274 
THE MR OC EHE GAZETTE. 
APRIL 25, 
[ 
or April. If sown broadcast, about 5 or 6 lbs.,or rif] 
drilled, 2 or 3 lbs. per acre will be the quantity of seed 
required. When the plant is to be in rows, and where 
the ground is very steep, as on the sides of hills, road- 
cuttings, the sides of embankments, &e., the direction 
of the rows should be oblique, and not directly up and 
down. ‘The distance between the rows should be from 
15 to 18 inches." 
Inthesame volume of the “Society’s Journal" (vol. vi., 
ii., page 523), there was a paper on this subject by 
Mee Serin Elly, who fully bore out the testimony of 
Mr. Roberts to the value of Gorse, so far as to winter 
food ; food for summer was a more diffieult matter. 
He had found Italian Rye-Grass a very admirable 
article. There was now a crop at Mr. Wharton Bur- 
don's whieh might have been cut a week ago. Mr. 
Dickinson, who farmed in the south, got 11 crops in the 
year, with the aid of some preparation. He (Mr. Bates) 
had a field, three-fourths of which was Italian Rye- 
Grass, and one-fourth common Grass, The animals 
would not leave the Rye-Grass, so long as it was possi- 
ble to get a nibble ; and even when they had eaten it, 
to all appearance, quite bare, they would still try to get | 4, 
a little more, before going to the other. Then, again, 
as to the question whether it was better to keep stock 
in the house all the year round, or turn them out. In 
Germany, where he had seen much of agricultural life, 
they kept them in the house the whole year. Labour was 
cheap there,and was not spared. The German grooms far 
surpassed the English. The animals were fed on chopped 
w and Lucerne, and water was constantly before them. 
The Presipenr proceeded to offer a few remarks. 
With respect to the cutting of hay and straw, Mr. Bates 
had stated that the Hetton coalowners found it no 
saving. Much, however, depended on the sorting of 
the hay ; for if any portion of it were musty or mouldy, 
the forage of the whole bin would be spoiled. That 
‘was one main reason why the practice was sometimes 
found not to answer. In former years, all along the 
great north road, south of York, where the horses of 
the coach-proprietors were always in prime condition, 
the forage was all chopped. The Oats, he believed, 
were not bruised ; but he thought, for summer feed, it 
was very desirable they should be. The barn- yard |™ 
chaff was thrown in, and answered a good purpose. All 
the proprietors declared that chopping was economical. 
Gorse, it was an extremely difficult plant to culti- 
vate in the northern counties. He had tried it in 
every possibly way,and given it every advantage in his 
power, when trying to grow fox-coverts, but hardly in 
any case had the cost been repaid. It was a peculiarly 
petted plant, and he doubted very much if the farmers 
of Northumberland, with their soil and climate, could 
grow it to profit. It throve well on the lighter soils of 
Somersetshire, where he had seen it cut in succession, 
as you would Lucerne. It was most grown,so far as 
his own observation went, where Grass lands were poor, 
and the lightness of the hay obliged the farmer to try 
some substitute, 
Mr. Ramsay stated; that when he was in’ London, 
some years ago, he was struck by the fine condition of 
the draught-horses, and visited Barclay’s brewery to 
ascertain how they were fed. He found that they had 
three-fourths Clover hay and one-fourth straw, mixed 
with Corn and Beans. He also called upon a person 
in Holborn, who fed his horses, at first, on Corn and 
hay, i hr the ug manner. "Phe result was, that his 
He therefore directed 
his attento. p economy in provender. He got a 
machine, by which he eut his straw and Clover, and 
bruised his Corn and Beans. With this he fed his 
horses (of which he had from 80 to 100), and then 
realised a fair profit by his enterprise. He (Mr. R.) 
