THE A 
SRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
[Fes. 14, 
all of them being early Yorks and planted at the same 
time ; that. of the rows 10, 11, 12—the plants in 12 
(without) decidedly the best ; these being late Yorks, 
and that 2 of 12, the only ones ready, ought to be cut. 
l4th July, 1 in 10 (within), eut; 15th July, 2in 11 
(without) cut. Wequite agree with Dr. Fyfe in gathering 
from these results the conclusion that the wire embrac- 
ing the plants had no influence in promoting vegetation. 
But besides Dr. Forster's plan of Electro-Cultwre, Dr. 
Fyfe tried the influence of a current of galvanic elec 
tricity on growing plants, and he gives in full detail the 
history of sundry Peas, Beans, Onions, Potatoes, and 
Cresses, certain parts being galvanised, and others left 
untouched ; but “no difference,” “no difference,” * no 
difference” is the uniform report of their relative ap- 
pearance. After acknowledging the utter failure of all 
these attempts to influence the growth of plants by 
natural or artificial currents of electricity, Dr. Fyfe 
says, “It must not, however, from this be supposed 
that I have come to the conclusion that electricity is of 
no avail in promoting vegetation." All that the uni- 
form results of the extensive experiments on this sub- 
ject, which during the past year have been tried, pro- 
claims is, our ignorance of any method of controlling or 
directing its agency. 
We take the liberty of adding to the above the fol- 
lowing short account of the experiments of Mr. Torr, 
of Riby, Lincolnshire, as lately described by Mr. Pear- 
sall to the Hull Literary and Philosophical Society : 
«The uniform tenor of all the experiments was disap- 
pointment and failure. Mr. Torr was the only one who 
offered his results with accuracy and figures; he had 
carefully measured the ground, and similar areas elec- 
trified and non.electrified, aud after the utmost diligence 
he had obtained one peck per acre of Barley in favour 
of the electro-culture, instead of the increase announced 
by Dr. Forster of 13 quarters of Barley having been 
had, while non-electrified portions yielded 5 quarters, 
and the statement made by that gentleman, that ‘any 
mortal having ground, seed, and firmness of purpose, 
had the power of equalling this result.’ | Agriculiural 
Gazette, May 31.]" And we may further append, as 
another illustration of the uniform experience on this 
subject, the following statement by “ A Fireside 
Farmer,” in a late Number of the Dublin Farmer’s 
Gazette, of the 
Results of Experiments in Electro Culture, by Charles Charnock, 
Esq., Holmefield. House, Ferry-bridge, Yorkshire. 
Bach is the mean produce of an acre of land. Each experi- 
ment was tried in two ways—one with an insulated portion 
of an exact acre, and the other of one-half of an acre. 
Electro 
culture, 
Common | 
culture. 
Description of sou Kind of crop, &c. 
Magnesian lime-) 
stone; my own > 
(Parley after Ibsh. st. pk. bsh. st. pk. 
Turnipsseaten || 40 0 1| 40 1 0 
m onbysheep. )| 
Strong land, on] | {whe UT $ 
magnesian lime- j| (Tow manured j| 36 10| 35 14 
coal} | (Oats after pas-} | gg 
j |Í tured seeds. J| ” 
| (Barley after l 
ie. 
Do, do, 13 0 0 0 
measures. 
Oid ix. y Qo E UM | | 
| V dusted. | | 
Red sandstone . ...| ET Ne ua 48 1 0| 49.1 
H 
Gravelly soil, on 
magnesianlime-}| Barley, do.,do...| 36 1 0| 36 0 0j 
| 
stone. | 
Pedy soil .. «| Oats .. 2. ..| 56 1. 1g} 57 
0 04 
| [pam ER sel ete 
i [aaa 0 143520 1 1$ 
Í bush f 
-A loss of 1 bushel and 1 stack of corn, besides the expense o 
labour, wires, poles, &c. on seven acres of land, 
Miscellaneous. 
Table showing the quantity of Turnips that can be grown on a^ 
Acre.—Col. 1is the distance between the drills; 2, distance 
between plants in rows; 3, average distance between plants 
broadcast; 4, space each plant occupies, or square inches on 
which they grow ; 5, number of Turnips per ac’ , average 
weight of each Turnip; 7, weight per acre, if the aver: 
weight of the Turnips were only 11b. each ; 8, weight of erop 
per acre. 
