22—1846.] 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE, 
359. 
prize for the best of any colour, Blue Bonnet, Mr. 
Green; 1, Mr, Battersby, for Fletcher’s Mary Ann, 
Leigh's Colonel Taylor, Lee's Bright Venus, Barker's 
Nonsuch ; 2, Mr. Green, for Booth's Freedom, Ken- 
yon's Ringleader, Taylor’s Favourite, Clegg’s Blue 
Bonnet; 2, Mr. Oldham, for Leigh's Colonel Taylor, 
Fletcher’s Mary Ann, Taylor's Favourite, Metropolitan; 
4, Mr. Bowman, for Stretches’ Alexander, Kenyon’s 
Ringleader, Taylor’s Glory and Squire Mundy. Green 
dges: Oliver’s Lovely Ann, Mr. Oldham ; Stretches’ 
Alexander, Mr. Bowman; Buckley’s Jolly Tar, Mr. 
Battersby ; Booth's Freedom, Mr. Green; Warris 
Union, Mr. Battersby; Lady Ann Wilbraham, Mr. 
reen. Grey Edges: Fletcher’s Mary Ann, Mr. Bat- 
tersby ; Thompson’s Revenge, Mr. Green; Conqueror 
of Europe, Mr. Oldham ; Thompson’s Revenge, Mr. 
Bowman;  Fletcher's Mary Ann, Mr. Oldham ; 
Thompson's Bang-up, Mr. Battersby. White Edges: 
Taylor's Glory, Mr. Bowman ; do., Mr. Oldham ; Ken- 
yon's Lord Chancellor, Mr. Green ; Countess of Wilton, 
Taylor's Favorite, Mr. Bowman ; do., 
Barker's Nonsuch, Mr. Bat- 
Mr. Battersby ; 
Mr. Selfs : 
Middleton, near Manchester, Amateur Floricultural 
Society, April 27.—This, the 30th annual meeting, was 
more numerously attended than on any former occasion. 
Mr. J, Holland, florist, gave a large Cheshire cheese, 
weighing 3 a cwt., for the best pan of Auriculas, one ir 
each class, which was won by Colonel Lee, of Bag- 
slate, with the following varieties: Booth’s Freedom 
Sykes’ Complete, Taylor’s Favourite, Netherwood’s 
Othello, and Clegg’s Lord John Russell. Other prizes 
were awarded as follows: Green Edges: 1, Leigh’s 
Colonel Taylor, Mr. J. Ashworth; 2, Booth’s Free- 
dom, Mr. R. Lancashire; 3, Yates Morris’s Green 
Hero, Mr. D. Jackson; 4, Litton’s Imperator, Mr. S. 
5, Seedling, Mr. J. Heap; 6, Howard's 
5 . R. Lancashire ; 7, Beeston’s Fair Flora, 
Mr. C, Haslam ; 8, Pollitt’s Highland Laddie, Mr. R. 
Grey Edges: 1, Fletcher’s Mary Ann, 
r. John Buckley ; 2, Sykes’ Complete, Charles Bull, 
Esq. ; 3, Kenyon's Ringleader, Mr. J. Heap; 4, Grimes’ 
Privateer, Mr. R. Lancashire ; 5, Fletcher’s Ne-Plus- 
ltra, Mr. J. Ashworth; 6, Waterhouse’s Conqueror 
of Europe, Mr. E. Fallows; 7, Ashworth’s Newton 
Hero, Mr. J. Heap ; 8, Rider’s Waterloo, Mr. J. Heap. 
White Edges: 1, Lee’s Bright Venus, Mr. J 
worth ; 2, Taylor's Favourite, Mr. J. Heap ; 2, Seed- 
ling, Mr. J. Heap; 4, Ashworth’s Regular, Mr. D. 
Jackson; 5, Potts Regulator, Mr. Wm. Kent; 6, Seed- 
ling, Mr. John Buckley ; 7, Countess of Wilton, Mr. J. 
Cheetham ; 8, Seedling, Mr. J. Buckley. Selfs: 1, Clegg's 
Blue Bonnet, Mr. W. Kent ; 2, Netherwood’s Othello, 
Mr. R. Laneashire ; 3, Scholes’ Ned Lud, Mr. R. Lanca- 
shire; 4, Redman’s Metropolitan, Mr. J. Ashworth ; 5, 
Whittaker’s True Blue, Mr. R. Lancashire ; 6, Kaye’s 
Jupiter, Mr. J. Cheetham; 7, Berry's Lord Lee, Mr. C. 