was induced to get a machine, which his men looked 
upon as a new-fangled contrivance ; and after it had 
been some time in use, it was laid aside—the labour of 
cutting being unacceptable to his workmen. One of 
them, however, had continued, unobserved, to use the 
machine in preparing provender ; and he (Mr. R.) was 
struck by the superiority of this man’s horses to all the 
rest in the colliery. He asked him, one day, how it 
‘was, and then found out the secret. He therefore 
attached the cutter toa thrashing-machine, that there 
might be no inducement to keep it in disuse y and all 
the horses, from that time to the present, had been fed 
on eut straw and Clover. None of the men would feed 
their horses without 1 ; and when leaving home, they 
always took care to take with them a supply of what 
they called “chaff.” The use of it, he was sure, 
effected a considerablesaving. The same work was got 
out of a much less quantity of provender. 
FORM OF LEASE. 
(READ sy Mr, BAKER AT THE LATE MEETING OP THE LONDON 
ARMERS’ CLUB.) 
Tuis INpENTUns, made ihe damos , one thousand eight 
ix, in pursuance of an Act 
ain i Leases between s 
to facilitate 
fari, let unto ue s C. D., his heirs, GEENT or Addis. » 
trators, all that Ade messuage, farm, and premises, called 
or known by the nami in the oon [D 
ond now or late in th he PES or occupation o: 
ng of a messuage or tenement, with yards, gardens, 
rcr s, f gads, stables, and oùtbuildings, togëther v 
acres of arable and Grass land, lying in the several inclosures 
numbered i in the schedule hereunto annexed as foll 
therwise, with their appurtenances, except t out of 
this etie; alltimber and ofher trees, fruit-trees, saplings, 
pollards, wood and underwood whatsoever, now being or which 
shall hereafter grow upon the hereby demised premises, and 
the said am wood, and underwood. And also to 
hunt, PH fish, fowl, and sport upon and over the said pd 
demised premises, and to take and kill game CU Tohav 
and to hold* the Eos demised premises (except as afor eeaid) 
unto the said his executors ud administrators, for t 
term of 21 years, to be computed fi 
recoverable as increased rent during ‘the continuance of the 
term m hereby gra ted.” 
12th. Shall menase and cultivate xw arable land in good 
and husbandlike manner, ‘according to the most approved 
system of the district in which the 5 id herel pre- 
mises are situated, nor s] nor will at any time or tims during 
the term hereby granted fire from off or have Sos " rt 
prs EHE more than Mog eee of Wheat, Barley, 
at the expiration o: 1th or 16th y years of thé said term, by 
either party to this demise giving notice in writing to that effect 
t least e months previously to the determination of either o 
Be aforesaid terms. Yielding and paying yearly and every 
year in ib of rent t the value of quarters of Wheat, such. 
NIU o be deduced from the averages of the last six weeks 
ken for the tithe commutation purposes, as made up and pub- 
lished i in the London Ga ette, x jd expir: ation of the six weeks 
previously to the quarterly days respectively as hereinafter 
mentioned, namely, Chri eatin Lady Day, Midsummer, and 
ichaelmas, which averages ng been so taken as aforesaid, 
shall, dip ‘being RIA ited, apon the number of quarters of 
Wheat as hereinbefore constitute, represent, and ac- 
tually be ther fant OP GACHA EE day of paymentrespectively, 
the aggregate of which shall constitute, EU and a 
tually become the yearly rent to be paid an 
manner hereinbefore expressed.[ Provided always 1 that, is x 
shall happen that M said yearly rent or value of 
of Wheatin lieu thereof as hereinbefore exp ed a; ri 
or any part thereof Pudet eur ae con fhe space 
and shall not afterwards be emand, or if 
iis said €. D his executors or administrators, shall become 
bankrupt or insolvent, or aedo OPE OH any act or thing 
wher by the said premises hereby ditio may become à 
r liable to be taken in execution, or if the said C. D., Tis 
LEtra be RIAA ERO rs, shall not perform and keep the 
covenants, clauses, and conditions Meran mentioned aad con- 
tiled: meni seki and may be law? fal for the sai 
heirs, execu tors, ad ministrators, and assigns, to enter ud mdi 
upon the premises hereby demised or ns part thereof, andi in 
the name of the whole wholly to eject therefrom the said 9. 
