a 
72 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
soil; let the seeds be pressed rather firmly and merely 
covered with soil; finally, add a thin coat of Sphagnum, 
or other Moss, to teract sudden fl ions of atmo- 
spheric moisture, Examine carefully trellis plants in 
pots; those which have received considerable rest, and 
are required to flower in good time, should now be 
pruned, disrooted (if necessary), and started on a mild 
bottom heat, if possible, Some of the Passifloras, such 
as kermesina and Loudoni, and such plants as Ipomooa 
ficifolia, Pergularia odoratissima, &c., &c., will answer 
well, treated in this way. Stores of hybrid Roses in- 
tended for growing in pots, for a late display, may now 
be potted off singly, using one half unctuous loam, the 
other half leaf soil and manure, with charcoal dust. 
If a warm and moist heat can be obtained, intro- 
duce some of your best Fuchsias intended for speci- 
mens and for propagation. Keep a mild atmosphere 
in the mixed greenhouse, and beware of too much 
night heat. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pinery—The time is now approaching in which a 
thorough revision of the whole stock is considered 
necessary, under the old system. See that tan is ready, 
L'aves, or other fermenting material ; also turfy, mellow 
loams. In the mean time, persist in the routine of 
ractiee before recommended ; keep early fruiters in a 
lively atmosphere, “stretching a point” in regard to 
temperature and moisture on bright days ; soon in the 
afternoon, take away all air, and use much moisture. 
I hope to be able to furnish, frequently, details of the pro- 
cesses necessary under Mr. Hamilton’s system, at proper 
periods; for I have no doubt that as Mr. H.’s principles 
become generally known, they will beas generally adopted. 
e says “that to commence his system, two or three 
suckers should beleft on each plant; it seldom, how- 
ever, occurs that all will make equal progress ; when 
one takes a decided lead it generally matures its fruit 
without being robbed by the others. i 
eut, however, one of the others will generally take the 
lead, and this, for the most part, will be the one that 
In eutting the 
takes the most perpendicular direction. 
fruit be careful not to damage the leaves ; no one will 
ever excel whois careless in this point." 
early blossoms begin to open, reduce the amount of atmo- 
spheric moisture in a considerable degree. 
the next morning at daylight. 
ding to the directi i 
o 
hurry is "requisite in order to produce fruit at a 
—if such it must be ealled—a mild soft day in a 
Frames or Pits.—See to your frame for 
genial April. 
early Cucumbers ; if the dung is sufficiently worked 
build the bed forthwith. Place brushwood a foot deep 
at the bottom, and introduce more about three-parts the 
way upwards, if you ean ; it will facilitate the junetion 
of the back and front linings, on which I would direct the 
chief reliance to be placed. Use well-wrought dung for 
outsides of the bed, and fill up the interior with an older 
and weaker material, such as half-spent leaves, &c. 
Strawberries, Kidney Beans, &c. &e., as before. 
FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, 
Grass lawns will be now much benefited by a 
thorough rolling, as also gravel walks. Examine all 
belts about the suburbs of the kitchen garden, or 
otherwise ; remove deciduous trees where they injure 
the best Evergreens, and introduce Hollies, or trees of 
|l ted 
permanent character in blanks. Stake 
When the fruit is 
Here then we 
seo the benefit of a tank system, on which Mr. H. would 
be desirous to base his plans. Early Vinery.— When the 
Keep lively 
fires in the morning, with a free circulation of air (not 
cold draughts), and shut up early in the afternoon with 
a temperature of 859 if solar heat; if not, be content 
with 75 degrees at shutting up time, sinking to 65? by 
Peach-house.—Proceed 
last Calendar ; if any 
iven 
period, let the hurry by all means take place during the 
course of an unclouded atmosphere ; more especially by 
closing the house early ; any attempt at rapid progress 
during night, or a deficiency of light, will inevitably end 
in disappointment, Figs.—Follow up former directions, 
and steer a somewhat medium course between the 
Vinery and Peach-house; inclining to the former. 
Oherries.— Imitate in the general course of forcing 
paint, or nearly so, and draw a stripe with the brush be- 
tween every two shoots. I have followed this plan for 
seven years, and the red spider never troubles me. 
Keep an eye to Gooseberry buds: country folks here 
tie feathers over the bushes, to keep the birds away. 
Try to fit up a few warm slopes with hoops and mat 
coverings, to receive the early Potatoes, &e. Hoe 
through and clean all Winter Spinach, or other stand- 
ing erops; put down scrapers where necessary, and 
top dress alleys or back walks with spare cinder ashes; 
which make an excellent and dry walk. My plan is to 
dig first, and then lay on the dressing. If birds attack 
your Peas, a little Wheat steeped in nux vomica will 
rid you of them; the process, however, is somewhat 
dangerous. Spring Broccoli now coming,such as Grange's 
or Knight’s protecting, should be protected. I push a 
handful of soft hay amongst the leaves. Plant out 
August sown Onions for early bulbs, the ground heing 
highly manured, and the drills very shallow, about 
8 inches apart. Drain walks where necsssary ; there 
should be a drain down the middle, with branches into 
it, having grids at the sides. 
