Unik 
21—1846.] 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
343 
of Clapham, for 8 varieties of finely grown plants in 
great perfection ; they were Duke of Cornwall, Hebe, 
Alice Grey, Comte de Paris, Madeline, 1 
aloes. Suckers andileaves, slightly dried. Sandy loam 
and calcareous rubbish. 
& Pack ; 
I 
M a 
Lothian, Erectum, and Unit ; second, Small Silver Medal 
to Mr. Foster, of Paddington ; and a first prize, the Large 
Silver Victoria Medal, was awarded to Mr. Parker, gr. 
to J. Houghton, Esq., for Comte de Paris, Caroline, 
Priory Queen, Coronation, Mabel, Superbe, Duke of 
Cornwall, and Master Humphrey. For Class 2, the 
first prize, the Gold Adelaide, was voted to Mr. Gaines, 
for fine specimen plants of Pride of Surrey, Albina, Lady 
J. Douglas, Nymph, Lady Sale, Rising Sun, Una, Erec- 
tum, Matilda, Sylph, Excelsa, Pilot, and Ackbar; second 
prize, Large Silver Victoria, to Messrs. C. and B. 
Smith, Pimlico. 
In the Amateur's Class for TuriPs, the Ist prize, 
the Large Silver Linnean, was awarded to Mr. Hunt, of 
Wycombe, for Fabius, Triomphe Royale, Bijou des Ama- 
teurs, Holmes’ King, Catalani, Ulysses, Aglaia, Violet 
Blandeau, Astrea, Polyphemus, Princess Charlotte’s 
Cenotaph, and Vestris. 2d prize, the Large Silver 
Adelaide Medal was given to the Hon. and Rev. R 
ilson, Ashwelthorpe, Norfolk, whose stand contained 
Coriolanus, Aglaia, Reine de Siam, Optimus, Holmes’ 
ing, Surpasse Salvator Rosa, Manteau Dueal, Cerise 
Belleforme, Junius Brutus, Charlotte, and Triomphe de 
Lisle. 3d, Small-Silver Victoria, Mr. Reeves, for Sur- 
pass Polyphemus, Prima Donna, Franklin’s Invincible, 
Triomphe Royal, Optimus, Franciscus primus, Rubens, 
laudiana, Polyphemus, San Joe, Aleon, and Lord 
yron. 4th, the Small Silver Linnean, to Mr. Edwards, 
of Holloway ; and Stands from Mr. Venables, of Ken- 
nington, Mr. Dottson, and Mr. Hunt. In the Nur- 
Serymen’s Class, the Ist prize, the Large Silver Lin- 
Nean was voted to Mr. Bushell, for Aglaia, Reine de 
Sheba, Claudiana, Lord Hawke, Polyphemus, Triomphe 
de Lisle, Platoff, Optimus, Triomphe Royal, Rubens, 
Junius Brutus, and Vandyke. 2d, Small Silver Vie- 
toria, to Mr. Norman, of Woolwich, for Royal Albert, 
Matilda Mason, Lord Blomfield, Maria, Rubens, Char- 
bonnier Noir, Prince of Wales, Optimus, Claudiana, 
Polyphemus, Triomphe Royal, Roi de Siam. 3d, Small 
Linnean, to Mr. Batten ; collections were also contri- 
buted by Mr. Bushell, S. Sanders, Esq., Mr. Chapman, 
and the Hon. and Rev. R. Wilson. 
In the Amateurs’ Class for Pansies, 24 blooms, the 
first prize, Small Silver Victoria, was awarded to Mr. 
Hunt, of Wycombe, for Victory, Curion, Grotius, Eclipse, 
Exquisite, Tom Pinch, Hunt’s Wellington, Buxton’s 
Ne Plus Ultra, Hamlet, Hooper’s Wellington, Purity, 
Pizarro, Mary Jane, Duke of York, Hero of Bucks, 
Hannibal, Montem, Mulberry Superb, Isabella, Dido, 
Ploughboy, and Goliah ; 2d, Small Silver Linnean, to 
2E 
` Mr. Hall, of Enfield ; 3d, Small Silver Adelaide, to Mr. 
Edwards, of Holloway ; 4th, Small Silver ditto, to Mr. 
