256 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
dlutie uaru scales, leaving tie tubers sound beneath 5 
and to this day they are so, now nearly a month since. 
That the disease was brought to this colony by the seed 
I have no doubt; at least the causes ascribed in Eng- 
land cannot be ascribed here. In the month of Sep- 
tember we had only two showers after the Potatoes 
were planted, in October two, and November only one. 
As for sunshine, enough of that to cause an Englishman 
at E to feel querish. Then again for electrical cur- 
re rows of Reds next to the Americans wore 
ahexbanded with a copper wire (about 6 inches under 
round), connecting a plate of zinc at one end of the 
drill with a plate of copper at the other end. Down 
the centre of the two drills a wire was suspended about 
4 feet from the ground, and attached to the plates just 
mentioned. And if the electricity in the atmosphere 
has any power over Potatoes, it ought to have it here, 
as in the centre of one of the drills of Shaws, and within 
7 yards of the Americans, stands a stone Pine all but 
killed by a shock of lightning, the bark being torn off 
on one side, 5 fee: in length, and thrown 30 or 40 yards 
away. The “ Reds," which. were placed near the wires, 
were free from disease, and so were indeed all the other 
Potatoes in the same break, except the Americans. The 
Americans are an early sort, and the disease seems to 
have appeared in Europe chiefly among the early kinds. 
The soil is of a light gravelly nature, and the crop fine, 
averaging 16 bushels for one of sets planted whole. 
must state that the Potato here is, properly speaking, 
anevergreen, At the end of three months they must 
be lifted, as the tubers have by that time reached their 
full size, and they invariably commence to grow, while 
the old plant still keeps growing also.—R. S. Smith, 
the. Oaks" near Caledon, Cape of Good Hope, January, 
1846. P.S.—Our seasons in this country come at oppo- 
site times to those in Europe, which some of your readers 
may not remember. 
- 
Calendar of Operations. 
(For the ensuing Week.) 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, 
Watering Pot Plants.—Great care duit ever be 
bestowed on this important process. Too much, too 
little, or an injudieious mode of appliance, are equally 
fatal to high cultivation. Very many plants are seri- 
ously injured at the periods n shifting or “ potting off,” 
by improper watering. s been the fashion to re- 
commend what is termed a E thorough soaking” to 
newly-potted stoek, and I fear that in this very act the 
foundation of what is technically termed *  sourness" is 
frequently laid. A very fine rosed-pot, and slight ap- 
plieations of water, at intervals, elose on the heels of 
potting, is the best way, as a general maxim, to pene- 
trate the mass, and to cause the particles of soil so to 
arrange themselves by gravitation, as that the atmo- 
spheric infiuence shall be somewhat modified, but by no 
means intercepted. There is, however, no good reason 
why all plants should be watered immediately on shift- 
ing them. When a plant has no ball of earth, the water 
should of course be made to penetrate the whole mass, 
in order to prevent desiccation, which would sometimes 
ensue through extreme porosity in the new s When, 
however, the subject is a plant (say a Camellia), with a 
hard-wedged ball, a steeping overhead in water for an 
hour is a preferable course. After this, frequent 
syringings or waterings with a fine rose will be the 
soundest policy for a week or two afterwards. Conser- 
vatory.—See that no plant suffers from drought here. 
Planted-out things will now require thorough waterings, 
The larger specimens in tubs or pots must also have a 
most liberal supply, provided the drainage is complete. 
This is the period for free use of liquid manure, but 
take care that it is perfectly clear, Lar ge Orange-trees 
should now enjoy a copious application of this renewing 
element. Where these trees produce gross wood, dis- 
bud or remove it altogether, and let the lower wood 
take its place ; this will induce fruitfulness, by mode- 
rating the system. Stove Plants and Orchids.—Pay 
due attention to watering, shifting, stopping, &e., of 
stove-plants in general. Make cuttings as they can be 
Obtained in a young. state, of Geiscomeria, Plumbago, 
Eranthemum, Justicia, Clerodendron, Vinca, Euphorbia, 
Brugmansia, Begonia, Thunbergia, we; &e., in order 
to keep up a succession of clean young stock. See that 
the growing Orchids have abundance of atmospheric 
moisture, with a liberal circulation of air early in the 
morning, shutting up close betimes, and taking care to 
observe moderation in the use of fire-heat, in order 
that a pure atmosphere may be inclosed for the night. 