COTTAGERS’ GARDEN. 
The cottager’s leisure hours should be occupied in 
collecting together all ditchings, road scrapings, and other 
refuse matters to improve his soil; what other folks 
call rubbish, will be to him a valuable manure, if hus- 
banded aright. He should take care that his dung heap 
is secure at bottom by means of puddling or otherwise; 
and an eseape drain should be provided at one end (the 
lowest) with a perfect stopper, so that in the case of 
abundance of manure water, through rains or other- 
wise, the cottager could draw off the surplus into a 
sunken pit (water-proof), and by means of a water 
barrow apply it to his grain crops, or cow pasture. 
Consult the Kitchen Garden Calendar for information 
on other matters. 
FORESTING. 
It is a well known fact that no woody crop pays better 
than a plantation of Willows, rightly managed, on soils 
adapted for their cultivation. Almost any swamp will 
suit them of a sufficient depth of soil, provided the sur- 
plus water be carried off, and for this open drains will 
suffice. The Huntingdon and common Hoop Willow 
are the best kinds for profit, and may be cut every three 
or four years. The ditch side of the cottage, in all 
marshy situations, ought to be lined with them, whilst 
Birch for besoms is equally valuable on uplands. The 
soil for Willow grounds should be well trenched, and if 
shallow or very wet, thrown up in raised beds. Esta- 
blished plants should be dug through at least every 
ten years, and the young pl ion kept p Jarly 
clean. Now isa good time for planting them. 
—— 
observedat the Horticultural G: hii 
Moon's| Banomnrzn, | T) 
Btate of the Weather near London, for the weel ir dis ey 29,1846, as 
ic] 
. |-Aze- Max. | Min. | 
Frid. 23 25 29.223 | 29.154 
Sat. g4 | 96 | 29.644 | 29.330 | 
Sun. 25 | 27 | 99339 | 29.118 
Mon. 96 28 242 | 29 168 
ues. 27 29.624 | 29.359 
ed. 28 L 99.584 | 29.894 
Thurs, 29 9 | 29.780 | 29.344 
Average 29.462 | 29.270 | 64.1) 40.8| 47.5 1.49 
Jan. 23—Overcast; heavy showers 
21 H»zy and mild; fine: 
ly overcast 
$5: overcast; drizzly 
25—Partially overcast; showery; fine; very heavy rain at night 
$7—Glenr; cloudy; rain at nig! 
28—Rain; cloudy ; very high tide in the Thames; clear. 
ean temperature of the week 9 deg. above the average. ^ 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
ensuing Week ending Feb. 7, 1846. 
| " Prevailing Winds. 
ves. ATE, ANSE, [Mean DENN 
vb. |Highest| Lowest ja 
Temp.| Temp. |^ ^P | Rained. d 
Sun. 1 42.3 81.0 | 36.6 12 
Mon. 2 414 20.5 36.9 aj 1 
Tues. 3| 43.8 818 | 87.5 2| 2 
Wed. 4 436 820 | 33.3 3\— 
Thur. 5 43.5 809 | 37.2 2| 4 
Pri. 6 44.7 319 | 38.8 3|1 
šate 7 46.3 33.6 | 39.9 4|s 
trees carefully; tbe harm done for want of this is 
immense. roeure Rose stocks, and plant them in 
lines on highly manured ground, in the kitchen, or re- 
serve garden ; the Boursault is understood to be one 
of the best stocks for early Roses. 
KITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
As the season has proved so mild, it will be rather 
difficult to get manure on the ground where necessary ; 
and few things injure soils more for gardening opera- 
tions than whecling in wet weather. As soon as the 
ground is dry, therefore, let this part of the business 
be forwarded as much as possible for all spring 
Whe: ng will have to lay on the surface until 
, it should be soiled over immediately, or the 
drying winds will steal its properties. As soon as the 
blossom buds can be distinguished of the Apricots, the 
trees should be pruned, and nailing completed. The 
eggs of the caterpillar, which so much infests them in 
the ieaf, should be hunted for, and destroyed ; they are 
deposited in circular groups on the branches, of about 
the size of a Parsnip seed, and look somewhat like it, 
having the appearance of being pasted on; they are 
thus readily destroyed: the trees must have protection 
forthwith. Take care to secure bundles of the main 
twigs of Apple prunings; give them a tie at each 
end, and throw them in some dry place; they 
are very useful through the summer. Get Peaches 
and Neetarines pruned and nailed as soon as possible ; 
As soon as nailed, soak the trees and wall with soap- 
suds, and when dry take a bowl of sulphur mixtur 
re, 
viz., sulphur blended with soft soap water, until thick as 
The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 4th 
and 5th, 1833—therm, 56°; and the lowest on the 10th, 1890—therm. 10% 
Notices to Correspondents. 
are requested, will haye them sent free by post. 
1841—1, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 28,24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 
80, 31, 32, 34. 
EET. 6, 8, 11, 12, 16, 18, 28, 24, 25, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 42, 
0, 91, 52. 
1813—10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 
28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 48, 
1844—All but Nos. 36, 46, and 50. 
1845—All but Nos. 24, 34, and 45. 
