420 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
[JUNE 20, 
was shown in the fact that manufacturers who had 
saved money were using it in giving employment to 
their feliow-countrymen instead of sending it abroad. 
He thought the farming of Essex susceptible of great | 1 
improvement; it was wrong, because it was unprofit- 
able to use waggons instead of earts—it was wrong to 
waste the liquid manure—it was wrong to plough shal- 
low—it was wrong to put in too much seed—and it was 
wrong to put in too little manure. In fact he could 
not do better than to quote again the example of his 
friend Hutley ; and it was certainly to be regretted 
that having made money he should not tell his brother 
farmers how he did it. He considered high farming 
very commendable, and this instance proved that it was 
high farming which paid best. With respect to his 
own experience at Tiptree, it was open to the examina- 
tion of every one. His caleulations ee hitherto been 
verified ; and if any gentleman would him a visit 
at harvest time, they might tell him of his faults as 
freely as he told them of theirs. But he must caution 
them against being prejudiced ; a farmer should be 
guided by facts; he must search for them wherever 
they are to be found, and then if he did not follow them 
up he was to blame. He had a strong love for the 
county of Essex ; he should endeavour to grow as much 
corn as he could at Tiptree Heath, and if they did not 
do the same he should tell them of it.—Mr. Marsden 
explained : His observations as to manufacturers and 
their workmen referred to the large establishments in 
the north. He admired the good speech of Mr. Mechi, |? 
and the good temper with which it had been delivered, 
but he thought it shaved him rather too close ely. 
(Laughter. )—Mr. Mechi rejoined, that the closer he 
Shaved his customers the better they liked him. (Loud 
laughter.) 
Miscellaneous. 
+ Influence of a Rotation of Crops on their Produce— 
From Land's End to St. Ives.— This is a busy active 
neighbourhood, the inhabitants being engaged in fishing, 
navigation, mining, or farming. The soil is exceed- 
ingly good, and notwithstanding its exposure to the 
sea, good erops of corn are grown on the verge of the 
cliffs 300 ft. above the wave. The farms vary from 
10 to 200 acres, few exceeding 100 or 150 acres. The 
rental averages from 30s. to 60s. per acre —a large pro- 
portion at 40s. The land in this neighbourhood lets 
exceedingly high from the peculiar character of the 
small farmers—a hardworking race of men, who keep |! 
a number of milch cows, breed an immense number of 
pigs, and grow large quantities of Potatoes. The ordi- 
nary course of eropping isto break three-year old pasture 
for Potatoes and Turnips, followed by Wheat, then 
Barley or Oats, and Gr: eds. ¢ On the better-culti- 
vated farms the rotation is generally Turnips, Wheat, 
Potatoes, Barley, and seeds ; the breadth of green crops 
averaging from 20 to 25 per cent. The difference in 
the two systems s is as follows :— 
| Under Ordinary Management. pem: System. 
100 acres. 
Produce per Acre. [Produce per Aer 
Potatoes From 8 to 10 tons 
27 to 30 bushels. 
[30 to 36 bushels. 
5 to 50 bushels. 
— Mr. Karkeek, English ae a ae s Vm nur 
Calendar ve Operations. 
Amona the operations justi iis "requiring the especial atten- 
tion of the EE d Met id hay- Per on which the follow- 
observ n Doyle in his “ Practical 
ind. E "from ‘Middleton’ s Lnd of Middlesex will be read 
with advanta: 
“In the first day’s process, all the Grass mown before nine 
o'clock i a me A is tedded or spread out, great care being. 
taken to it so as to leaveit es from sampe and to strew 
it aN or ‘ol the V hole surface of the ground. Itis soon after- 
wards turned, with an equal ppt e care and attention n 
if tbe number of hands be sufficient; teer, turn the whole again, 
or at least as much of it as they can before twelve or one 
o’clock. It is then raked into what are called single windrows ; 
orso that each person ma; row at SA three € gue 
tance; and the inet operation of the day is to put it up into 
Grass cocks. e business of the MM day ES 
by tedding all ihe see that was mown the first day ies nine 
o’clock, and all that was mown this day before that hour. The 
Grass cocks are then well shaken out Pind what m called 
x yards in breadth. 
tween the staddles rather large, they a 
deat and the rakings mixed with the i hay, in rere tod its 
all drying so as to be of an uniform colour. The staddles are 
next turned, and after that the Grass that iis tddded in the 
first part of "the morn: ing RE or twice, in the same manner as 
described in the first d. This eese Eis: all be per- 
formed before twelve ps one o'clock, that the whole may lie 
y: 4 f etween them o; 
double the size of the single windrows. each being About a or 
and conclude by putti 
The labour of the third day is raid by first 
own in the early part of this 
hen the Grass cocks are thrown inc into DURS as 
tard.cocks into staddles of less extent. 
