3.—1846.] THE GARDENERS” CHRONICLE. 35 
SELECT V % by any of the old plans. The warm air in the Polmaise | calculate, 20 years, with an occasional renewal of 
ILLIAM E. RENDLE & CO. have much plea- | system revolvesfrom the back to the front, and thus coun- | the bars at bottom of the fire-box ; these are made so 
sure in announcing to those who are fond of really choice 
and good vegetables, that they have this year procured a small 
stock of the following valuable sorts, which are all warranted 
to grow well, and to be of genuine quality. if 
À Packet of each will be sent postage free to any part of 
ain or Ireland for Ten Shi ora selection of 12 
Any sort separate at Sixpence’ per 
Great Bri 
sorts for Jive Shillings. 
Packet. 
Willeove Broccoli. 
Myatt’s superior Curled Pars- 
ley 
ey. 
Enfield Matchless do. 
Superb Crimson Beet 
Legg's Late Dw: S set. 
i Imported Brusseil Sprouts. 
do. 
Snow’s Winter White do. 
arge Syrian do. White Spanish Onion. 
Hampton Court do. Green-topped T 
otter's Pink do Early Matchless Cabbage: 
Earliest Cornish do, 
Early Hope do. 
Early British Queen do. 
London Market do. 
Barly Paignton do. 
Seymour's White Celery. 
Lancashire Hero (Red) do. 
Walnut-flavoured Pink do. 
Latter’s Victory of England 
Walcheren Caw 
Large Asiatic d 
Improved Guernsey Parsnip. 
Green Flesh Gabool Melon. 
Ice Cabbage Lettuce. 
Drumhead do. 
Biood Red do. 
Hampton Court Cabbage do, 
London et do. 
do. 
0. 
liflower. 
o. 
Hamilton’s Black Spine do. 
br Snow's Horticultural do. 
New Early m do. 
Complete collection of Seeds suitable for a Kitchen 
Garden for M. 10s., including the above, carriage free, 
to any part of Great Britain or Ireland. 
ALL OTHER KINDS OF GARDEN SEEDS. 
Early orders are desired, as some of the Y 
mmediate payment is not required from known corre- 
*3pondents, or those who give reference in London, 
Plymouth, Jan. 17, 1816. 
She Gardeners’ Chronicle. 
SATURDAY, JANUARY 17, 1846. 
MEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. 
MORE Sank an} cultural Ue oe wi v RAUM 
nnean Pr E es 
SyrURDAY — — 24-Royal Botanio . : 0l 
Moxpay,  — 26—Entomological (Anniversary) 
kinds are sear 
9 ra. 
4 ra. 
8 ra 
WE cannot too often repeat that the importance 
-of the Por warsg HraTING consists in its cheapness, 
as well as its efficieney. Wise people say that it is 
not new—that as good Grapes can be grown with- 
out it as with it—that it does no more than hot 
water pipes and tanks will do, and so forth. But, 
granting all these propositions, which we do not, 
what then? The grand point of cheapness re- 
mains; and on that we rest our case. Nothing has 
been thought of yet which is so cheap and efficient 
asthe Polmaise plan. 
Ifa greenhouse costs 757.,a man must pay 307. to 
heat it, and probably much more. Is it nothing 
that by the Polmaise plan he may do it for five 
pounds? If a small range of pits, or a very small 
greenhouse, must have the cold kept out. of them, 
it is impossible to do it without the risk of over- 
heating them, let the cost be what it may. Is it 
nothing that the Polmaise plan overcomes these dif- 
ficulties ? 
We do not say that it can be applied to stoves ; 
neither do we say that it cannot. The point re- 
mains to be ascertained. But supposing it to be unfit 
for that purpose—what then? Very few persons 
have stoves or care for the management of them. 
They are exclusively for the: enjoyment of the 
Wealthy, to whom tanks and hot water pipes are 
sufficient. 