Hale, of Hillingdon. Stands were also contributed by 
essrs, Over, Brown, Wren, and Battie.—In the Nur- 
Serymen’s Class the Ist prize was awarded to Mr. 
urner, of Chalvey, for King’s Seedling, Dido, Optimus, 
Prior, Juno, Euterpe, Novelty, Star, Duke of Welling- 
on, Advancer, Regulator, Isabella, Duke of Beaufort, 
Subelegans, Azurea, Duke of York, Ne Plus Ultra, 
Seedling Exquisite, Hero of Bucks, Mary Jane, Perseus, 
Eliza, Hunt’s Wellington, Diamond, Daughter of St. 
ark, Delight, President, Eclipse, Jehu, Arethusa, 
Hannibal, Yellow Defiance, Pitho, Tom Pinch, Imogene, 
Companion, Victory, Hamlet, Negro, Mary Anne, Seed- 
ling, Prince Royal, Caractacus, Pizarro, Titus, Curion, 
and Pelops; 2d, to Mr. Thompson, of Iver. Stands 
also came from Messrs. Cutler, Henbrey, and Agate. 
For Srrprines, a Certificate was awarded to Mr. 
Searnell, for a seedling Tulip, a flower having a well- 
formed cup, pure white ground, with deep feather, and 
beam of a cherry-rose. Pelargoniums : 1st class Cer- 
tifieate to Mr. Miller, for Mount Etna, and Vulgais, 
& ansies : Certificate to Mr. Thompson, of Iver, for a 
ne seedling named Duchess of Rutland, and Satirist ; 
and the same to Mr. Hall, for a seedling named Rainbow. 
4 Dictionary of Modern Gardening. By Geo. W. 
ohnson, Esq. 12mo. Baldwin. 
gib name of Dietionary has always been received 
Avourably by gardeners ever since Philip Miller ap- 
pu it to one of the best books that has been written, 
he form of such a work renders it so convenient for 
Teference, and it is so especially suited to persons who 
ire not received a high education, or been specially 
rained in the knowledge of Horticulture, that it will 
inue be acceptable to the mass of readers, But in 
ese days of shilling volumes, a great practical difficulty 
eee the compilation of such a work on account of 
e extent of the subject. In Miller's time, when gar- 
pene) was in its youth, a heavy folio was not too large 
to contain his ^ wi ible then must 
it be to compress into a duodecimo the endless details 
of modern horticulture. 
_ Nevertheless, Mr. Johnson has made the attempt ; 
his work consists of 700 pages and upwards, and it Sod. 
tins, perhaps, 3500 subjects, as near as we can calcu- 
te. Such being the case, the reader will not expect 
Much discussion, or extensive details; nor does it ap- 
Pear to have been the author’s purpose to give them. 
thy the contrary, a large number of the articles are like 
following :— 
Ozothamnus.—Three species. Greenhouse ever- 
ae shrubs, probably hardy. Young cuttings, Loam 
eat, 
« $ ‘5 
Pachydendron.—Seven species. Greenhouse tree 
Ui —Two species. Greenhouse decidu- 
ous succulents. Cuttings slightly dried. Sandy turfy 
loam and peat. 
hyrh latus.— 
* Pachyrhisu tove g twiner. 
Tubers, seed, and cuttings. Rich light loam.” 
Others are longer, as 
“ Gentianell& (Gentiana acaulis) is a hardy and 
herbaceous creeper. Sow the seeds of this as soon as 
they are ripe (otherwise they soon lose the power of 
vegetation), in pans filled with rather heavy peat. Sow 
on the surface, without any covering except a slight 
sprinkling of silver sand ; then place the pans either 
in a cold frame facing the north, and kept close, or on 
the north side of a wall, where they are completely 
screened from the sun, and cover them with a hand- 
glass. Soil.—A light loam suits it best; manured 
annually with leaf mould. If the subsoil is dry, the 
soil may be advantageously more clayey.” 
The plan of the author is to give space to matter 
according to its assumed importance. But where the 
ibjeet requires it, this brief style is cast off, and good 
i t 
g 
‘tations are introduced, as those under the heads 
of Hedge, Greenhouse Plants, Pelargonium, Cueumber, 
Monthly Calendars, Bombyx, &e. As an example of 
the latter, we take a part of the article on the Law re- 
lating to Gardens. 