These narrow staddles though last spread out are first aired! 
then those which were in Grass Um and rr the Grass is 
turned once or twice before twelve or one o'clock. When the 
een sunny and fine, the hay which was last night 
in bastard cocks, will this afternoon, pi in a proper state to be 
carried, as in fine seasons it may mostly be performed on the 
third day ; but when m Seen been cool and cloudy, no 
part will be probably fit to carry. In that case the first busi- 
morning spread from the swathes into single windrows. After 
ard ci 
he great cocks just Weserito d are xi carried 
befele dinner! ‘The other operations are similar to those of the 
former days, and proceed en (UE same order, continuing them. 
daily until e whole is fini 
ae the whole cow Bis of "hay-making the Grass shouid, 
s possible, be protected both in the night and day, 
S rdinstl rain and dew, by cocking. In districts Whiro he ha; 
season is later, and the weather more SERERE it would 
often be dangerous to expose the hay so much abroad as in the 
da duse more cautious method HOT probably be 
adoj 
d i seh cases, instead of keeping the hay almost VEU 
spread out and exposed to the EE DTE as in the preceding 
method, it may s Piin to put itinto small cocks soon after 
it has been cut id become a little made; these should 
then be frequently Medio over, but not spread out except when, 
the weather is in such a fine state as to insure their being pu. 
vs ktat i ia same state, without injury from the falling oF 
od is much more slow, though the hay is much 
qe den to! danger in wet ET than in that which has 
been describe: ove ; and when there is much heat it may be 
made with very little trouble. 5 E a. and without much ex- 
Copsa e its nutritious juices 
r practice that has been found useful in such situa- 
tions i Ud d ieee out the Grass that is mown, turn and windrow 
it on the first fine , and also to put it into small cocks when. 
ocks are 
are never rebroken 
t, being only lightened up to let the air pass through them 
perd freely. The « advantages in the ode are supposed by 
some to be, that from the regular tedding that is given, the hay 
becomes more ERE in quality, heats in the stack or mowin 
a more uniform and equal manner, and cuts out better in 
the truss. 
** No more of the produce should be thrown out than can be 
put into cock the same day, or before it is injured by a fall of 
rain, When the NEM jer is unsettled it ER often be permitted 
to remain in the swathe for several days, only taking care that 
iid abaia dnon benoni oloured by turning them over 
by the head of the rake, In this wa ill frequently be so 
uch made in a few days a as to require tittle: tedding vr 
to orm good hay, The preserving hay of a proper green colour 
is of some impor n order to effect this 
the bastard cocks previous to their being carried, should be put 
up in the heat of the day, and Toa in that condition till the 
following mor! ning, when they must be turned and opened so as 
to di pel any dai t might induce it to he mie in the stack, 
and in that way poll ie colour. e aequ of a lightish 
brown colour in k, is not found JUI IONS tohay; but 
when it becomes of a dark brown, from too much heat, itis 3 
to weaken ri i i 
dior etic pioneras 
y heats to such exces 
E 
reat NS. therefor P should 
wouter! tolto put h arge cocks, especially if it 
has been even once e (nle uhe heen Der fectly dried after- 
wi ards), for in such case it will Bx tain] 
ides E oe Carrots, I tanasida Wa gu early Swedes, 
o be repeatedly horse-hoed cas Lt and; hoed, 
the Ist to pps. of about 10 2d will 
ls of about M ins, š and t this inet P also 
answer well on most soils 'edish Tur 
Ti dee ais italian Jus 
hoi uo be watched that itn be 
Ñ 
a 
93 
i 
a 
E 
kd 
GE 
& 
Sas 
$ 
[3 
EE 
a 
A 
Foe 
EE 
athes By ie à day, and hes 
ed yas and tied i in she; 
and! nis in stooks till ready to 
dry grass inmost, 
Wotices to Correspondent: 
BunTHENS ON Lanp—& Ross—We do not print the lords’ senor 
for jo reasons : firstly, we have no room; and secondly, if 
, we can occupy space better, act, no man of 
common intelligence, be his political opinions what they 
may, can read it without Fd thatit is unworthy of the 
body from which it eman 
Ena. Ac. SOCIETY. clita roe—The period at which com- 
peting accounts “of tye por magie for Wheat must be de- 
livered to the Secretar een announced. 
doubt sufficient time Mar s Uter for the necessary 
eri 
AURI EA AND TENANT—J P Z should have been 
appy to assist you; but we n Suid stated our in- 
ability e give legal advice. 