Such being the true state of the question we 
make no apology for persevering in our intention of 
fully elucidating Mr. Murray’s plan’ of heating ; 
and we now proceed to do so. by adverting to cer- 
tain points connected with it, which are liable to 
misapprehension. These are practically disposed 
of by the late gardener at Polmaise, whose argu- 
ments we quote nearly verbatim :— 
“Tam given,” he says, ‘to understand that many 
entertain doubts as to the proper place where the warm 
‘air should be admitted into the Vinery; believing that 
it should come in a£ the front of the house instead of the 
back, as it; does in. the Polmaise plan. This objection 
has often struck those who have visited the Polmaise 
Vinery, and naturally arises from, seeing the difference 
às to place for diffusing the heat and the practice that is 
adopted with albother systems of heating hothouses; in 
which the hot-water pipes, smoke flues, or other means 
of heating, are placed round the front and ends of the 
house, that. being the best "position for’ the above appa- 
ratus for diffusing the heat which they throw off. But 
the difference in the movement of the air when heated 
by the Polmaise plan and by hot-water pipes, smoke 
flues, &e., at once explains why in the Polmaise plan the 
warm air is brought in at the baek wall of the Vinery 
iustead ofthe front. ^ Those gardeners who have smoke 
flues for heating their Vineries must have obseryed that 
ifa little water is thrown on the hot flues in a frosty 
night, the steam as it ascends flows inwards from the 
front, at an angle varying according to the coldness’ of 
the external atmosphere. This being the case, there is 
reason in considering that if the warm air in the Pol- 
maise plan was made to come in at the front instead of 
the back, the revolving movement of the air from. the 
front to the back would only be an inducement for the 
cold air to enter in amongst the Vines more than it does 
teracts whatever cold may fly off from the glass, or enter 
between the laps, turning its movement downward, 
parallel with the inner surface of the glass, and modify- 
ing its temperature. There is also another evil that 
might take place if the warm air was brought in at the 
front, which, perhaps, many are not aware of. Warm 
air, when conducted, from the place where it is heated 
to another, by anything that will confine it, like a flue 
or pipe, retains its heat to the distance of 12 or 14 feet 
from its point of escape ; so that the leaves of the Vines 
within its influence lose their vegetative power, wither, 
and die. If you would have the hot air brought in at 
the front, the outlet for it would require to be kept at 
a considerable distance from the Vines, lest their leaves 
should suffer at the aperture. In that case the distance 
which the warm air outlets should be for the safety of 
the Vines, would be too great for the heat to extend its in- 
fluence to the front, in consequence of the inevitable 
draught from the front to the back. The true place 
for the openings for the inlet of the returning air to the 
stove is as close to the front wall and as low as you can 
get them, and I would recommend four of them in a 
house 30 feet long, for the better dividing the points of 
draught and diffusing the heat more equally all over 
the front of the Vinery.” 
It will be obvious that these statements are of more 
force when Vines are trained over glass than in 
other houses; but. they deserve attention. in all 
cases: 
What is, however, of quite as much importance is 
the kind of stove that should be used for this: pur- 
pose, and the manner of setting it. We had sup- 
posed that a Jovcz's stove would do for the pur- 
pose ; but experiments do not bear out the opinion. 
When applied over the mouth of a drain, this stove 
more readily derives the very small supply of fresh 
air which it. requires: from. the inside of the pit or 
house’ than from the drain itself; and thus itis a 
long while in producing a good indraught of air into 
the drain at the cold end of the ‘house. Not that it 
fails ; but it acts imperfectly, and we cannot recom- 
mend it for any other than very small places. 
Dean’s stove is liable to the same objection; and we 
are not prepared to say what kind of stove will 
prove to be the best. "Phat pointis stili open to 
inquiry, and it is notimprobable that some modifica- 
tion of an Arnorr will. eventually be found best 
adapted to the end in view. This seems certain, 
that the stove must be'so connected. with the drain 
that it cannot derive its fresh air from any other 
source. 
the house will not draw into the drain with force 
enough to establish arapid motion and mixture among 
the particles in the atmosphere of the house itself. 
We had written thus far when the following inter- 
esting communication from Mr. Rivers, of Saw- 
bridge worth, reached us :— 
“For several years I have used Arnott’s stoves, for 
forcing Roses, with complete success, so as latterly to 
have had from seven to eight in constant use in the 
early spring months. Finding, however, last season 
that some of them showed symptoms of decay from 
rust, I gave orders to the village bricklayer to take one 
to pieces, and make a copy in brick. Like many coun- 
trymen in receiving orders which they think difficult to 
execute, he seratched his head and gave me rather a 
despairing look. However, on my suggesting that a 
trial would not be very expensive, he commenced ope- 
rations and in a very short time built a brick Arnott's 
stove, which I have no‘hesitation in saying is the most 
complete, economical, and efficient article for heating 
small houses I have ever yet seen. 
them at work, supplying the place of so many iron 
for the sheet-iron case, containing the fire-box, soon 
decays, and is eaten into holes by the oxidation en- 
couraged in the damp atmosphere of a forcing house. 
One of these stoves is placed in a forcing house for 
Roses, 20 feet long by 11 feet; this it is more than suf- 
ficient’ for ; its height 2 feet 8 inches, and exactly 2 
feet square ; foundation, common bricks and mortar; 
with “fire bricks” and “ fire clay.” On the top of the 
stove is placed a “Welsh tile," 2 feet square and 
3jinches thick ; the feeding-door is about the centre, 
a small sliding draught and ash-pit door at bottom, the 
whole forming a neat and unobtrusive structure ; 
should add that a short pipe, about 18 inches long, leads 
from the stove into a small chimney outside. A stove 
of this kind requires feeding but once in eight or ten 
hours; I find coke from the gas works the best and 
most economical fuel. 