Lee; 8, Grimes’ Flora's Flag, Mr. James Heap. 
Alpines: 1, Two Seedlings, Charles Bull, Esq.; 2, 
Champion of the Alps, Mr. H. Hilton; 3, Sarah, H, 
Hilton. Polyanthuses : 1, Clegg's Lord John Russell, 
Mr. J. Cheetham ; 2, Collier’s Princess Royal, Mr. J. 
Cheetham ; 3, Pearson’s Alexander, Mr. J. Cheetham ; 
4, Maud's Beauty of England, C. Bull, Esq. ; 5, Cox's 
Prince Regent, Mr. J. Cheetham ; 6, Hall’s Premier 
Peel, Mr. C. Lee ; 7, Nicholson’s Bang Europe, Mr. J. 
Ashworth ; Hufton's Lord Rancliffe, Mr. J. Olieeibarh 
9, Nicholson’s King, Mr. J. Heap ; 10, Fletcher’s De. 
fiance, Mr. J. Cheetham. 
Morningside Practical Gardeners’ Society, April 14. 
—This was the first meeting for this season, Several 
prizes were awarded ; but we have only been furnished 
with a list of awards without the names of the objects 
for which they were given. 
Webics, 
Rural Chemistry; an Elementary Introduction to the 
Science, in its relation to Agriculture. By Edward 
Solly, F.R.S. Second Edition. 
Tuts work has proved to be one of the best suited to 
practical men of all the treatises of a similar kind which 
the desire for Agricultural improvement has brought 
orth. We are therefore glad to announce a new edi- 
tion, very much improved and enlarged. The first 
edition contained 169 pages and 461 paragraphs ; this 
has 255 pages and 692 paragraphs ; it is, therefore, 
full of new matter, as well as being much improved in 
What remains of the first edition. 
Professor Solly having been incessantly engaged in 
experimental researches into the chemistry of Vegeta- 
tation for the last five years, has necessarily acquired 
much additional experience, which has enabled him to 
Correct or modify the views of chemists in various 
Points ; and in this work the publie has the condensed 
result, Ve therefore recommend it to all scientific 
Bardeners and farmers 
to those who would 
Present stato o£ di 
as a book which is indispensable 
a correct knowledge of the 
iémistry of v i 
jetation. 
New Garden Plants. 
30. Facoryrum cymosum. Loose-flowered Buckwheat. 
Hardy Perennial. (Buckwheats.*) Chinese Tartary. 
This plant was sent to the Horticultural Society by 
Captain Munro. It is certainly the species strangely 
called Polygonum eymosum by Treviranus, for it has 
no cymes. It would have been better to have taken 
Lehmann’s name of acutatum, but we are unwilling to 
disturb the existing terminology. It is a hardy peren- 
nial of the easiest culture, growing freely in any common 
garden soil, and increased either by seeds or dividing 
the roots, It flowers the first season from seed, and is 
well worth cultivating as an annual, for it blooms freely 
from July to September, and grows from 1 to 14 foot in 
height, forming a rather spreading bush. Like other 
Buckwheats it i i sort of bees. It is so 
much like the angulare of Nepal, that it 
may be easily mi: n for it. But that species has a 
regularly forked inflorescence, the arms of which are 
longer and more slender, and never in threes, as far as 
we can perceive. ‘The fruit too of P. triangulare is said 
to be blunt edged instead of sharp edged.—Bot. Reg. 
31. MUSSÆNDA MaACROPHYLLA. The large-leaved Mus- 
senda, Stove Shrub. (Cinchonads.*) Nepal. 
Dr. Wallich found this noble species on the mountains 
of Chundragiri and Nagarjoon in Nepal, in blossom 
during the r: season, in fruit during the winter. 
In cultivation it is found to be a stove shrub, which re- 
quires to be potted in loam and rough sandy peat in 
equal proportions, and, it being a plant of free growth, 
plenty of pot room. During summer, water should be 
given to its roots in abundance, and it should be 
syringed over-head once or twice a day. Few plants 
enjoy a damp warm atmosphere more than this. Like 
other plants it requires a season of rest, and therefore 
must be kept rather dry during winter, for if allowed to 
continue growing it will ultimately become feeble. It 
is multiplied by cuttings of young wood, treated in the 
usual way.— Botanical Register 
cellaneous. 