Oat: —1f the vee otop hot, Oats will doubt- 
me v. E ite ht crop: andh ig On vill not, we think, be 
a bad speculation. What iJ px pcm may be worth any- 
thing fri rese 9d. to 1s, 1d. per Ib. 
tS J C—We SUO. prefer iving it about mid-day if 
panies benefited by it is to be dropped in the fold. 
SEIL ARM— on may learn how to make the greatest 
annual income off a small farm nsulting a pamphlet on 
small farms by Wm. Blacker, Es 
TASTE OF ER—Seeing that one of your correspondents 
mnes to Eno, the moat Paat manner for destr roying the 
tter, I send the following, being a com- 
strongest infus: on of nitre by pounding it in a 
ry two lta of milk be 
stirred up in ius warm milk as soon as it is EA in, and. 
all flavour of Turnips willy be removed,"— FE, 
Markets, 
SMITHFIELD, Monpay, iat dues Ex Metus, 
Best Scots, Herefords, Kc My 8t = Best Leng-wo: —8 
Best Short Horns -83 6 Ditto (el ai Dap so 
Second quality Beasts - 210 3 4| Ewesand second quality — -— — 
Calves 40 48 Ditto (shorn) 84 38 
Best ome Half. “predo - — | Lambs ~ = © 6@ 64 
Eun - i 0 4 Pigs GA " 4 8 
siderable demand, still the 
rate qualities, The best 
er more money. 
Tite is Going in Pigs; late rates are barely supporte 
5, 904; Sheep and Lambs, 15,000 ; Calves, 0895, Pi 
Ver 
800. 
‘Smithfield. 
HOPS, Frimay, June 
The accounts from the plantations coming more rura cantes our 
market to, be lower than last week. The duty is now laid at #120 
ness after dinner is to AT that TN was in Grass cocks last 
nightinto double windrows, then the Grass which was this 
‘he 
nowever, in many places als-ge quantity of vermin an ones 
ai, imjour opinion, the Hops re sill in a very precarious 
cannes & Face) Hop-Fav 
dowd 3 
‘ors, 
COVENT GARDEN, JUNE Z9.—Most kinds of Vegetables 
have been Pay supplied, : and all SR of Fruit in eraon 
except English Cherries may 
be obtained at from 6s. to 8s. per Ib. ote Grapes, o of om 
cellent quality, are abundant and tolerably chi eap. Som 
Plums, and a red. Ripe Gh quantity of Peaches and RpURURN 
a good TD p E and D erries ; un are 
at from 3s, to d. per dozen Ibe. Ripe 
to ronem their appearance in in tolerable abundance. Apple: Ed 
Pears being nearly over for 
nominai prices. Oranges, 
s 
nglish Melons may obtained at last week’s 
Of Vegetables, Asparagus is plentiful and excellent in 
POR Cabbages, Greens, &o., are good and sufficient for the 
mand.  Carrots and OUT "e ney and the same 
be said i wever, somewhat 
affected by the dry: weather, E Mangan Beans begin to rie 
their appearauce 
FEE 
10 and 12 n; but inferior samples m; ay e obtained at 
lower prices. sh-leaved Kidneys are rather dearer, and th: 
supply is somewhat limited. Let uces and other Salading are 
good and Mende Cut 
Jasmines, 
Pine Apple, perlb., 6s 
Grapes, Hothouse, per Tb ato 68 
Apples, Dess., per bush., 7s to 204 
elon 
emona, per dozen, 1s to 
i m 
js to5 
ome 6d to y^ Gi 
Seville, per 100, 5s to 16s 
per dozen, 28 to 2s 6d Walnu: te, Ber Ms]: 195 to 168 
Chesnute, per peck, 3s to 7« 
VEGETABLES. 
