward to their ex- 
hibition, horses in the condition of fatted bullocks, 
scarcely able to walk to the shambles.— B. 
BRISTOL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Annual Meeting, 1845.—The President of the Society 
(W. Miles, Esq., M.P.) on taking the chair, said, it 
would be remembered that, together with Lord Spencer, 
he had been appointed by the Royal Agricultural 
Society of England to try the Southampton prize Wheat 
against other Wheats. He had tried it against four 
other Wheats, and Lord Spencer against two other 
kinds, and in both their experiments it had turned out 
the worst of the whole. He (Mr. Miles) had tried it 
against Jonas’s Prolific Seedling, the Hopeton, the Red 
Straw White, and against a Wheat not much known in 
this country, but which he had procured from Scotland, 
through a gentleman, Mr. Hope, who spoke of it in the 
highest terms as a Wheat which yields an increased 
roduce on any land equal to the rent of the land, called 
Fenton’s Wheat. These Wheats he drilled in after the 
rate of 2 bushels per aere(which he considered the best 
quantity), and the produce was as follows :—Jonas’s 
Prolific Seedling, 55 bushels 2 pecks per acre; Red 
Straw White, 47 bushels 2 pecks; Hopeton, 54 bushels 
1 peck ; Southampton Prize Wheat, 40 bushels 2 pecks ; 
and Fenton, 54 bushels. After advising his hearers to 
change their seeds and variety, by which he was sure 
a great deal of good might be effected, the Chair- 
man proceeded to state the result of some experi- 
ments with Newberry’s dibbling-machine, manufac- 
tured by Earl Ducie. He had with this machine 
sowed the very smallest quantity—2 pecks per acre. 
It would be recollected that the spring was very much 
* I have several times weighed for our horses, and find they 
eat and waste 75 Ibs. of hay, uncut, in 24 hours, and when cut, 
4 Ibs. to 5 Ib 
ess. 
nerally, in this part of Somersetshire, from 16s, 
ter; this year they are about 24s, per quarter, 
f Best hay is generally about 3}. 10s. per ton. 
§ Small Potatoes, for pigs, can generally be bought for about 
2s. 6d. per sack ; and this year I have bought many sacks (a 
little infected, so 
Potatoes) at 2s, per sack, 
as not to be likely to keep long, but large | 
| country, which partly counteracted the effects of this 
against thin sowing. They had about March very 
biting winds, and as the experiment was tried on a 
sloping field, and at the top less deep than at the bottom, 
it as a whole failed. They, however, selected a portion 
of the field to try the result ; the crop was, of the Red 
Straw White, 34 bushels 3} pecks per acre; Hopeton, 
34 bushels 3 pecks ; Southampton prize Wheat, 32 
bushels ; Fenton, 40 bushels 2} pecks, a very extraor- 
dinary produce. 
on a flat surface, and with light ground, it would be 
found to be a most valuable instrument. He should state, 
that in Bucking hire and Hamp where it was 
used, the general rate of sowing was 5 pecks per acre. 
The next experiment he had tried was upon Turnips. 
The seed he used was Skirving’s. He was anxious to 
get a good crop, with as little manure as possible, as 
thereby much expense in haulage would be saved. In- 
stead of using 20 tons of manure per acre, he employed 
10 tons, and he used with it two descriptions of assistant 
manure. With the first lot he put 10 bushels of the 
ashes of burnt weeds, and with the other 10 bushels of 
powdered animal carbon, the refuse of sugar refining. 
The produce was so equal that neither could be said to 
have excelled. The manure with the ashes produced 
26 tons 7 cwt. per acre, and that with the powdered 
animal carbon 25 tons 16 cwt. per acre. He had like- 
wise tried experiments with the dross from sugar re- 
fining, which was used in France to manure Vines, and 
the result was a failure. It, in fact, deteriorated the value 
of the crop. The chairman next adverted to the state 
of the Potato crop, and attributed the evil to the chill 
produced by frost on the 28th of July. His early Po- 
tatoes had scarcely suffered at all. His next crop of 
whites was hit very much, and he lost one-half. His 
flesh-coloured Kidneys did not lose 1 in 60, but his late 
Potatoes were much injured. He should not hesitate 
to put partly injured Potatoes in the ground, 7 or 
8 inches deep, as he did not think the disease would 
hang by the Potatoes, but had been caused by atmo- 
spheric influence. 
Farmers! Clubs. 
SUBJECTS FOR DISCUSSION. 
l. MERITS AND DETAILS OF SYSTEMS FOR SECURING THE 
TENANTS’ RIGHTS. 
would be an equivalent? That is for the 
tenant’s consideration : let the landowner make his offer ; and 
we are very much mistaken if a tenant is to be found who 
w 
ewal of it at six-fifths of the former 
which, dating from the period of its performance, each opera- 
a to exert a beneficial influence. The difficulties 
attending this method are fully detailed in the works to which 
we have referred, 
2. ON STALL FEEDING AS AGAINST FEEDING IN YARDS. 
It is supposed that the an rown, and are put 
In the latter more straw is required for litter. We 
know of only one experiment on the ty but it was per- 
yard feeding. See 
Stephen’s “Book of the Farm,” vol. ii . 148, 149. Wi 
shall shortly refer to this subject in another section of the Paper. 