Growing Dendrobiums will now require liberal supplies 
of water ; and air-plants on blocks, frequent syringings. 
Mixed Greenhouse.—Look to the directions about Stove 
Plants. Propagate stock as there recommended. Most 
of these will succeed in the mixed greenhouse, where a 
medium between the cold greenhouse and the stove is 
observed. See to cuttings of Heaths, as soon as the 
wood is in order. Fumigate the moment an insect 
appears; this is best done in a moderate way, two 
evenings in succession. Some of the hard-wooded 
things, of no particular importance, might be removed 
hence at this period, to furnish more room for growing 
young stock and fine specimens in flower. A slight 
protection will, however, be necessary. Old lights, or 
a tarpauling on poles as a lean- -to, the lowest part next 
a south wall, and the front opening well to the sum, 
would do exceedingly well for them. Mats may be hung 
at the sides 2 night. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pineries.—Attend to the regulating air, heat, and at- 
A considerable umount of heat may now be used on proper 
occasions, as before pointed out. ¥ rniting houses, or pits, 
should now average 80° by day, and about 70° at night. 
85? or 90° may be allowed, however, from three o'clock 
to five in the afternoon. Dung pits must not be so warm 
by 5°, as the plants in them are more liable to “draw.” 
Vineries.—Some of the laterals, where erowded, may 
be removed in the earliest house, where the Grapes are 
beginning to ripen. Not, however, to throw sunlight 
immediately on the berry, but in order to promote a 
perfect secretion in the prineipal leaves, with a view to 
heighten the flavour of the fruit, and to organise plump 
buds for the ensuing year. Cucumbers and Melons.— 
Follow up successions. "This is a good time to sow for 
a crop of autumn Melons ; at least with those who have 
nothing but dung beds to grow themin. Look to former 
Calendars. Mushroom-house. — Take care to pro- 
vide a humid atmosphere. Beds made after this, should 
possess more moisture in the manure. Figs.—Be sure 
to follow up stopping the shoots when from ‘four to six 
budslong. Water and syringe freely, and use plenty of 
liquid aeae clear, to those in a bearing state. 
KITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD, 
This iba ad excellent time to plant a full crop of Pota- 
toes. Kidneys, with well-protected sprouts, or any other 
early kinds planted now, will be little later than those 
planted in February. This, however, requiresa little extra 
care ; the sets should be placed in baskets, a single 
layer thick, on damp litter, and as carefully handled as 
eggs; they should by no means be planted during 
either sunshine or wind. Those with sprouts 2 or 3 inches 
long, if managed thus, and covered at night until the 
second week in May, will closely succeed those in frames. 
Let a sowing of all the winter and spring Broccoli be 
made forthwith. Cape Broccoli and Cauliflower for 
Michaelmas may, however, be sown a week or two later. 
ee that plenty of Green Kale, Savoys, Brussels 
Sprouts, Leeks, Scorzonera, Salsafy, Beet, &c., is got in 
without delay. Continue successions of Hoin Carrots; 
indeed sow a bed every month, from January to Sep- 
tember. This is the best way to be independent of the 
rub. Ridge Cucumbers should be got forward in- 
stantly; also Tomatoes and Vegetable Marrow. As 
soon as your young Asparagus is from 3 to 6 inches 
high, ER D new plantations be made. 
OWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, 
A bis NE re-arrangement of all the kerbaceous 
tribes should take place every spring ; if this has not 
been done no time should be lost. Some of the grosser 
kinds get into too large masses, and thereby destroy all 
proportion in the mixed beds. Continue sowing an- 
nuals wherever required. Early struck Verbenas, Cal- 
ceolarias, &e. may be planted out 2 or 3 inches apart 
in beds, with a slight protection ; they will make nice 
plants by the middle of May, and may be removed 
either to masses or borders, where they will bloom 
directly. 
COTTAGERS’ GARDENS. 
As observed last week, let Broad Beans occupy, as a 
secondary crop, a place amongst all the green tribes, 
Swedes, &c. ‘The cottager may sow a little late spring 
Broccoli. He should take care to secure plenty of plants 
ofthe various greens intended to succeed the summer 
erops, and to furnish a supply for himself or cow during 
the following winter. Searlet-runners should be planted 
directly ; also Nasturtiums and a row of Red Cabbage 
if not already done ; these will supply all the pickles a 
cottage requires, A few Gherkins may be sown ona 
southern slope. 
FORESTING. 
