4.—1846.] 
THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 
55 
correct.— From the garden of the Society were 
Correa Goodei, Pimelea spectabilis ; Hippeastrum 
aulicum, a Brazilian bulb, with large red flowers; a 
Cape Heath, the rare Epidendrum Skinneri, the cut 
spike of Leelia superbiens above alluded to, and a new 
Daphne, with blue flowers, sent from China, by Mr. 
Fortune. This plant had been forced, to bring it into 
flower for the meeting, and was rather naked looking ; 
but in the native specimens it appears to be much 
branched, and to be a most profuse bloomer, the 
flowers being, of cour darker coloured than 
those on the plant ex Being from Ning Po, 
and also found in the island of Chusan, whence the 
Glycine sinensis comes, which we know to he hardy, 
' it may possibly prove so also; but if this should not 
turn out to be the case, a cool pit or greenhouse will 
e sufficient protection for it. Along with. these 
were two Chinese Primulas, one had been grown in 
a cold pit in summer, and placed in autumn in 
ihe conservatory. other was kept in a 
hot-water pit till it was in bloom, which was some 
weeks later than the one in the conservatory. From 
the appearance of these plants, it would appear that 
the Chinese Primrose is not a suitable plant for forcing, 
for the flowers on the forced specimen were not half 
the size, nor half so well coloured, as those on the 
plant that was not subjected to:such treatment. Along 
with these were flowers of the different sorts of Chimo- 
nanthus, and a cut specimen of Garrya elliptica, a 
hardy evergreen shrub, which produces at this season 
long drooping tails of greenish flowers, and deserves to 
be extensively cultivated in shrubberies. The Fruit 
consisted of Apples, among which were Reinette du 
Canada, a large good sort ; Pearson’s Plate, one of our 
best dessert varieties ; Boston Russet, the best late 
American Apple for this climate, in which it succeeds 
well, proving far superior to the Newtown Pippin, in this 
country; New Rock Pippin, firm and sugary; and the 
Beachamwell. Among kitchen sorts, were Gloria Mundi, 
a large Apple, which should be grown on short-stemmed 
dwarfs, being very liable to be blown down from tall 
standards, and Rymer, a hardy sort and great bearer. 
Upwards of 127. was obtained for the produce of one 
tree near Nottingham, where it is known by the name of 
Caldwell. 3 
LINNEAN SOCIETY. 
Jan. 20.—R. Brown, Esq. in the chair. Mr. J. N. 
Sheeler, of Worcester, and Mr. Robert Marnock, of 
the Royal Botanie Garden, Regent's Park, were elected 
Fellows. A paper was read from the late Wm. Griffith, 
Esq., on the structure of the ascidia and stomata of 
Dischidia Raffesiana. The author stated that the 
commonly adopted opinion with regard to the pitehers 
of this plant was that they were a modification of the 
petiole, and the lid or operculum of the lamina. From 
an examination of the plant he had come to the con- 
clusion that the pitchers were leaves which had been 
formed by a union of the edges of the lamina, a conclu- 
sion which had been previously come to by Dr, Lindley 
in his “Introduction,” page 98. He referred to the struc- 
ture of the stomata, which were only imperfectly de- 
veloped, and were found on both surfaces of the leaves, 
but most abundantly on the concave surface of the 
leaf, and the corresponding inner surface of the pitcher. 
itis to their presence that the minute white dots exist- 
ing on both surfaces of the leaves and ascidia are to 
be attributed. From the existence of these stomata 
9n the dark-coloured concealed portion of the ascidia, 
the author was inclined to ask the question, can they 
have the same function with those of ordinary stomates? 
May not the function of those in which the stoma is 
opaque be glandular? A second paper was read 
from) Mr. Griffith, “On the Structure and Germination 
of the Seeds of Careya.” The seeds examined were 
those of C. herbacea. An analogous structure was 
observed in Barringtonia. Both papers were illustrated 
by drawings. Specimens of (Enanthe pimpinelloides 
were presented by Hewit C. Watson, Esq. A packet of 
dried plants, from Ceylon, was presented by Dr. Kelaart, 
of Gibraltar. 
MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY. 