* Landlord and Tenant.—Lord Kenyon was of 
opinion that market gardeners and nurserymen may 
remove the greenhouses and hothouses which they have 
erected on the land of which they are tenants, even 
without an agreement ; but this is doubtful; they 
may, however, remove [trees, or such as are likely to 
become so, in the necessary course of their trade. If 
it were otherwise, the very object of their holding 
would be defeated (Penton v. Robart, 2 East, 90). But 
the out-going tenant of a garden must not at the end of 
his term plough up Strawberry-beds in full bearing, 
whieh when he entered he bought of a former tenant ; 
although it is the general praetice to appraise and pay 
for these plants as between outgoing and incoming 
tenants. For such conduct is malicious and not in the 
due course of business. (Wetherell v. Howell, 1 Camp- 
bell, 227.) So a tenant (not a gardener by trade) must 
not remove a Box edging planted on ground rented by 
him of another. Neither is he entitled, says Mr. Justice 
Littledale (unless by special agreement), to remove 
flowers which he had planted. (Empsom v. Soden, 4 
Barn. and Adolph. 655.) And a similar decision has 
determined that a farmer who raises young fruit trees 
on the land he hires, for filling up an orchard upon the 
premises, is not entitled to sell those young trees ; but 
it is otherwise of a nurseryman by trade. (Wyndham 
v. Way, 4 Taunton, 346.) 
* Even if nurserymen are entitled, without a special 
agreement, to remove the hothouses they have erected 
upon their landlord's land, which is very doubtful, that 
right does not extend in every instance to other tenants. 
Thus, a tenant was adjudged not entitled to remove a 
conservatory erected by himself on a brick founda- 
tion, attached to a dwelling-h , and icati 
with it by windows and a door, and by a flue passing 
into the parlour chimney, (Buckland y. Butterfield, 
2 Brod. and Bing., 54.) A tenant is liable to pay for 
the waste if he cuts down any fruit-trees in the garden 
or orchard he holds, but not if they are not growing 
within the garden or orchard, (Coke’s Litt. 53 a.) But 
he may take away a wooden shed which he had built 
on brickwork, and posts and rails he had put up. 
(Fitzherbert v. Shaw, 1 H. Blackstone, 259.) 
* Law Protecting Gardens.—Gardens were not suf- 
ficiently protected by law until the year 1828, when the 
statute 7 & 8 Geo. IV., c. 29 was passed. 
* Section 38 of this statute enacts that to steal, eut, 
break, root up, or otherwise destroy or damage with 
intent to steal, the whole or any part of any tree, sap- 
ling, or shrub, or any underwood, above the value of 1l. 
respectively growing in any park, pleasure-ground, 
orchard or ayenue, or in any ground adjoining or be- 
longing to any dwelling-house, or above the value of 5/. 
in any other situation, is felony, and punishable as sim- 
ple larceny. 
* By section 39, if the ‘injury to the trees, shrubs, 
&e., amounts to less than 14, but to ls. at the least, 
then summary punishment may be inflicted by a justice 
of the peace. A fine may be imposed not exceeding 5/. 
above the injury done, upon the first conviction ; by 
imprisonment, with hard labour, not exceeding twelve 
months, upon a second conviction, and if the conviction 
take place before two justices of the peace, by public 
or private whipping ; and the third offence, after two 
previous convictions, is felony, punishable as simple 
arceny. 
“ By sections 40, 41, and 43, to steal, or to cut, break, 
or throw down, with intent to steal, any part of any 
live or dead fence, or any wooden post, pale, or rail, 
set up or used as a fence, or any stile or gate, or any 
part thereof ; or to have possession of the whole or any 
part of any sapling or shrub, or any underwood, or any 
part of any live or dead fence, or any post, pale, rail, 
stile or gate, or any part thereof respectively, of the 
value of 2s., without satisfactorily accounting for that 
possession; and to steal, or destroy, or damage with 
intent to steal, any cultivated root or plant used for the 
‘ood of man or beast, or for medicine, or distilling or 
dyeing, or for or in the course of manufacture, growing 
in any land, open or inclosed, not being a garden, 
orchard, or nursery-ground, is punishable upon sum- 
mary iction, by fine, impri with or without 
hard labour, and by public or private whipping, ac- 
cording to the nature of the offence. 