Little can be added to former Calendars. Barking 
is the next great affair. See that all matters are pre- 
pared. The young seed beds will require some atten- 
tion at present; screen from Jate frosts by Fir or 
other boughs, and be sure to keep down all weeds. 
iState of the Weather near London, for the week ending April 16,1946, as 
obser vedat the HorticulturalGarden, Chis 
LEETE TE 
as haze; 
ou dea dark 
Itin “Sige haze nd fine 
temperature of the week 4} deg. above the average. 
State i CR ets ts Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
suing Week ending April 25, 1946. 
pude overcast 
sely overcast 
No. E Prevailing Winds. 
Mean| Yeai EA Ec lz E 
April ipis Lower r quantity sels |= 
Temp.) Tem pes n whichit | Se Rain, dz A EE 
366 | SES 3 6j- 
87.3 | 8 0.92 e 5|2 
899 | 8 0.20 3| el.— 
| 401 1i 0.32 3) 5l— 
89.4 n 0.52 9|4|5 
85.0 4T 8 0.55 6| 2| 1 
60,0 39.6 — 49.8 8 0.47 2 i 2 
Then arae camperatare during the above period occurred on the 25:h, 
7 nd the lowest on the 25th, 1827—ther 
give both their Lati 
and that which may y possibly Brig suit your purpose, is Mr. 
Don's, reviewed a pea vol. 
CAMELLIAS— m you pu sent is so imperfect, that 
mospherie moisture, as laid down in previous Calendars. 
it is impossible to tell At it be true to name, You must wait 
till the plant produces a more | p »rfoct t flower, 
Chandlerii is largo and of a deep green.” ne) 
lias may be increased RUE inarching them on ‘on other kinds ; or 
E tae as pe 
They shout be laced i in cool frame) of 
enced forming roots, when Mey m y be removed into a 
brisk serge Shoots of t lddle size make the best 
cuttings. The best compost s hsc. is, three-fourths 
eat and one-fourth good light loam, fà loam cannot 
be had, peat alone jo. i9 k 
CARNATIONS— An Orig Su —The following are lat 
bloomers : Ttedford's n ed “Wood's Brigand, Shits 
Duke of Wellington, Will’s Beauty, Jaques’ Achilles, Great- 
"s „Linnus, Bidkering's Prince 
celle's Queen st Sheba, Alla- 
way's Wonde er of the World, Coe Puxley's Adelaide. To ii 
m to am as ae as possible, Sonauate from the 
Eon "Herd or pipi 
CLUB IN CABBAGE: E eG ae, knobs or clubs that are 
formed on the m of the Cabbage tribe, partionianiy Cauli- 
flowers and Broccoli, ae said to be cau: by insects, an 
g wood ashes into fus hole in which 
E 
T 
3 
ds 
G 
& 
BE 
n? 
EE 
“ordinary pur] EEE a west aspect timing a little to the Acn 
will do very well. Your garden taken.— y 
You will not obtain a current of ie vro you ean n connect 
the frames « with the floor of the cellar e by an air-drain. If 
you do that you will immediately establish the requisite cir- 
culation, and save your wasted heat. The a from e to g 
seems to be of no advantage.——4J N—You may connect your 
flue with the house chimney by a hor izontal Shaft; but it 
must be well cased over, so as to be kept dry and warm, or 
it will not draw in winter time. casing is made with. 
ana rashes and charcoal built over Vie brickwork, or even 
ped outwardly. 
EN Ub Men to im common 1 orr 
Grafting is the surest dy of perpetuating the variety. T 
IsEcrs—P L P—It is species of Coccus, nearly allied to the 
cochineal, which is Re the Spear ganen, You may, per- 
some information by ding various articles 
een s cus, checi ly in the 
ist an vols., and at 499 of vol, iv.; but 
regret that it is not in our power to mbes a remedy, 
unless we could examine the plants on the spot, and investi- 
gate their economy, Would not an infusion of Tobacco be 
better than soot, &c. * R.——J G F— cannot advise you 
without seeing specimens of the insects. Please to send some 
in a quill or a pill-box. 2.——J M C—You must get the 
Myrtles out as soon as aur as rain will assist in banish- 
ing the scale-insect. e first thing to be done i H to pick off 
the leaves most Safósteda dent burn them ; the others should 
be washed with soap-suds ; the stem Ke branches 
must then be scraped and brushed with the same liquid, em- 
ploying a tooth-brush. After this ablution, the woody parts 
may be painted with a mixture fs soot alters 
Marr are well managed, 
the FS treatment that suits is will also suit this 
itis one of those plants with which eris: e be do one, p 
cept the house is damp as well as warm. likes a rich soil 
and frequent potting, and should be reli attended to with. 