his Eb. qe ee and 
s, and assigns, covenant, pr omise, and 
gr . B., his heirs and assigns, in manner 
following that is to say, that he, the said Q. D., his ebbade 
and administrators, from time to ‘time during this demise— 
1st. Shall pay the said yearly rent, or value of quarters ad 
Wheat in lieu thereof, by equal quarter rly payments, on th 
days at the times and in manner as Horeip Del eno in that behalf 
stipulate 
dnd s Shall bear, pay, and discharge the tithe commutation, 
ent charges, and all other parochial rates and charges what- 
soever (land-tax, quit-rents, and landlord's income-tax ex- 
cepted). 
e ee and leave the said hereby demised pre- 
e appurtenance and all fittings and fixtures 
thereot M ail the roads, fences, gates, stiles, bridges, ditche: 
onging ‘thereto, in good and tenantable rep 
anes ffl ondion (damage by firean de: "dinary tempe 
only excepted), being allowed by said his heirs or 
igns, rough timber, bricks. tile, slate, and lime, and shall 
paint or tar the said her eby demised pre once in every three 
years upon being allowed paint or Mind by A.B, 
nis heirs or assigns. 
- Shall not cut down, or otherwise destroy or injure any 
oft the timber or ornamental trees or saplings, nor grub up any 
of the underwood now growing or to be hereinafter grown upon 
the saii ises, but that he the said C. D., his execu- 
or administrators, shall be entitled to the wood and bushes 
ng the fence: ed as also the lops of the pollards when 
siai Tne = ane mad 
5th. Sha reserve and p me ERE po fish upon the 
hereby, Qvo ses for the of the s M B., his heirs 
ns, f friends o rvants, and suffer es to be given 
add proceedings taken in his name against duy person or per- 
sons tre: io eg in pursuit thereof. 
6th. Shall r apon HRS. d OR en during the contin- 
uance of the term hereby gı 
7th. Shall not assign or p all or any part of the said 
messuage and premises hereby demised during all or any part 
of the term n md wi eat the consent in writing of 
Hs said s 
8th, Shall Viam or "ud. d the said demised farm and 
cn p ake of corn, seeds, and hay, that shall yearly 
^ 9u d "Shall ud ‘and consume upon the hereby demised 
‘arm and premises all the hay, straw, fodder, and chaff, as wel 
as aries and other roots and vegetables growing thereon 
SAP te cepted). 
Oth. Shall expend upon the said demised farm and premises 
all the dung, compost and manure, which shall rarae or mum 
be made or brought thereon, except that made in the las 
of this demise, Which SRAN be left for the INITA 
upon being paia by valuation for the same, together Sich the 
labour thereon. 
llth. Shall manage and cultivate Be Grass lands in a good 
and husbandlike man: aci di o the most approved 
system A the distriet in which said hereby demised 
orem ituated, and shall not break up or otherwise con- 
vert into tillage any of such Grass lands, nor shall mow more 
than one moiety of the same more than once in any year, 
under a penalty of 101. ver’ o broken up or con- 
verted into tillage as ir aid, such pende to be iis and 
* jeriods of onmia d iie die may, ; SF thought 
requisite, be at the 8th, 12th, 16th, or 20th ; bus the first 
period should not be for a less time than eight years, 
ET 
realize 
may be made to vary propor. 