LANDFORD.—Annual Meeting, Dec. 20.—At this 
meeting, Mr. Sturt, after a few preliminary remarks, 
spoke as follows :—He did not look to high prices as 
ihe test of their prosperity, because there was no agri- 
cultural prosperity so sound as that which arose from 
low prices, founded upon abundant produce. The 
price of all agricultural produce was now remunerating, 
and this might arise from various causes. "There was 
one cause, tending to this, the failure of the Potato 
crop, which would demand their consideration, but then 
came the abundance of labour in many parts of the 
His opinion of the machine was, that | i 
failure, and, as a member of their Society, which had 
for its object the g t and imp o 
the. labouring class, he hoped this would continue 
He was afraid that the condition of the agricultural 
labourers would, in many respects, be severe during the 
winter; he was afraid that the labourers, or very many 
of them, who had been accustomed to live chiefly upon 
Wheaten bread and Potatoes, would find their store of 
the latter exhausted. And how was the gap to be sup- 
plied? He thought that they should all assist those 
labourers who might suffer privation through causes 
over which they had no control ; and if there must be 
any sacrifice for this purpose, he hoped it would be 
made cheerfully. He believed some sacrifice would be 
required, and he could not doubt that it would be 
readily made, when he saw the many useful societies 
that had sprung up to assist the poor, including clothing 
and fuel clubs, supported by the clergy, gentry, and 
tenantry of the parishes. He was glad to see his reve- 
rend friend, Mr. Huxtable, on his left, who, he hoped, 
was about to be delivered of one of his practical 
speeches. Mr. Huxtable would tell them a great deal 
as to growing Swedes and feeding sheep and cattle. 
But everything had its dark side, and he could imagine 
a farmer saying—“J attended the meetings at Stur- 
minster and at Blandford; I heard all Mr. Huxtable 
said, and from his honied words I was induced to go. 
and see what he had done, I went to his farm and 
knowledge to be founded upon a metallic basis. iG 
Y, 
obtaining a large interest by speculating in railway 
shares, 
Desennam.—The General Meeting of this Society tool; 
place on Nov. 7. The spirit of competition amongst the 
cottagers for prizes offered by the club for the best pro- 
ductions of fruit and vegetables continue to increase, and 
we doubt not the liberal kindness of the Rev. Mr. and 
the Hon. Mrs. Bedingfeld, will preserve it. There 
were (this day), upwards of 200 different productions 
submitted. We noticed amongst the company inspect- 
ing the cottagers’ tables the Rev. Mr. and the Hon. 
Mrs. Bedingfeld, Dr. Chevalier and family, J. J. Mechi, 
Esq:, Tiptree Hall, D. R. Meadows, Esq., &c. &e. &¢. 
—W. G., Hon. Sec, 
SrnATFORD-ON-A vox, Nov. 14.—Mr. T. Gibbs, Blacon 
arm,near Warwick reada well-digested paper on “fences 
and hedges.” He introduced the essay by describing 
the origin and use of hedges, and deprecated the great 
and unnecessary width of them as formerly made. He 
thought the Hawthorn preferable to all other trees 
for the purpose. A good fence can scarcely be made on 
the site of an old one, but the greater part of it should 
be grubbed up, and the soil to the depth of 2 or 3 feet 
carted away, and the bank made up with fresh mould. 
Previous to doing so, having remoyed the bank to the 
right and left as far as the bedge is dead, throw æ 
quantity of the subsoil to the depth of a foot or two 
towards the ditch or face of the mound, filling up the 
space with the fresh soil; by doing so few weeds will 
grow. Planting new hedges is commenced by construct- 
ing a bank to receive the plants; if possible, stake the 
ground out in summer, and plough it 6 or 7 feet wide, 
shovel the soil in a line towards the intended bank side; 
having removed the top soil, plough or dig about a foot 
deep of subsoil, then throw it that distance from the 
bank side of the trench to the ditch side; shovel the 
top soil lying at the back of the bank into the space 
where the subsoil came from; lay the Quick hori- 
zontally, not perpendicularly ; cover the roots on the 
top soil, and the stems on the subsoil ; the plants in the 
top table should have a slight inclination upwards ; 
leave the ditch one foot wide at the bottom, and the 
bank not too upright ; put no turf or good soil in front ; 
the common practice of making a table with inverted 
turf laid “ Grass to Grass" is bad ; with the worst soil 
in front little or no weeding is required. Quicks should 
be chosen with fibrous roots and clear strong stems, 
planted 6 ins. apart, each plant in the top table placed 
opposite the vacant space in the bottom one, so that in 
growing the stems will be only 3ins. apart. The third 
and last ideration was the bund: of timber 
in hedgerows, A rather large tree will extend from its 
extremes 22 yards, which is equal to one-twentieth of 