* So, by section 42, to steal or destroy, or damage 
with intent to steal, any plant, root, fruit, or vegetable 
production, growing in any garden, orchard, nursery- 
ground, hothouse, or conservatory, is for the first 
offence, punishable, upon summary conviction, by im- 
prisonment, with or without hard labour, not exceeding 
six months, or by fine, not exceeding 207; but the 
second offence is felony, punishable as simple lareeny, 
“ Lastly, by section 44, to steal, or rip, cut, or break 
with intent to steal, any glass or woodwork belonging to 
any building whatsoever, or any lead, iron, copper, brass, 
or other metal, or any utensil or fixture, whether made o! 
metal or other material, respectively fixed to any 
building, or anything made of metal fixed in any land, 
being private property, or for a fence to any dwelling- 
house, garden, or area, or in any square, street, or 
other place dedicated to publie use or ornament, is 
felony, punishable as simple larceny.” 
These specimens serve to show the general nature 
of Mr. Johnson's book. Its utility is indisputable, 
especially to amateurs and young gardeners, to whom 
we recommend it. Its faults are those which are in- 
separable from its conciseness ; its merit is the skill 
with which the matter is condensed and selected. We 
should have been glad, however, to have seen fewer typo- 
graphical errors among the names of plants ; but they 
are blemishes rather than drawbacks from usefulness, 
and will hardly be r by the majority of the 
readers for whom the work is intended. 
timely application of this most imp element. For 
my own part, I like the morning as a general rule; 
more especially for such things as have been recently 
planted out, such as bedded plants in the flower-garden, 
and young vegetables transplanted from the seed-beds in 
the kitchen garden. To saturate the soil in such cases 
is, in my opinion, highly improper, as leading to a cone 
siderable waste of the accumulated ground heat, and 
also as tending to exclude the genial influence of the 
atmosphere. With regard to young stock of this kind, 
frequent sprinklings are all that is required ; in fact, a 
kind of eutting treatment, chiefly in order to prevent 
undue perspiration in the leaf. If this waste is pre- 
vented through the day by early morning watering, the 
plants may safely be left to the dews during the night. 
Fin ed pots should at all times be used, and light 
sprinklings repeated will prevent the soil from becoming 
puddled. 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, &c. 
Conservatory.—Towards the end of the month some of 
the hardier stock in this strueture, such, for instance, 
as the hybrid Rhododendrons, Camellias forming buds, 
and Orange-trees in tubs or pots, may be set out of 
doors. This will give liberty to such of the stock as 
must be suffered to remain, both on account of their 
tenderness and of the display they make. A sheltered 
spot should be selected, but by no means under the drip 
of trees. A tem y awning should be suspended 
over them for a week or two at first, but ofa very thin 
character. When they are reconciled to the ehange, 
such as the Oranges may be removed to other situa- 
tions in the openair. Stove and Orchids.—Such of the 
stove plants or those belonging to an intermediate house 
as have made a good and early growth, may now be re- 
moved to a cooler shade, which will arrest their rapid 
vegetation in some degree, causing robustness of habit, 
and in many a tendency to produce autumn and winter 
flowers.  Orchids.—Every attention should now be 
paid to keeping down vermin in the Orchidaceous- 
house; nothing short of extermination should ever 
satisfy the zealous eultivator. I find nothing better 
than fresh and sweet bran for snails and slugs. This 
may be placed about the pots either in oyster- 
shells or erocks in the afternoon, and should be 
examined by candle-light at eight or nine o'clock 3 
choosing such plants for baiting as possess tender buds 
and roots above the level of the soil. Mixed Green- 
house.—Heaths in full growth will, at this period, re- 
quire abundance of water, at least in bright weather, 
Many good specimens are lost through imperfect water- 
ing.. The Erythrina Christa-galli isa fine old plant; 
cuttings may be made of the young shoots of those 
which have been headed down. The old plants started 
on heat in January, and now exhausted with flowering, 
if removed to a cool and light greenhouse, and suffere 
to go to rest, will bloom well a second time in Septem- 
ber, by the excitement of heat and moisture, after rest- 
ing a few weeks. Pits or Frames.—After the stock for 
the flower-garden masses are removed hence, all the 
surplus Verbenas, Fuchsias, Geraniums, Calceolarias, 
Petunias, &e., remaining in store pots, should be potted 
off forthwith into 3-inch pots, and should receive every 
attention in the way of cultivation. As soon as they grow 
freely they should be stopped, and made to form bushy 
plants. These will be a reserve, to succeed plants in 
full bloom at this period, and also to fill up gaps as 
they occur in the beds or borders. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pines.—This is the period in which both rapid and 
substantial growth should take place in the young 
Pines. Having secured a powerful action of root, by 
the use of thorough drainage, mellow and wholesome 
soils, and a quiet but uniform bottom heat; the next 
points are, to feed (where watering is required) with 