tionately as t land 
rn, for, EU utet t 
ch will row. / 3 to 4 quarters of Wheat per acre, and 
5 Fuse of Barley, is T th in Wheat 3) "nib nels, at bd) 
24s. ôd., and in Barley at. 32s., 6 per acre. And the 
covenant might be that E. the p of Wheat -hall not 
exi js. per quarter upon the aver: age by the tithe commu- 
dation returns; the rent shall be 24s. Gd. per acre; and when 
the price of W "neat shal wee exceed P upon the average, the 
rent shall be 22s, 9d. per ua when the n e of 
Wheat shall not excee ed p r quarter, the not 
exceed 20s., and so may be edited ‘or tabreasedhih proton 
as the price of Wheat shall rise or fall, 
t All payments by labour, such as carting ed E coal, 
ue inserted if stipulated for in th agreement; rent n 
be equalised upon the average of two or more Gach vh taking 
the average of the whole of the preceding year or years with 
the average of'the last quarter, and the average of these will 
give the ur 
§ As to improvements—if he landlord finds tiles, &c., for 
grapes. the tenant to pay 5 per cent. upon c 
for additional buildings do the same proportion. 
lord: shali restore the build: lings in case they shall be destroyed 
by fire or tempest within six months, 
|| Upon this clause great diversity of opinion exists, d E 
Sor ern therefore depend upon the mutual under 
the parties to the lease, But I may be allowed do. b 
gat ‘that if the landlord conceded to us tenant the right to 
hares and rabbits, reserving the winged game to iinsel, 
much damage to crops-and ill will isque parties might 
prevented, 
Yat ith- 
summer's fallow, beg at liberty i to 
e one crop of ENS E " Peas, or some other ame- 
Norating Ss between the Eid Umm erops ni Wheat, Barley, 
s, and to be at liberty to grow upon the fallowed land 
Tu urnips, Coles eed, roots, or any green oleis crops, pro- 
weed that the same shall be eaten and consumed by cattle 
pon the said hereby cay lands and premises. t 
13th. Shall not in the Jas ears preceding each of the 
periods at which the eaaa of the lease Tan gr: anted 
is stipulated, or after having received notice there 
in ntioned), mow any Clover more AN Once on any of 
the Grass lands in successive years, nor ed any hay or straw 
from off the farm and premises hereby der 
. Shall prevent as ue as ‘possible E traspassos ee 
depredations on the said hereby demised p 
upon the woods and plantations “alin TE E 
maintain and keep the roads leading to or from the sume, 
shail yearly do all necessary Sepa fot the said here eby Abse, 
remises, within the space of 30 days after having received 
notice thereof in writi ng. 
radin or other sooner AUR 
of the term hereby granted, or from any or whatever caus 
the same sball p may arise, leave for the ui and benefit of 
the said A. B., neirs or assigns, or for t eo and bh 
of the then Su EOS: enant, one-fourth pig the ar 
land hereby bea fallowed with at least five DISAIS 
sonable times, eh firet of m shall be given 
the Ist day of Mart and shall and yin i 
such. expiration da tne tte “orebaid) P lest et 
eighth part of the said arable lands in-Clover or Gr: id 
and which said Clover or Grass layer shall have been sown 
upon. Bu fallowed the preceding year, one moiety of the said 
Clover and Grass layer not having been mowed. 
o «shat! permit the said A. B., his heirs or assigns, or any 
incoming tenant, to enter upon and take possession of ali or 
any portion of the lands so to e fallowed as ERATUM on the 
2 F i he e m 7 t 
ere- 
spring seed time f 
BendsapomfoedBade dallo wed Dut 
said, and which Clover and 6 
ope dis as 
Seven shal arrowed in 
by the said C. D A patee and assigns, without pay- 
ment or charg e sam 
l7th. Shall Iu the fallowh and carry out the manure as 
SEA as aforesaid, and leave at the expiration or other 
r determination of the term hereby granted, all the Grass 
AENT hay made and grown upon Tho anid’ déntised pre- 
ee within the last year, and also all the dung, compost, anā 
are, made or bri vues upon the said demised farm nnd pre- 
tates in the last year of the term ed pantog and all the 
straw and chaff arising from such I: T's crop as aforesaid, 
together with all fixare and Buildings loractedut putupat the 
sole cost of the s: x TOU or administrators, 
i the said demised pr all tillages and labour to 
e fallows and manure, ind for an 5 ay, dung, compost, stray 
ixtures, and buildings te be paid for by valuation in ) ro- 
portion to the value and utility of the same in accordance with 
the _preceding Wa UH all improvements consisting of 
draining and m ng by any manure not produced upon the 
id demised prenses. together with all other permanent ini- 
provements, from which the full benefit may not 
Re rived in prepa ution to the original cost thereof, as 
may at th be jmexpended, s such valuation a forest 
dado vem settled wo different p ho, wien so 
Kb and No pce upon themselves such reference 
and Noe d UE in writing, thereupon appoint an umpire. 
