94 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
[Fzs. 7, 
not lower than 70 at night to swell the seed and bring 
itto perfection. The variability of our climate, and the 
long continuance of the easterly winds in spring, pre- 
cludes all idea of ever introducing Indian corn into our 
fields as agricultural produce, returning a remuneration 
to the farmer; even with artificial raising, the after 
risk is too great to under take its culture.—JoAn E. 
Rolis, jun., in the Farmers’ Journal, 
Theory of Manuriig.—li is at present a matter in 
dispute, whether animal and vegetable substances should 
be placed on the land while undergoing decay, or after 
their decay is complete ; whether the ammonia and 
other produets of décomposition which, during decay, 
escape into the air, be useful or not to the crops if 
placed upon the land? The decision of this question 
is of the greatest importance to the farmer, as it would 
teach him the best and most economical method of em- 
ploying the manure of his yards, and probably show him 
whence he may draw a supply independent of foreign 
importation. An element, which chemists call nitrogen, 
is found to be a constant and necessary part of Wheat 
and other grain, and, indeed, of almost every crop. The 
inquiry for men of science is, whence do plants derive itt 
If this were ascertained, it would be of great advantage 
to the farmer, as they could at once tell him many 
things which he would like to know, respecting manures, 
and “which would be of far more value, because uni- 
versally true, than the experience of any man, since the 
most extensive experience is, after all, only partial and 
limited. — Proposal for establishing a College of 
——— ‘Ue 
A Table, showing the Weight of à Bushel and Quarter of Grain, 
and the Value of. tue Quarter according to its weight, varying 
rom 2d. to 2d. per 1b. ; also the value of a cwt. after the same 
| | 8| 6| 2 
= | igo | 
Te | | 
Elis: o atr at Abb ad ole Ecc eos 
HEENA iride. ris am A PA uo 
"| 2| 9|29|39 2 FEE S $i9|39 
eres] Bey SL Sl Biel ey elle 
She Bie, CAEN NM RENE: $| 8313 
SE EEE E RJE E] EEE 
Sal, | ; Ale 
JEDE 1$| de [te] 1] 18 | te 20. 
|| s. d. ls. d. ls. d.i. d.| s. d. s. d.a. d. s. d, 
022 1088 041 244 447 650 8 
E 929 042 345 648 952 9 
840043 446 850034 
045 649 052 6 
046 750 253 95 
047 851 455 058 
048 pe Bre i 
1055 1161 066 p i 6 381 
36 2 A 
6336. 031636 942 047 3m 657 9/63 0/68 E 
6126 832037 442 848 053 458 8/64 069 in 880 085 
6537 232 637 1143 448 954 259 765 070 575 1081 3.86 
112112 07 0 8 2/9 410 611 812 1014 0115 216 207 618 g 
: SEE 
COR D oe onih o c» O 0P o wi o ow» c 0o 
CALENDAR OF. $ OPE RATIONS. 
The chief points for EE Wes xd the month of February 
the management of live stock and manure, the manuring 
of Grass lands, the sowing of Tares, Beans, and Oats, prepara ar 
tion of a land intended for Corto ots, Parsnips, 
Besides this, too, the Market Operatio: of th nonth. pti 
ne of imj mporta: nce. Boths esp and cattle that have been 
feeding all winter will be getting on towards readiness for the 
fer, 
Management of Live Stoo ‘The bran Wee extracts which have 
been a published in this Gazette, 'ar more Sape ed 
on this point dal ee statements founded merely on our o 
experience. The first is descriptive of the OR A rearing 
calves in the Gibusestershize dairy the’ calf i; 
removed from the cow at six or eight days ol, ae ided the 
dam be a cow, and not a heifer; but if a eifer the calf is 
allowed to remain about a fortnight, as ne "calf renders her 
easier to milk afterwards. t a week old, calves are 
allowed each two quarts of milk twice a day. Nothing else is 
given till they are about "be months old, except hay, whieh 
they Ero id eat well ata very early age, say three weeks, 
‘wo months old aes consume a good quantity of hay, and 
then we reduce the two quarts of milk to one, and add two 
uarts of water, which makes a mixture of three quarts, as of 
course they re uire more to drink when théy 
At about 10 weeks old they nae turned to Beatty and the milk 
is entirely discontinued 35 d$ ees, Itis notdesirable that the 
heifer should aes her inc alt except for the limited period 
d; she should be made quiet for milking as soon 
n pane, and this euet is defeated by allowing the calf to 
econd extract i UE same branch of the subject 
mall be faker from a paper b; . Wilson inthe Transactions 
of the Highland Society “On Hearing Cattle with a view to 
Early eed It describes the practice prevalent in Ber- 
“It is desirable to have all the cows to calve 
TS RE 1 and cs Lr If earlier, they will get 
ere it receives a 
on of ‘its own mother’s first milk. For a fortnight new 
milk is the only food suitable for it, and of this it should receive 
a liberal allowance twice a day ; but means should after this 
b to eat linseed cake and sl te Swedish. 