S 
oy 
SESS. T 
104 | 108. | 58080 | n 2518 0 25 18 0 
21 144 | 216 | 29030 | 2| 1219 0 25 18 0 
27 | 12 18 8: 19360 3 812 3 25 18 0 
27 | 16 | 204 | 482 | 14520 4 692 25 18 0 
27 0 23 540 | 11616 5 5 3 2 25 18 0 
27 | 24 | 25 9680 6 4 6 2 25 18 0 
21,28 27; 756 297 m 314 0 25 18 0 
27 | 32 29 864 7260 8 3.43 25 18 0 
36 | 27 31 972 6452 9 217 2 25 18 0 
36 | 30 33 1080 5808 10 211 3 25 18 0 
36 | 33 344 | 1188 5280 diu gem 25 18 0 
356 | 36 36 1296 4840 | 12 2i 1 25 18 0 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS. 
FEBRUARY. 
The following is one meti 
itiches wide, the seed having been previously sown in them by 
hand barrow for the purpose; then split the ridges b; 
intervals between them at various times during the growth of 
the crop ; after a whileuse the double mould board plough again, 
to earth up the plants In some districts Beans are sown by 
a hand-barrow every third furrow as the landis being ploughed, 
and the plants accordingly come up in rows 27 to 30 inches 
apart. Beans are often hoed in; the operation costs about 65. 
per acre. The seed is planted across the ridges in rows about 
9 inches apart; the labourer in the act of making each trench 
with his hoe fills the one already made, in which he has previ- 
ously scattered a quantity of seed. Beans are sometimes 
dibbled ; either the unharrowed furrow slice is used as the la- 
bourer's guide, and two or three Beans are put into each of the 
dibble holes, which-are made in alternate furrows, or, what is 
better, the land is first harrowed down, and a double line is 
used, the cords of which are 10 inches apart, and the labourer 
facing them manages both rows at once. He makes in suc- 
cession about 4 holes in the near line and places seed in them, 
and after doing the same on the far line, he moves sideways up 
the rows and repeats the operation. The holes are filled in by 
a subsequent harrowing. Two to three bushels of seed are thus 
used, and about 5s. per acre are paid for it. ; 
The Mazagan, Longpod, and Heligoland Beans are among 
the rarer sorts cultivated in fields ; the most common kinds are 
the Horn and Tick Bean; the latter beiug the more prolific 
and superior in quality, aud the former the more hardy. 
Notices to + orresponden's. 
Ronan Cuemisrry, by Edward Solly, Esq., F.R.S,—A new 
edition, with additions, is reprinting, and will shortly be 
ready. 
AGRICULTURAL Book-kEEPING —J A, Berwiekshire— There is 
nothing in the adjective “ Agricultural” which can alter the 
principles of ordinary book-keeping, when they are carried 
out by the farmer; unless, indeed, it be supposed to render 
the applieation of those principles as simple as is consistent 
with their nature, The Stewponey Farmers' Club recom- 
mend “The Farmers’ Account Book," by J. Amery. Wait 
till we see what the prize offered by the English Agricultural 
Society shall produce. 
AGRICULTURAL ScHoon—4 C, Liverpool—We do not know the 
ndeed, there be one. Have y! 
They will, we imagine, 
Water © id 5 15.6 
Husk .. m m 10. 
Legumine, Albumen, &c. .. | inei 
Starch cd Ti | 50.1 
Sugar e ty | 5 
Gum, &. — I | jeg 
Oilandfat .. + a 2 
Salts and loss oe | 44 
acm f 
Their ashes, which reside chiefly in the husk, consist in 1000 
parts, as follows, of— 
Seed. | Straw. 
Potash. It 1.15 16.56 
Soda m Ht 8.1 
i m 1.65 
Magnesia .. € 1 
Alumina .. 
Oxide of Iron — .. 
de of Manganese 
eid 
uric 
Phosphoric Acid 
21.36 31.21 24.64 49.71 
ANALYSIS OF Wurat—Zevertens—Bran contains from 6 to 8 per 
cent. of ash; butof what that ash cons: we do not know, 
Wheat consists, per cent., of about 9 of water, 12 of gluten, 68 
of starch, 5 of sugar, £ of gum, and2 of bran. 1000 parts, 
according to Sprengel, leave of ash 11.7 in the grain, and 35.2 
in the straw ; consisting, as follows, of— 
Grain, Straw. 