Resulis obtained in the Jardin des Plantes from 
seeds prepared by Mr. Bickes.—Many landowners and 
farmers in the neighbourhood of Cassel, in Belgium, 
and Franckfort-on-the-Maine, according to Mr. Bickes’s 
prospectus, appear to have obtained extraordinary re- 
sults from seeds prepared by him, even when sown on 
sandy, bad soils of the worst description in those coun- 
tries. In order to afford Mr. Biekes an opportunity of 
submitting his experiments to the test of public in- 
spection, some borders were employed in the Jardin 
des Plantes, in which the prepared seeds were sown by 
Mr. Bickes himself, in April, 1845 ; and adjoining, in 
the same kind of soil, similar portions of ground were 
sown with seeds which had undergone no preparation. 
The seeds were sown in garden soil, and also in an arti- 
ficial sandy soil. They consisted chiefly of the Cereals 
—Maize, Wheat, Rye, Oats ; and some Clover, Lucerne, 
Turnip, Beet, Flax, Hemp, Haricot ; in short, all kinds 
which, under the procedure, are stated to yield four 
times the produce derived from sowings made in the 
usual way. The result of the experiment was, that all 
the plants came up and grew as in ordinary cases ; no 
difference having been observed between those from 
prepared seeds and those from seeds not prepared. 
The Haricots, having been sown in the beginning of 
April, were partly decomposed in the ground, perished 
by the wet and cold, and consequently no result was 
obtained from them. The other plants exhibited their 
ordinary degree of development; they flowered, and 
ripened their seeds at the usual periods, without real- 
ising any of the advantages announced in Bickes's pros- 
pectus.—M. Pepin, in Revue Horticole.|| 
Galendar of Operations. 
(For the ensuing Week.) 
Stopping Vines.—Although much stress is con- 
tinually laid on the stopping of Vines during the grow- 
ing season, yet this important process has its limits, the 
passing of which will lead to weakness in the consti- 
tution of the Vine. Two reasons seem to exist in favour 
of the process ; the one, concentration of the powers of 
the Vine for a period in the immediate neighbourhood 
of the fruit, thereby increasing its size ; and the other 
the prevention of the secondary shoots of the Vine from 
‘overlapping and smothering the principal leaves. After 
these points are duly accomplished, Vines, especially 
c À be allowed to ramble freely, more espe- 
cially in the period between the first and last swelling, 
or during what is termed the stoning process. It is by 
no means uncommon to see young Vines nearly de- 
stroyed by overbearing, especially the Museats. ‘These 
“show” in an extraordinary way, on strong young 
canes in newly-made borders ; but if the fruit be allowed 
to remain, and close stopping be resorted to, the consti- 
tution of the Muscat will be completely broken up. 
Let such, however, be allowed to make as much wood 
as they please, and I will venture to predict a very differ- 
ent result. 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, &e. 
Conservatory.—Climbing or trained plants now require 
attention in regard to thinning, training, stopping, &e. 
If the sun shines very brightly, a slight shading would be 
of benefit for a few hours, on very hot day: The in- 
mates of such structures, however, are sometimes very 
* Ree Lindley’s ** Vegetable F 
these terius. 
M is 
The late Mr. Barker's Orchids.—It is reported that 
various in eharacter and habit, and the foregoing advice 
would be more applieable perhaps to the various New 
Holland plants, Oranges, Camellias, &e.— Stove and 
Orchids.— Thorough cleanliness, free ventilation, plenty 
of atmospherie moisture, and occasionally a slight shad- 
ing in very bright sunshine, are the prime requisites 
in these structures. No means should be neglected to 
encourage a free growth at this period in the Orchi- 
daceous tribes, in order to get their pseudo-bulbs firm, 
well-fed, and well ripened betimes. Mixed Greenhouse. 