The Reprint of Mr. PAXTON’S COTTAGERS’ CALENDAR 
is now ready, price 3d. each copy. An index has been 
added to this presentedition. Parties wishiug to have copies 
for distribition among their tenantry can have them atthe 
rate of 25 for 5s. 
ARRACACHA— We are obliged to postpone our remarks on this 
subject, from want of room. 
Boox8— T P—Macintosh’s “Flower Gardener.” Trap woodlice 
on a Mushroom-bed by placing a boiled Potato in some dr; 
ay in a flower-pot examining it frequently and killing those 
collected.f 
Bvpprxo—J J G—The American mode of “ Shield budding” 
has been successfully practised in the case of Peaches and 
Nectarines, as well as other fruit-trees. I| 
CHARCOAL—A B—Soft-wooded plants make the best charcoal. 
Pile the branches neatly in a large heap; cover it over with 
sods, leaving a hole at the top and another at the bottom ; 
light it at the latter, and when fairly in a blaze stop the two 
holes, and watch the heap to see that no flames burst through 
the sides. Sawdust will not form a good plunging material 
to place over the slate covers of your tank. 
Em 
in the first instance: but ca: 
be had cheaper that we know of. Ver; 
sold by the importers of foreign glass; itis not worth their 
while to import them, nor anybody's to use them. The English 
the necessity of the case could have justified. 
Hyacinrus—L B N—Nothing is better than three wires passed 
through the sides of the Hyacinth jar, as in Hunt's manu- 
facture, or secured to a hoop on the jar, and by another near 
their end. 
InsEcts—S f" W—The scales from your Peach-tres are a female 
Coccus, which should be scraped off before the spring, when 
the young will hatch, and the trunks may be serubbed with 
soft soap, or washed over with lime, soot, and clay, made 
into the consistency of paint. 72. 
MinrrIA—Subscriber—We cannot answer legal questions. Con- 
You may, with propriety, cover the flue with a few inches of 
soil, and by keeping this moist an arid temperature will not 
AMES OF PLANTS—.J W G—2 seems to be Asplenium maderense. 
Lis probably A. Filix femina, in a seedling state and growing 
in a hothouse; but neither is in fructification.——Clericus— 
regret to Say we are unable to recognise your plant in its 
present state. Houseleck is the most cooling leaf which can 
now be procured, 
PAWLOVNIA IMPERIALIs—R W—Itis perfectly hardy. It requires 
the same treatment as any common shrub. It must have 
a very warm summer to prepare its flowers in. As to culti- 
vation you have nothing to do but to plantit; avoid, how- 
ever, too rich and moist a soil. 
Pran-rnEEs—Due attention being paid to summer pruning, any 
kind of Pear may be trained in the dwarf form. || 
POLMAISE—W C E- tless your plan will be a great im- 
provement ; but it will not be Polmaise. It will probably be 
found that the old-flued greenhouses may be readily converted 
into Polmaise houses at very small cost, because the 
tiles will make the drains ; but wait a little until more light 
has been thrown on the subject of the best 
flues will be warm enou; 
cloth. elieve it is of little importance whether good 
coals are left exposed to the air or not; but some inferior 
kinds fall to powder under such circumstances, and cannot 
be afterwards used —A Gardener—We are quite unable to 
i You should mention the 
u mean 
what Grass seeds should be sown for the lawn? or what Y 
Apply to Austin and Co., New Road, London, 
8 An Irish d eaks in high terms of 
Nettleton's stove. n any one inform us in what respect it 
is better than a good well-managed Arnott ? 
Tuer Dupaim—W B H—You had better put your plant into a 
large pot, deep, and full of peat and loam in equal propor- 
tions. In the summer, place it in the full sun, under a south. 
wall; in winter, remove it to a cold pit, or, if you have the 
tion. 
Traininc—An Amateur Gardener—Pears and Apples against 
walls are best trained horizontally. For stone fruits, such 
as Peaches, Nectarines, Apricots, Cherries, and Plums, the 
fan mode of training is to be preferred. || 
WAKING APPARATUS— Taitus— Take a mould candle which will 
will drop into the basin. 
manage matters skilfully. E 
Misc—A Subsoriber—Catch the great dog and chain him up in 
magistrate, or—shoot him.——Feliz—The Paper is publishe! 
on Saturday mornin; G—The Ash-leaved Kidney 
Potato may be cut in sets without any danger of their 
‘ailing in consequence, if be done judi 
after having been kept one or two year: nts are 
not technically classed by their duration; such arrange- 
ments are mere gardeners’ contrivances. Properly speaking 
t.——S E N—Many thanks, Your 
s,——A B— 
and keep it in the damp air of an Epiphyte-house; or, if yo 
prefer it, place it upon a turf of peat from which the Grass 
has been removed.——. th the Junipers to 
ts. We are not aware of an; 
—You will find that there is damag: 
is the best time for performing the operation. 
+,” Asusual, many communications have been received too late, 
and others are unayoidably detained till the necessaryinquiries 
can be made. We must also beg for the indulgence of those 
numerous correspondents, the insertion of whose interesting 
contributions is still delayed, 