5 
Potash m 
Soda EE 
Magnesia .- 
Alumina ++ 
Silica : 
Sulphuri 
Phosphoric acid 
Chlorine ++ 
11.77 35.18 
BARLEY Sowrxo ox LAND FED OFF ny SHEEP—A Sub—You need 
not put the plough in at all. Just give it a double tine (one 
across the other) of the Finlayson harrow, and then. sow. 
you plough, do it as shallow as possib 
QànnorS—O EZ M—We have grown Carrots for many years. 
Sow the white Belgian Carrot seed, 5lbs. per acre (mixed 
with 2 bushels of sand or ashes), by means of a Suffolk drill, 
in rows 18 inches apart, on the flat surface of a finely-culti- 
vated, but hard rolled field. That will hinder the seed being 
sown too deep. Ifthe land is full of Chickweed, &c., sow some 
Oats in the drill—they will spring up before the Carrots, and 
pointing out where the rows come, will enable you to hoe the 
land with safety earlier. Apply 10 ewt. per acre of Messrs, Ren- 
dle's burnt sea-weed. We recommend this, not from per- 
sonal experience, but because we know sea-weed is found to 
answer well in East Lothian for this crop. 
DRAINAGE OF CLAY Lanp—Banbury—We should not in the least 
i h 
ear making the main drains 3feet 6inches deep, and the 
parallel drains 3feet. Did you read what Mr. Mechi said 
last week 
FLOODED LAND— Tyro—1f your land is drained, then when the 
water shall have subsided, the frost will so benefit it, that 
plant your Potatoes with the spade without any 
previous digging or harrowing of the land ; that, at any rate, 
is our opinion. 
Gnass-sEEDS—Chutoniensis—We would take out Avena elatior 
from your list, and a Festuca duriuscula, 31bs.; Lolium 
Italicum, 31bs. ; Trifolium pratence, 4 Ibs. ; Poa nemoral's, 
iat will make the quantity 33 Ibs. per acre. 
A Constant Reader—You may depend upon 3 cwt. of 
an guano or 4 cwt, of Ichaboe guano, sown broadcast 
in April, to produce a good crop of anything you choose to 
grow that year. 
MP—C M S—Not long ago it used to be cultivated near 
Bridport, Dorsetshire; also in the parish of Compton, be- 
tween Sherborne and Yeovil. 
Ionanor GuaNo—W J—Sow 4 cwt. per acre the day before 
sowing your Oats, and give the land a double turn of the 
harrow after sowing the manure broadcast. 
LICE IN CATTLE— W J—Rub train oil well into their skins. 
TissEED— 7 B—It is imported at a duty of one per cent., and 
a 
double mould board plough, and thus cover up the seed and 
manure together. Before the plants are up, harrow these raised 
drills down, and horse-hoé and cultivate with plough, dc. the 
obtain such a machine upon application to any first-rate 
agricultural machine maker, an i ishes to know the 
address of any of these, let him consult the prize lists of the 
English Agricultural Society. We cannot name. 
N Sanps—Rusticus—A soil will deserve this name in 
which you cannot dig a hole or trench, because the earth 
runs in upon you as you deepen i 
n it. 
STALL FEEDING—Ag pla Stall feeding or box feeding will 
answer well under ordinary circumstances, as we doubt not 
the experience of many farmers, English as well as others, will 
prove. You may, by selecting good animals, and attending to 
them carefully, make 5s, a week on each of them, feeding on 
Swedes anc w cut into chaff; i e., you may thus 
make about 9s. or 10s. a ton of your Swedes. "The best essay 
an east and w 
side of it, at a distance of 9 feet from one another, 
from the wall, plant large poles of about 6 inches through, 
and let their tops be on a level with that of the wall; then 
mortice on to them cross posts of 10 feet long whose ends rest 
on the wall and on the uprights ; then nail on, along the tops 
of the posts some Larch poles, so as to keep all stiff; place a 
few bundles of Thorns over them, and pile alot of straw 
stubble over all as a roof, You have then a shed which you 
may divide into boxes by means of a few Larch poles and nails, 
and place a crib for food in each, and litter them well down, 
and they will be ready for their tenants at an expense o: 
labour not exceeding 8s. or l0s. per beast. A calf will not 
‘or sucking its dam; it should be removed as soon as 
ble, and fed on other things besides milk, as soon as it 
will take to them. At the same time this is not invariably 
the case ; e. g., we have known a (short-horn bull) calf suck 
two cows, and at a year old sell at such a price as amply to 
repay expense. We do not know where April Wheat is to be 
had; we would rather sow Barley then than trust to an, 
variety of Wheat, whatever its character for early maturity. 