and the readiest way to do so is to a bit of cake 
into its mouth immediately ge getting its mili, asit am then 
Suck greedily at oes ng i can get hold of. By repeatin 
this a few times, 
will usually take PA this food freely, and whenever this i: 
the case it should have as muchas it can take, go that its | Ne 
allowance of milk may be diminished to meet the neces 
athe younger ealves which are coming in succession. This i 
the greater importance that it is always most desirable to 
A ERE anything with ed milk by way o of helping the 
quantity. When a substitute must be resor Kis S 
porridge, mixed with the new milk, is ats! “the 
sour ventus found in the calf-house when iure 
or jelly of any kind is mixed with the milk, is proof. sufficient 
that indigestion is the consequence. ut into each 
calf’s allowance, and mixed with the milk by Pu ise with the 
hai is a good help and never does harm ; but, with this ex- 
ce »ption, it is best to give milk warm and unadulterate d, how- 
ever small the quantity, and along with this dry farinaceous 
food— Turnips and hay ad lib. If more liquid be needed, a pail 
with water may be put within their reach, as this does not dia- 
duce the bad effects of mixed milk. Indeed, it is best to keep as 
ve as posyp P thenstore arrangement according to which 
the cal at first duet and then at longer 
intervals, as it GIES able to eat the same food as er 
dam. The diet of the cows at this eot is a matter of some 
consequence. Swedish Turnips yield the richest milk, but it 
is too scanty, and calves fed on it are liabl o inflammatory 
attacks, Globe Turnips should, therefore, fora thelr principal 
food during the spring mon: Care should also have been 
xm that they do not get tins low in condition in the autumn 
and for this end it is wen to put them dry at least 
fhrea months before ca ving. Some may think this nf but 
A l'he 
cows, when dry, are kept at less expense, and by th: penod of 
rest their piak is invigorated, greater TERR done to 
the foetus now rapidly advancing to maturity, Wu i much 
more milk obtained p calving, when it is T 
We postpone t st of Mr. Wilson's statement til ater inthe 
spring, when it will be pide onabl 
Notices to Correspondents, 
Cexents—X X X asks ifa good deal floor once used as a 
granary will answer for a malting room in the stages for the 
growth of the Corn, and will it be advisable to glaze it sies 
with marine glue, or cover it over with any, and what 
cheap cements ? 
Foon ror Horses—k V R—By all means: Oat chaff from the 
winnowing machine may be 2 to horses, Youmay plant 
Potatoes at the usual tim m sowing, only a little 
deeper than usual. canal adopt the practice HAC 
this year, and will detail the process at the proper tim 
GaAs Liquor—J L asks for the e n is any one ‘of our 
eaders on this manure. He l find all e know about it 
das this potion, in a back Number x this Rd "s Papers. 
Guano—J C—Apply 3 cwt. of Peruvi of African, 
Eas acre; and if your water cart will Satter "do sages of 
water per acre, just mix that quantity of guano with that 
quantity of water. 
HAND Distre —Aleph— We do not know Newberry’s hand 
dibble ; but we should not consider any boasi hand-dibble 
enough for the corn planting on a farm of 70 acres. 
is cultivated in some Se of Dorsetshire. 