FRAGRANS—M W- 
ater. 
Morrnotocy—W S—The PA 
casualties one was figured a 
happy to examine o other entia: f 
ORTAR—C' M S—Put the sand in a tub, Pour water over it. 
Stir it well up. When at begins to settle pour off the muddy 
water. Repeat till dor 
NAMES OF PLANT: Pr ipi ioa We do not recognise your 
; but they look like those of the Stay dau 
apparently fresh, and we will hav: e them GR 
you shall know the ian T R—Veronica formosa and 
Cuphea platycentr Brought Mor iyour Oncidium phyma- 
oc ilon is quite new to us, ond extremely ——4 H- 
celia Bauerana.——4. H: C; 
2, Bromelworts cannot be Te from their single flowers ; 
8; Saccolabium calceolus ; 4, Camarotis purpurea. 
i NEP tricolorum is curious, but not handsome’ 
ee become dou! 
00 nstamt—If UU UNT really effectual against the 
disease, then: any kind will ich aK should strew the drills 
with ES Place the tubers on it, en add more charcoal. 
——J W—Y our seedling is seaiceelgolatesone)-andlscemastons 
ms It shall have a fair trial. —— Pilfouwr—A. thousand 
an he news is quite unexpecte 
Tus "WxarnER—G Jhn—It is very possible that the deviation 
of the Gulf Stream Ny have something to do with this mild 
winter; but it is at present mere conjecture. Whenever any 
facts have been elicited SB Shall make them publie. 
Winpow GamDENS—D S J—Any Mes t biy do; but the north 
is the worst, and only fit for Fe es, or spring bulbs, 
or bought plants just ready to iae We will give you 
lists of ‘plants another ne 
Misc.—Thanks to S, the Gardeners’ Chronicle is correct. We 
have communicated with the other paper.——G— The mean- 
ing of Cucurbits, n and all such terms and the 
i hi plied, bed in the 
DUE RR SA NU on refer you.— sS C— 
are aware that this paper is sometimes spoiled te the folding, 
but we have no means of IPAE gi 'wsmen pur- 
chase it unfolded ; and it is to them that you must look for 
redress; we are powerless i in the matter. Ifyou will be so 
good as to refer to p. 402, 1845, you will find os the Don’ s Ca- 
talogue whieh we recommended i is not the great 4to abortion, 
which we have not spoken RNY haa gold 
Iohur is an East Indian coin, not a B—Stepha- 
notis does fruit occasionally, and "ds produces a seed-vessel 
is very subject to such 
8, 1845. 
223 
of your gas.tar ben in the 
m use. You may wash it with chloride of lime, or 
strew it thickly with serta BR pus little Hope! of such 
remedies being effectual. ow Hickory seeds in a 
warm sunny border dus inches gms Or, if you prefer it, 
place them in some damp Moss beneath garden- pots exposed. 
to the sun, asrecommended at p. 219. Do not crack the shells. 
mn Inquiver—We are quite unable to answer your ques- 
"perhaps glue; perhaps et $ pel OE plaster of 
perhaps twenty things, —— Hornsey—Of Scarlet Pelar- 
goniums, conve ay’s Giant P General, Tom ‘Thumb will 
p answer your purpose, the former for single speci- 
mei nd the latlerfor beds. And for sweet-scented flowers 
Suus ES have better than Heliotropes and Mignonette.f 
—— C—If you will refer to our volume for 1845 you 
S find a plan of a pit th at may perhaps answer your pur- 
ds ud ‘Your former letter 
IT 
tion 
Pari 
UO i1— ——You are not yet too 
Sow in shallow pans to be placed in a gentle heat until the 
first leaves are formed, when it should be pricked out3 inches 
apart in a bed composed of very rotten and mellow dung, lai 
on 3 or 4 inches in thickness, on a hard bottom. On this the 
plants will make fine fibres, and will be ready for being finally 
transplanted to the open ground in May, and with a very 
trifling amount of check. In your ease we should plant in 
rows. Soot may be mixed with liquid guano for ud Tii 
poses; and there can be no harm in mixing sea sa ith. 
guano for facility of PETEA on Grass or other AEN E 
the soil is of a very light nature.t 
We shall be most 