Our varieties of Oatdo not differ as respects the choice of soil; 
White-washing in-doors 
to preserve timber. We not know the 
Champion Potato. Salt will not cure the wire-worm ; 2 ewt. 
is a fertiliser on inlan: 
We would apply three cwt. of Peruvian guano per acre. 
in April, whether the crop is up or not. If the farmer builds, 
he expects to derive his own as well a landlord’s profit ; if a 
landlord builds, he can only expect his own profit. Is that 
a satisfactory vindication of our former remark on this sub- 
jec h'a Wheat-presser as you describe will be usefully 
applied on most corn crops, whether it will destroy the wire- 
ot, Effects in agriculture are very difficult to 
affiliate with accuracy; and whatever be the testimony to 
the value of rollers and crushers as destroyers of the wire- 
worm, we shall be sceptical on that point till our own expe- 
rience has convinced us. About white Carrots see above. 
Trane? Farmers’ CLUB— 7 H—We shall be very glad to have 
your report. 
Ti Corn-Laws.—We have received a letter signed “Q. E. D." 
complaining of the political tendency of a leader published. 
last week with the signature ** ©. W. H.” Our correspondent 
is of opinion that such a leading article is a departure from 
our professions of not interfering wit IE ^al questions, 
wever, ‘‘ he is bound to say we have very 
T rds it as 
E 
o not admit the justice of 
. H.” has not treated the subject 
are, What he has done, 
is this—he has attacked an agricultural prejudice, the most 
fatal of all to the true interests of farmers, that high prices 
and profits necessarily go together, This delusion exists we 
believe nowhere now except among the agricultural body’; 
everybody else has found out their mistake. e are old 
enough to remember the time when a. drunken farmer would. 
propose as a toast, “a bloody war and a wetharvest ;” by 
which he really meant nothing more than high prices. But 
what was the consequence of “bloody wars and wet har- 
vests” to the farmers i 
Have we already forgotten the year 1816 ? 
opinion about the Corn-laws, either one way or the o! 
that is a question which landlords and manufaeturers, the 
ears 
prices has in our eyes no political, no fiscal application ; we 
it merel 
ht. 
Tne Price or Lanp—J.R—It will, of course, in the long run, 
celeris paribus, depend on the profits of farming. e 
ing. But we can only discuss the details of the 
we cannot inquire into the influence on it 
ments. 
fear nothii 
farming busines: 
of legislative ena i 
*,* Communications reaching town after Wednesday, cannot be 
answered the same week. 
Best Scots, Herefords, &o. 48 
Best Short Horns (8 
Second quality Beasts - 8 0 3 6 
Calves " JURTS-8 70. iga 
asts, 3108; Sheep, 18,200; Calves, 53; Pigs, 220. 
ply of Beasts, and although there is a good at- 
"prices are lower; our highest quotations are, 
ever, easily obtained for the choicest qualities,—Sheep continue scarce, 
Oto 4e 4 | Best Downs & Half-bredn 5 
8.4 est Long-wools - = = 4 5 
Ewes and second quality 4 0 4 
- 4 0 5 
very high.—Gnod Veal is scarce and dear; han been ex: 
veeded in some instances for cheicest quali ies —Pork trade is brisk. 
Frivay, Feb. 19, 
The supply of Beef to day ie quite adequate to the demand. Trade is 
rices somewhat lower; 4s 4d is with d'füculty obrained for the 
i. and 4s for the best Short-horns; inferior 
of the supply con: 
nearly 4d per 8 
Beasts, Calves, 129; Pigs, 310. 
4l, West Smithfield» 
TATOES.—SouTHWARK, WATERSIDE, Feb. 9, 
"This mark: 
t tack of fair 
only been loa: 
a 
fresh sample: 
Buffs, 705 t0 
HOPS, Fray, Feb, 13, 
The market continues about the same as last week, with a little mere in- 
quiry, particularly for the finest coloured Hops, which were seldom or ever 
30 scarce at this time of the year. 
Parreepen & Surra, Hop-Faotors. 