‘ou use arsenic take care 
that itis not applied too strong. An ounce of arsenic will be 
sufficient for six or eight quarts of water. Bigg’s composi- 
Sut for dipping sheep is a safer apponi, applied freely 
from a ladle or other vessel. an gi s. of the com- 
Poton for 2s. 6d., by Applying at 15, Ee wail atréee Port- 
C—The z alue of the meal may be gathered from 
the analysis at p. 10 (1845), Ag. Gazette. The oil remains in 
the meal 
Sow AND en J L—Give her Oatmeal,that is better than Lin- 
seed in this case, and whey in abundance, and Potatoes.— 
We should mix the soil with the leaves before Aa eee it.— 
You had better, under the circumstances, either sow a thin 
ERAS Hi Barley with your Grass seeds, or one bushel of 
Rye per a 
Cen ups or Lrwe—Jf Y—You will see further refer- 
ence to this subject in another column, and we will shortly 
publish a RS SS y Mr. Pusey, who has written on it in 
the current Number of the “Agricultural Society’s Journal.” 
You wl sin "this manure mentioned our advertising 
sonum 
subject). Can any one answer this „question ? Turnips 
ste. 
For T Pigeon—Feed them at use in 
their house with Tares, Vetches, Peas, or small Beans. 
You mney ese feathers of one wing if the place is strange 
to the 
ro MEASURE MANUR Y Tremerner—Our carts will contain 
om an average, 14 Site yards of manure each, 2. e. 120 cubic 
yards are equal b 100 loads. You must ascertain what 
yours hold by a day's observation, and then calculate 
, Accordingly. 
munications reaching town after Wednesday, cannot 
EDS answered the same week. 
dWtarhkets. 
SMITHFIELD, Monpay, Feb, 2.—Per stone of 8 lbs. 
po Boats, Herefordas, to: Pirie ae Best. Dorana gn ati breds 53 2to 
Kori dx 2| Best Long-w 
Segona ley Beasts 3 0 3 
5s 6 
5 2 
Event fecond quality 44 48 
88 50 
AA 0805 Saves au ess 
E supply of Beasts i» very shore to-day, aui we have a'cotisequeht. ad 
Evoryihing Js readily dental of una io ome dares 
ante chin our highe: i i 
tles- Sheep are remi ark scarce and dear.— Good. Veal is scarce and dear, 
— Pork trade is better. 
Y, Bu. 6. 
We have rather a full market of Beasts to day—we. notice a very large 
eign, several of which were inverided for last Monday, Dat 
"The wate for Beef has received a considerable check, and 
p Scots, Se, make 4s 4d, and Short horns 4s 5 
thes qnalitles suffer in like proportion, bnt al ev nd ng is sold.— 
Although the 
as dear as 
D 2 
Cait is making very nearly 6 rk 4: 
me sta, 092; Sheep, 3000; Calves, 1943 Pigs o 
E West Smithfela. 
- POTAT ES: OUT: dicc WATERSIDE, Feb. 2, 
The supply to this market since this 
from the northern districts, but in vea of th 
plete 
eds, from 8a to 130s per ton ; ditto Regents, 80s to 110a per. 
per ton, but inferior samples af e 
opting. at low prices, a good many rooms 
E 50s wo 80s per ton; the last 
rims Masa.tay 90eto 958| New Huy’ —sto —e | Newer. 
Tal New & Rowan 0 Clover 90 10:116. | Stew 
and pk dd a few pieces in its rode it | Fine Old Hay - 
0 
Coorzn, Salesman. 
CUMBERLAND MARKET, Feb. 5. 
Prime Mend. Hay S0to 93+ Old Clover 110s to 115e 
Thferiov Inferior do, 95 — 104 | Straw 
New Hay i 
83s to 368 
Josnva Baxur, Hay Salesman. 