Jan. 14.—Mr. WirkINSON read a paper on some new 
forms of recent and fossil Xanthidia. Of the fossil 
Species he particularly deseribed two new species. The 
irst is c] terised by p ing an enlarg of the 
tubes at one end. The second appeared to consist of 
two cup-shaped bodies joined together at the edges, and 
having spines or tentaculse thickly set all over them. 
He deseribed several recent species found in the Thames 
mud, and gave it as his opinion that their skeletons were 
horny, not siliceous. There was some difference of 
opinion amongst the members as to the second fossil 
puedes being new, but no doubt was expressed as to the 
rst, 
RMebielos. 
Sowerby’s Supplement to English Botany. 
(Continued from page 438, 1845, 
. Pl. 2896. Carew paradoxa ( Willd.) is a Sedge of no 
interest to any except professed botanists. It was first 
Noticed in Britain by Mr. D. Moore, the well known 
Irish botanist, at Ladiston, in Ireland, and more recent] 
detected near York by Mr. R. Spruce. Described by 
Mr. Babington ; Bab. Man. 327. 
Pl. 2897. Calamintha sylvatica (Bromf.)—Sp. Char. 
“Stems lax; branches few, elongate, ne: 
Leaves ovate; upper onesaeute, sharply serrate. Cymes 
thany-flowered, stalked. Lower lip of corolla with con- 
38 
tiguous segments ; middle one scarcely longer than the this week, and Lettuce and Radishes, Mustard and 
two lateral, broad, shallow. Upper ealyx-teeth erect or Cress are also in as good condition as in the month of 
recurved. Root partly creeping.” A new and very 
beautiful plant, found by Dr. Bromfield in the Isle of 
Wight. It is-well deserving of a place in a garden, and 
ismore especially handsome when confined to a pot— 
producing very numerous large flowers, and continuing 
in flower for many we Deseribed by Dr. Bromfield. 
Pl. 2898. Cuscutas Trifolii (Bab.)—This is a good 
figure of an agricultural pest often noticed in our 
former volumes as most destructive to the crops of 
Clover in the eastern eounties and some other parts of 
the country. It is supposed to have been introduced 
with Clover seed from Holland or Belgium, but we have 
recently been informed that specimens of it exist in 
some old Herbaria, and that, therefore, it may have 
stronger claims to be considered as a native plant than 
is stated in the description appended to the above plate. 
This isa point of next to no interest to the agricul- 
turist, and it is quite certain that the large quantities of 
it which destroyed the crops lately were raised from 
seeds sown by himself on his own land and paid for as 
foreign Clover seed. We have often pressed upon 
farmers the necessity of using clean seed, and we have 
here a strong case in which the necessity of such atten- 
tion to seeds is shown. Described by Mr. Babington ; 
Bab. Man. 303. 
Pl. 2899. Tyndaridea anomala (Ralfs.)—A minute 
and curious aquatic eryptogamie plant solely of botanical 
interest, Described by Mr. Ralfs. 
Pl. 2900. Erica Mackaiana (Bab.)—An elegant 
plant well deserving of a place in gardens. Being a 
native of Ireland it is hardy, and therefore an accept- 
able addition to our few hardy species of Heath. It 
bears numerous purple flowers, somewhat after the 
manner of E. tetralix, but devoid of the scattered habit 
of that plant; here the branches are very numerous, 
and all rising to nearly the same level, and each termi- 
nating in a cluster of flowers, they form a dense mass 
of bloom.. We have seen it flowering in the Botanic 
Society's Garden, Regent's Park. It only requires to 
be known to become a universal favourite with the 
cultivators of hardy plants. Described by Mr. Babing- 
ton. Hook. Brit. Fl. 207. Bab. Man. 192. 
Pl. 2901. Phaseum triquetrum (Spruce.)—A new 
Moss described by Mr. Spruce: 
Pl. 2902. Chorda lomentaria (Lyngh.)—A curious 
sea-weed, described by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley. 
uce. 
New Garden Plants. 
9. PTEROSTIGMA GRANDIFLORUM. Large flowered Wing- 
point. Greenhouse Herbaceous Plant. (Figworts). 