* I. will now point out. the advantages of these stoves 
where economy is an object; and, first, the expense of 
erection :—The fire-bricks, lumps, fire-clay, Welch tile, 
and bricks and mortar for a small chimney,with labour, 
amount to, as nearly as possible, 30s. ; cast- 
iron bars for bottom of fire-box, with feeding-door, and 
draught-door to 13s, say, for the whole, 22. 5s.; 
now, an iron 18-inch Arnott’s stove, which is the 
size required. for a forcing-house of above dimen- 
sions, costs 2/. 10s., and will not last more than three 
years ; a brick stove, built as above, will last, I should 
If that precaution is not taken the air of 
T have now four of 
Arnott’s stoves, which had become rusted and useless, 
the part surrounding the fire-box, which is formed of 
four “lumps” (I use my bricklayer’s terms), is built 
as to be removed without pulling the stove to pieces. 
The heat given is most efficient atid regular; its dryness 
counteracted by apan of water being placed on the sur- 
face of the stove. There iso irregularity of draught 
varying-with the wind as in smoke flués ; no liability to 
burst from heating, and 1 danger; no 
flues to clean ; occasionally the chimney and pipe may 
be swept with a wisp of straw tied to a stick, and that is 
all; there is scarcely any accumulation of soot, owing to 
coke being used for fuel; the consumption of fuel is 
very small, if a fire is kept up all day for forcing, and 
made up at night with the draught nearly closed ; from 
a half bushel to three pecks of coke (nearer the former 
than the latter) will be found amply sufficient. For 
heating large and lofty houses I. presume, at present, 
hot water must have the preference ; but I only write 
for those who wish to have the pleasure of a greenhouse . 
and forcing. house at the smallest possible expence ; in 
short, for economists in gardening, the expence of heat- 
ing has been and is a great bar to the erection of small 
greenhouses. 
“Now for the two objections to a heating apparatus in- 
side the greenhouse, ‘These will at once occur to those 
who have tried badly-constructed iron stoves ; the dust, 
they will say, when you take out the ashes poisons every 
thing; the fumes of sulphur from the coke when your 
draught is- bad will kill every plant. How easily the 
first.is met. The boy before he lights the fire in the 
morning, puts the spout» of a small watering-pot, on 
which is a rose, into the feeding door, and saturates the 
lalf-consumed coke and ashes before removing them. 
By this simple precaution not an atom of dust rises ; 
my Roses, with their young and tender leaves hanging 
over the stove, are as delicate and as clean as those in 
the open air. To the second I reply, if your stove is 
built only tolerably well, and your horizontal draught- 
pipe leading from the stove to the chimney isnot more 
than’ 18 ins. long; the draught will be so regular, that no 
fear need be entertained. I have an idea that these 
stoves enlarged according to cireumstanees will be found 
applicable to. the Polmaise system of heating ; but I 
must. confess that. my only motive for penning this 
article is a strong wish to make what have been hitherto 
the luxuries of gardening common to the million; with 
cheap glass and a cheap method of heating, I hope to 
see what the world has never yet witnessed—green- 
houses and foreing-houses in cottage gardens, Our 
village bricklayer will build these stoves for any one 
who wishes to engage him; his name I will give on 
application; and. probably I shall induce him to make 
himself known: by an: advertisement.” 
We hope to beable next! week to give working 
plans of this contrivance, together -with some ac- 
count of a similar, method in-use at the Marquess 
of Tweedale’s. 
Thx following are the- prettiest slate baskets in 
the'world. They were designed and executed by 
J.C. Lyons, Esq, of Ladiston, near Mullingar, for 
the epiphytes: of his rare collection, which is the 
gem of Irish horticulture, and we are enabled by his 
kindness to make them public. They are formed 
of thin pieces of slate pierced’ to’ obtain lightness 
and beauty, and fastened together by brass 
hinges firmly rivetted to the slate. We believe 
that Mr. Beck, of Isleworth, proposes to manufac- 
ture some in imitation of them. 
Ir is now about nine months since we began our 
exposure of the Excrrsu Grass-TRADE, and about 
four months since foreign glass was- brought fairly 
into competition with the home-made article. In 
the course of that time we have been compelled, on 
behalf of our gardening friends, to insist upon many 
things from which we would rather have been re- 
lieved; we have in particular regretted that it 