WHITECHAPEL, Fe 
B0s%0 908) Old Clover 100s tot 
7% Infr. 70 Straw 283 to 34s 
New Clover — 
Reig Hay 
ay 
COVENT-GARDEN, FEB. een consequence of the extreme 
er of the weather the market has been, generally speak- 
I supplied, especially with vegetables ; trade, however, 
is. far from hang risk. No al toration i taken place in the 
pera and although not very olen, are sufficient for the 
demand. Good samples of the Easter Beurré and Beurré 
Rance Pears may be met UN Apples consist of Non- 
pareils and the Newtown Pippin, the best specimens 
former bringing from 7s. to 21s. a bushel. Little 
alteration has taken place in the prices of vegetables, As- 
paragus, considering the season, is Epod Pow pnm 
and abundance of “good Seakale may be obtained at lasi 
week's prices. The supply of Broccoli, Brussels Shidni 
and other winter Greens; is good ; White wr from Corn- 
wall is plentiful, and fetches from Is, to 4s, per Serer heads. 
French Beans have not altered in price since last w 
has Rhubarb, which is good in quality and suficient do the 
considerably reduced. ' 
but there is as ye tle dido orit. 
Salading are good dun plentifal. Cut Flowers chiefly colles 
of Euphorbias, Heaths, Hyacinths, Tulips, Poinsettia pul« 
cherrima, Jasmines, Lily of the Valley, Camellias, Azaleas, 
acias, Cyclamens, Daphnes, Orange flowers, Cinerarias, Gar~ 
moi and Roses, 
FRUITS 
Lemons, ner dozen, 1s to 3s 
per 100, 6s to 168 
es p perloi 4s 
rapis viles per Ib. oe to 6r 
h, per 1b., d to 1s 
È HAN p. lb., 14 to 3s io 
Apples, Dess., per bush., 7s to 12 Filborts, gii ; p. 100 o 558 
— Kitchen, 3s to 7s » Cob, per 100 1bs., 508 Hy Te 
Oranges, per dozen, 9d to 28 -~ Barcelona, 2 
er 100, 4s to 145 — Brazil, 16r 
— Seville, per 100, 8s to 168” -= Spanish, 1 
— per dozen, 2s to 2s 6d Chesnuts, per peck, 4s to 8s 
Pears, per hfnsy., 6; 
viduis 6s to 15s 
Cabbages, per doz., 6d to 1s Parsni zin per doz., 3d to 14 
red, per doz. 2s to 05 Scorzonera, per bundle, ts to 1s 8d 
Brussels Sprouts, p. hf. Salsify, do,, 1s to 1s Gd 
Oys, per doz., 6d to nions, per bushel 1 166) to Bi 
Broccoli, B Brora: pen bale 6dtoliüd | — plakling, per > ds to 38 
ite, 91 to 2s 64 Spanish, per d Ox, getooi 
Greens, yen binches,!s 6d to às Shallo Aves r Ibe e, 6d ti 
ad 
nice perlb., 6d to a 
dive, per score, 6d ti 
Potatoes, Berton, 70s to 1608 Lettuce, per score, [n “adto 6d 
- » 5s to Bs s Ee 
Radishes, per 1 ed 
Mushrooms, "s pottle, La to Y a 
Small Salads, per puni 
bushel, 2e 6dto 4e 
Kidney, per bushel, 3e to 4s 
turnips, per doz.,le to 
Carrots, per doz. bchs., Savi 
Horse Radish, per inal. ied to 6s | Thyme, per bunch, 4d 
Wcercrese, p. 12 sm, 
Parsley, per | ine 
Leeks, per doz. bunches, le $ 90 
Celery, per bunch, 6d to le 6d. 
Cardoons, each, 6d to 9d 
HOPS, FRIDAY, F eb. 
The market continues in the same unsettled st 
will remain so until after Sir R. Peel 
iy CLANE, M s Fel 
The supply of T tnglish Wheat diss morning by land carriage 
samples was moderate, goo od dry qualities command an ad- 
vance of 1s. to 2s. per quarter, but we f sinbi any improve- 
ment in damp or out of condition samples. Free Foreign sells 
readily at late prices. Bonded is inquired after by consumers, 
but we did not hear of any sales worth noticing. Barley is 1s. 
er qr. cheaper. Beans and Grey Peas are a dull sale ; Awhite 
rather morein demand. The Oat trade is heavy, and having a 
fair arrival of. etam with a few Irish, the former have de- 
clined be E quarter. 
as last week, and no doubt 
pins ave dip ied of 
MC Ac Suren, Hop- Factors. 