whose deci case of any "di sagreement between such ar- 
bie EO shall be final, binding, and conclusive, and to whon» 
all be referred ali other matters in dispute in respect of 
üt ps upation, and all dilapidations of and upon the suid 
demised land aud premises, and all damage sustained by the 
land and fences from unskilful and improper management or 
otherwise, and who shall pe empowered to deduct the amount 
awarded for the same fro: the amount of the valuation so to 
e ascertained as afores: sd. 
18th. Shall have the E the barns, se -yards, and pre- 
mises to thrash and dress e crops of corn and seeds b 
t year's crop, according a the custom of 
county as a foresaid, and shall be paid or allowed for the BM 
ing out of. sek last year’s crop, and have the corti arising the 
3E EE out by the said A. B., his "i eirs o gns, or by his 
g tenant, a distance not exceeding 10 m as cUm 
Nes for the A and chaff arising therefrom. 
And it is hereby agreed and declared that he the said C. D., 
his executors or administrators, paying therents, andi er 4 
iputitoimitiientd Je keeping the covenants hereinbefore con 
shall hold and occupy the farm and premises herein der 
for all the said term hereby nted, without inter mtn ty 
the said A. B., his heirs and assigns. d witness, & c. 
n — 
ved upon a Corn ene deduced froin 
of various kinds of €. 
Yielding Rol ipaying therefore, y Ane every 3 
the said form unto the said A, B., his executors or 
trators, the ottir the manner and at the times he: 
men ntioned ; that is to say, 50 qrs, of Wheat, 50 grs: of 
and 30: qrs. of Beans, to be ascertained quarterly by the aver 
price of. Wheat, Barley Be: Lus sold ay the ips n market in 
London VE t pn Werkes 25th day of 
December, PMaretr the 24th day es June, A 
the 29th R of Sene in every ena an wrth part of 
d value of 50 Wheat, 50 qrs. .of Barley: an 30 grs. EA 
oe. paid losses cran every of the said quárver d 
x ng theld aid term, without making any dei de p 
cation, or abatement whatsoever out of the same, or any part 
thereof. 
To produce a fa'r equable annual payment, corn-veuts may 
also d based upon the erage, of the es two or more 
years, Suppose it should be req: tired to fix it upon the average 
of three years, and that during the first e the average price 
of corn had, from the Gazette returns, have been 52s. 
and on the second year 48s. per qr., and the aver: 
Another Clause for a Le 
oi pri 
per qr. 
ge E of 
^ Where the farm is situated near towns, this covenant ma 
be dispense Cn m RUN roots to be sold upon bringing 
nanur 
tio on is Parent upon mowing Clover fmore than once, 
as this crop, if converted into nage ill be beneficial ‘to 4 
greater extent than if fed upon the Ahi .—If reservation. is 
dn prevent mowing paronan enclosures of grazing 
lands, insert clause to that effect. 
} This covenant will siii of variation according to cireum- 
stances, and m: may restrict soar only as to not taking more than 
two grain crops between fiw and fallow, such fallow 10 be 
made in every 4th, 5th, or 6 
1 If the nature of the tain will admit of hay or straw being 
sold, 1ton of lime or good rotten manure to be brought +on for 
every ton of hay or straw sold, and shall not during the demise 
sell or carry away any gravel, clay, soil, &c. 
§ Buildings that have béen Bes E by the wee without the 
consent of the landlord, to be ved, or to be taken.at the 
value of the materials only, at e option of the landi ord, 
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