China. 
Received from Mr. Fortune, July 30, 1843, from Hong 
Kong, as an herbaceous plant, with blue flowers, grow- 
ing on hill sides and near streams, In its wild state 
this plant does not appear to grow more than a foot or 
18 inches high ; but in gardens it has become more 
than three feet high, the consequence of which is that 
its natural beauty has been greatly impaired. It isa 
perennial, covered all over with slender spreading hairs. 
The stems are round ; the leaves are opposite, stalked, 
ovate, crenated, very much marked with sunken veins, 
and deep green. The flowers, which are nearly as large 
as those of a Digitalis, and of the deep colour of Glox- 
inia violacea, grow singly in the axils of the leaves, than 
which they are considerably shorter. The calyx ap- 
pears to consist of seven narrow green leaves, imbricated 
at their base, but the number varies to eight ; they form 
a complete broken whorl, and may be understood to 
consist in part of bracts which stand close to the true 
sepals, and become blended with them ; of these the 
three exterior are both broader and longer than the 
others. The corolla is tubular, two-lipped, with the 
upper lip broad, ovate, blunt, and notched, while the 
lower is composed of three smaller divisions placed 
nearly on the same plane ; in this respect, however, the 
flower varies, some of the specimens having four lobes 
in the lower lip. The usual number of stamensis four, 
of which two are perfect and next the upper lip, and 
two stunted, of the same length but more slender, and 
belonging to the lower lip; when an additional lobe 
appears in the lower lip of the corolla it is accompanied 
by an additional sterile stamen, The perfect anthers 
are constructed in an unusual manner ; at the end of 
the filament is a large globular green gland,which even- 
tually shrinks up ; upon this green gland are planted 
two lobes of unequal length, bursting longitudinally. 
The style and stigma too are of a singular form, the 
former gradually widening and flattening upwards till it 
ends ina thin broad plate which curves forward an 
forms a stigma on its anterior edge. This species has 
been treated as a stove plant, but will probably prove 
hardy enough to stand in a greenhouse. It appears to 
grow freely in almost any sort of soi], especially sandy 
peat. In summer an ample supply of water is neces- 
sary, and shading in sunny weather: in consequence of 
its being subject to damp off in winter, it „will require 
to be kept rather dry for a few weeks : it is very easily 
multiplied from cuttings in the usual way. Should this 
species flower abundantly, it will be a good addition to 
our stove plants.—Journal of the Horticultural Society. 
[puma m ÀÀ— € 
Garden Memoranda. 
Major Ford's, Bodlondeb, Conway, Carnarvonshire, 
North Wales.—In the open garden here there are at 
the present time Potatoes 6 inches above the ground ; 
a dozen Early Cauliflowers have been cut this week ; 
Peas are in bloom ; Strawberries have been gathered 
| 
April. Three or four dishes of Beans were gathered 
on Christmas day, and on the 16th inst., a good dish of 
young Beans was gathered, whieh were very much 
enjoyed at dinner. The sort was the Early Mazagan ; 
it was sown in the beginning of August; a great part 
of them are still in bloom. Another row of dwarf 
Beans, sown about the middle of August, are also in 
full bloom now, and looking as well as if it were the 
middle of summer. Has anybody else experienced the 
same result from the mildness of the weather 1—R. H., 
Jan, 17, 1846. 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS. 
(For the ensuing Week.) 
Although the expediency of night covering for the 
roofs of hothouses has been frequently pointed out, and . 
pretty generally admitted, yet, little is done in that 
respect, as far as I am aware. To say that it is econo- 
I am persuaded (to puta case), that in an early Viner) 
for instance, a night temperature of 60°, or even a 
degree or two less, would perfectly suffice, and be su- 
perior to one of 65° or 70°, which is the common prac- 
tice; provided a good night covering were applied to the 
roof. Drip, it is well known, is liable to do consider- 
able mischief in the conservatory, the late Vinery, and 
other structures ; how easy then by night coverings. 
to force the accumulating atmospheric moisture to make 
its escape in the shape of vapour, at the back venti- 
lators ; instead of, as is too often the case, descending in 
a shower of drip through contact with a very cold roof. 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVES, &c. 