Ss [^ IMPERIAL QUARTER. 8, 8. $, 5 
Wheat, Haren, K and Suffolk .  . White 58 66 Red . 60 62 
Neale, Lincolushice, and Yorke 50 63 White 69 68 
Barley, Maiting and distilling 31 to34s Chevalier e Grind. $7 99 
Feed 22 2% 
Onti jincolnshire and Yorkshire . + Poland 
mberland and Scotch . 7. Potato 94 98 
— dr im E B Potato 98 
Malt, pale, ship Fai 
Darter TBE 3 ORL 
ye Lud 
Beans, Mazagan, ‘old and new ` 28 to 40 
Pig 
Harr E 
eon, Heligoland 95 to 46 Longpodag 96 
Grey — 928 
White 38 to 42 32 
Annryans IN THE RIVER DAST WEEK, 
Wht. | Barl, Oats Rye: | Bns, Peas 
DD D Si — Brls.| 6128| 9518 564; 18 1077 950 
ris — a — Scam eum. je a 
Foreign. — s» 8440 4 | 0902 sena | — (s7748 | — | 1997 | 1050 
Frivay, Fe T 
There Mere a few samples of Eng Wheat fresh up for this 
morning’s market, the sale of SEEN was barely so good as on 
Monday ; old and Free Foreign were amien affected, owing 
to the Minister’s intention of allowing Grain to pay 
the duty under the new scale after the Passing Sof the first reso- 
lution, subject to the usual guara the same cause 
as given rise to a slightly Rec inqui ry for bonded 
Wheat, and in some instances rather enhanced terms were ob- 
tained, Pei Mena ee notextensive. Barley of all sorts is 
s EU perp in 
T 
value, The Oat 
Wheat Oats Flour 
English . o 4120 1000 7980 4980 Ske 
righ e 3300 - 
Foreign . + 7190 15679 - 
IMPERIAL AYESAQES, 
Wheat, | Barley.) Oats, Rye. | Beans.) Peas.) 
Deo Si per gum. Shs 4e) gus Tal Saroa) ah gal am ed) s9104 
Jan. ES 1| 8r 22 #3 6| 37 9 | 39 li 
E 1 3 
es 1| 56 aj s110| 21 9 | 3211| 36 a | 3811 
= i7 $ .| 53 2| arar] 92 3| 84 35 9| 39 8% 
zooms s | BT B ssi ap B 20 1) ns 8 
= a.. .j|5 8| a1 8j 2110| 820 35 6| 35 s} 
6 weeks! Aggreg: Aver. | 55 6| s110| 23 3| 54 1| s610 | 98 3 
Duties on ForeigniGrain 17 n| 7 ol @ ol sel a ej 48 
Diagram showing the fluctuations in the price of Corn on the average of the 
six weeks ending Saturday, Jan. Bl. - 
Paice, Duo. #7 | Jand | Jaw.10 | Jaw.]7 | JAN. S4 | Jane an EET Jam. 20) 
59s 4d | 
— 0 
58 6 | 
57 11 | 
-0 
65 3 psan 
ar | 5 
Co 7 i e g ee 
EE isl 
54 8 | 
SEEDS, 
iy — perqr 44sto 528] Lowel ake Porte ton 8i E to A 
ish. 
= per cwt 48 50 | Mustard, White - 
— Foreign -= - bod 
A Wi English <= Rerereed, English orta 36i mom 
M. 2 
Goriander” d E, 5.10: «as a cs 
ipsee n 86 6 | Tares, Eng. eem gd 
Dime, s E s od p 7s hac inier p: banhe gel 
'efol] 
=- A Eng. per 1000. Tu To Turnip (too "ptis for EI 