—In all mild weather the fires to this structure may be 
nearly, or entirely dispensed with. Ifthe weather is genial 
and accompanied with bright sunshine, heat suficient 
for the night may be secured by shutting up ea: not, 
however, soon enough to scorch. A general rule can 
searcely be laid down in such cases to guide the inex- 
perienced. Ona sunny afternoon one half of the air 
be reduced at three o’clock, and the whole taken 
at four o’clock. Continue the various points of 
cultivation as before recommended, remembering that 
now is the period for rapid growth, and all the en- 
couragements accessory thereto. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pines.—Those who are for rapid growth, which is the 
very soul of Pine-growing, must take occasionally a 
lesson from ‘the Hamiltonian system ; ‘and, although 
we cannot, without the permanency of the tank system, 
grow and fruit two or three suckers on a plant, in about 
half the time that some of our best cultivators do bytheold 
system, yet we may at least call in to our aid some of the 
agencies by which these rapid and economical move- 
ments are effected. Amongst the foremost of these stand 
atmospheric moisture, which with Mr. H. is the pri- 
mum mobile; secondly, the careful preservation of the 
old roots, together with the acquisition of new ones, 
when accomplished without any sacrifice of the old 
ones, or of healthy green leaves. Recently shifted 
Pines should receive little or no water for the first fort- 
night after shifting—depending rather on frequent, 
though slight syringings. Vineries.—Those ripe or ripen- 
ing, must of course have no syringings, if a good bloom 
is desired. If, however, any.one is unfortunately 
plagued with the red spider, the bloom ought to be saeri- 
ficed for the sake of the health of the Vine. I per- 
sist at all times in the use of sulphur on the pipes, as 
described in an early Calendar, together with the con- 
stant use of abundance of water; and in eight houses 
under my care not a single spider can be found. Late 
Grapes.—Keep a quiet and soft atmosphere—neither 
hurrying nor starving them ; and, if possible, dispense 
with fire heat. Pay attention to the commence 
ment of this day's Calendar, as to stopping, &e. &e. 
Figs.—Stop constantly, as before observed, and give 
abundance of water. No person will succeed with 
Figs, if he suffers them to get quite dry. Peach-housee 
as before. In all the above forcing structures, let air— 
if ever so little—be given every morning, at this period 
by 7 o’clock at the latest, more especially back air to 
the Vineries. 
KITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
Let a sowing of Endive be made directly ; throw in 
a sprinkling of early Dutch Turnip on a cool border, 
neither digging nor using manure. It is a mistaken 
notion to persist in digging ground for these in kitchen 
gardens, so full of old manures; the Turnip being 
naturally too gross there, under any circumstances. L 
always choose the poorest and hardest ground I can 
find, and merely hoe the seed in ; by these means I can 
always procure good Turnips. Nothing can exceed well 
burnt ashes of any vegetable refuse for the Turnip. Let 
full erops of Kidney Beans be planted forthwith, and a 
row of Knight's Marrow ‘Peas, or the British Queen. 
The row should be prepared after the way of a Celery 
drill, and the manure completely saturated with mois- 
ture. Strawberries in blossom must be well watered ; 
I cover my rows with the old pic linings, chiefly half 
rotten leaves, and water over this. Remove some of 
the watery wood from the Currant bushes, and thin the 
Raspberry suckers, 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
Tulip-roots should be immediately taken out of the 
ground when the foliage assumes a yellow, withered 
appearance. In this season in particular, from the da- 
maged state of many collections, this should be carefully 
attended to. Should the bulbs be in a decayed state, 
the exterior coverings or skins should be removed, 
which will, I am sorry to say, bring many from a flower- 
ing state to mere offsets, They may, after being 
divested of all diseased parts, be put away in a cool and 
airy situation. — Ranunculus — Will shortly be in 
bloom ; these, to keep in perfection for some time, 
should have a light awning over them, when an occa- 
sional watering between the rows will be of service, 
Pinks.—The buds may benow thinned out, and where in- 
tended for exhibition they should be reduced to, at most, 
two. The laterals may also be removed. Watering once 
a-week with some liquid manure or guano, will now be 
requisite, Carnations and Picotees are, generally 
speaking, suffering this season, and, on the average, are 
not looking so well as usual ; attend to,the cleanliness 
of the plants, andkeep down the aphis or green fly, giving 
water and attending,to the general routine culture when 
required. Pansies should also be shaded from excessive 
sunlight ; they have been badly attacked by the legion 
of slugs which have everywhere abounded this season : 
hand-picking appears to be the only effectual remedy. 
Dahlias ought to be planted out without delay, and those 
which are sufficiently forward should be staked. 
FLOWER-GARD ND SHRUBBERIES. 
out Verben H 
ned if wt ali solid 