Conservatory.—Keep a mild and sweet atmosphere. 
If any plant becomes foul with insects, remove it imme- 
diately, to be thoroughly cleaned ; no course of culture 
will suffice, without thorough cleanliness. S/ove.— Now 
is an excellent time to repot such of the Orchids as 
require it. If you have not yet prepared the neces- 
sary material, do it forthwith ; few days only is re- 
quired to this end. Abundance of peat, cut into cubes, 
varying from 1l inch to 2 inches ; fresh sphagnum and 
charcoal in lumps, with abundance of crocks, should 
be all at hand. I half char my peat, and soak my 
sphagnum in boiling water, to destroy insects. Com- 
mence potting those showing signs of growth, and follow 
up in this order. Geranium House.—Slightly increase 
the quantity of water now—fumigate, if a single fly 
appear, give plenty of air, but beware of cold draughts. 
Mixed Greenhouse.—Cut down, number, and remove 
decayed Chrysanthemums ; let them go dry in a cold 
pit. Cinerarias, which are cramped in their pots, may 
soon have a shift; likewise Chinese Primroses for 
spring work. Forcing Pits.—Introduce bulbs, Roses, 
Pinks, American shrubs, Lilacs, &c., in steady succes- 
sion. Keep up a bottom heat of 75°, and an ave- 
rage surface temperature of 602 at night, and 70° 
y day, with air occasionally. Cold Frames or Pits.— 
Begin to water slightly those stores that appear to be 
suffering for want of that element. Introduce stock of 
choice Verbenas, Heliotropes, Petunias, aad other stores 
intended for dress beds or borders, to some warm and 
light situation in the houses or pits at work, in order 
to produce abundance of early cuttings. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING: 
Pineries.—Those which are up ‘or rising should 
have plenty of atmospheric moisture ; few allow suffi- 
cient. Allow a powerful heat on sunny days, a little 
syringing also, about once or twice a week, between 
their stems. Let 80° of bottom heat be your maxi- 
mum at present. Hamilion’s System.— Do not disturb 
the plants till February, although in a bottom heat of 
only 70°. Barly Vinery.—Let thermometer be 702 by 
day, 602 by night. Continue steady disbudding. Stop 
the shoots as they advance, at the joint above the fruit. If 
the lower part of the house be deficient of wood, select 
some well placed budsas they break, to fill the vacancy 5 
and suffer them to ramble considerably without stopping 
—they willsoon furnish the gapsagain, by acquiring more 
strength. Peach House.—Air freely all day, withalively 
temperature of 60°, sinking low at night. If the trees 
are nearly done blooming batter them with the syringe 
about four o'elock in the afternoon. Commence dis- 
budding as soon as the shoots are long enough ; removing 
a small quantity daily. Cherry House.— A mild and 
hat moist phere i ything. Air,whenin 
flower, similar to Peaches ; let the temperature be, how- 
ever, 5° less even in the day. See that the roots are in 
a proper state ofmoisture, Figs.—Syringe morningand 
evening. Thermometer 65° or 70° by day ; 55° or 60° 
by night. eware of any extreme at the root. Continue 
to introduce Mint, Sorrel, Tarragon, &c. in heat. Kid- 
ney Beans are best planted four in a 5-inch pot, * stop- 
ped,” and suffered to become stiff and firm; then 
shifted finally into full-sized pots ; after which give liquid 
manure constantly. Cucumbers in Frames.—Sow suc- 
cessions of choice kinds in case of failure. Pot off young 
stock betimes, and top them when established in their 
pots, as soon as the rough leaf is somewhat unfolded. 
Take care that the new made bed is absolutely sweet, 
and that no gross steam can enter from the linings. 
ay a thick turf under each hill, and in making the 
hills confine them as much as possible to the centre of 
the light, in order to be able, if necessary, to apply 
water to the dung between the hills, which should be 
done frequently, the oftener the better. Ifthe dung 
should not have been sufficiently fermented apply hot 
water if at hand; it will hasten the decomposition. 
Give air night and day, and in order to be able to do 
so, keep powerful linings and water them frequently ; 