Cabbages, per foe (Ub H SA Carrote, Hn ipee | to ls ad 
EXE Onions, per hf.-s 0 4s 
Gixeuks per soe bincion\iaeeie dd 
artichokes, per doz 24 to 48 
French Beans, per 100, 2; to 34 
6; 
in lab, per. de s drea to Bs 
Shallots, per 1b. i e 
Garlic, per lb., 6d to 8d 
: Lettuce, per score, Cab. 4 
Sorrel, per hf.-sieve, 9d to 1s Cos, 4d to 146d 
Potatoes, aeta 70s to 1808 Radiation 12 hands, 4d to 1s 
ES s 48 to 98 Mushrooms " 
isl, Bs to 4 0 Small Sal per po & 
BER por doz. lbi, äs tods | Fennel, nee VO. 3d to ad 
. — frame) por Ib 6d to lod tory, per bunch, 4d to od 
Furnigs, per Bauch, dd w i P Thyme, per bunch 
Red Beet, per doz., 6d to Le 6 Waters ; bun. 6d to 8d 
federico TU Parsley, SUR Panoh d toed 
bundle, le 
trragon, per bunch, 6d 
int, green, per bunch, Sa to Bd 
arjoram, per bunch 
Chervil, per pugnet, 24 1088 
Rhubarb, per bundle, 54 to is Roots, per 
Asparagus, per bundle, 1s to 4s Ta 
Cucumbers, each, 4d to Is 
Spinach, por sieve, 9d to Le 
TESE pOr des bunches, la to Ja Gd 
dalie per bundle, 9s to 3a 
HAY. 
Per Load of a6 russes, 
SMITHFIELD, Jur 
cima Mend.Hay 80s to E: 
tafe New & Rowen 55 
siete, 98s NewClr. 70a to E 
1g ran 
Sor 
SER Coopss, RUE d 
CUMBERLAND Mateo June 1 
Pel [mp Mond, Hay isto 90s | Old Clover 110 to 115 
E . 60 70 z i 
NewHay < eo 70 
$E 1103s to 98 
New Clover 80 
us OSHOA inc Hay Salasma 
WHITECHAPEL, June 19. 
Fine Old Hay - Tato 80s] Ola Clover Lids tonie 
Inferior Hay - Infr. 9» — 90 Straw — 20s.to 348 
Nivel P RUE LA SION VES 
OTA TOES SOULE Du, MM M June 15, 
resh arrivale last week from Yorks hire an 
which took the ie trade hare was on old Potato EYE 
lefc of forme arrivals ware s y matkesrable at any pei 
lay and a 
ente from. Scotland arriy eiy thia ay 
goes are in à heated and This is a d 
ere h s sold du: ing ihe Tin month x Y 
v also si 
e o stores, which are at present 
follows; hut sévorL of (he qu. Maions 
Bids 
York Reds, ie $1 1403 per ton; ditto Regents 
h Reds, 208 s to 708 pi 
RK-LANE, Moxpar, june 
es 
The supply rà Bnglish Wheat by lan iage samples this 
morning ion aller than of lat eats ealised an 
ddvanibel Gf Uto Has per ati INTEGRE S Wiole IAH TEN 
closretl oa AB ms 
gn is extremely limited, and t 
demand for bonded to export has nearly subsided.—Barle; 
more inquired ae and our quotations are fully suj ior m 
Beans must be written 1s, per qr. and Peas of all sorts, 1s. t 
2s. per qr. dinge —Oats ale readily at an advance of ‘Is. per 
qr. upon the prices of this day se'nnight. 
ITISH, PER IMPERIAL QUARTER. $. 8 $5 
Wheat, Essex, Kent, and Suffolk. MILLE Red. 30 be 
— Noctoll Lincolnshire, and Yor] 50 54 White 60 55 
Barley, ing and dheilling. Vis tod Chevalier 30 sa Grad, 39 2 
Orts insanire and Yo rkshire .  . Polands 95 99 Feed 28 77 
N borland and So sotoh ^ a. ^. Feed 24 98 Potato 27 9 
: : Feed 22 s6 Potato 35 9) 
H E . + 64 60 
Malt, Ala ahfin 
Ber are Tk! 
ord ante 3 " 
oma Mj 
Beans, Mazagany old and new ` 28 to 40 ‘Tick’ $9 46 
geon, Hellgola and ; 84%0 52 Winds 
ale p 
Peas, Whit ite * ^o. 86 to A. TM 2) 38 
Greya 1198 B 
The supplies of Fnglish on dusk the week have been 
small—those from abroad moderate. vet no dor bonded 
causes an inereased i inquit for, DUE ad 
which a1 her, as also floating cargoes of the former. fi 
Oats sre likewise belt wiih great firmness, but the attempt © 
raise prices checks business, 
IMPERIAL acum 
eat. | Bi | Oats. | Ri jeans. | Penry 
May 9per Quarter. bör 8d| 9 Sas 9d) a8e[5d| Sta sa| B4 
ZA Mer Ur a i otal LUZ A 4 i| ss 5| 3611 | 5476 
— $28 , . «| B6 5| 9810| 23 8| 34 6 | a6 o | 94 
— 8 . . .| 53 4| $8 4| 98. 9 | 32 4| 3510 | 94 io 
Jun. — 6 . + «| 5210| 97 8| 93 4| 2210 | 3810 | 94g 
= 18. .:.]| 680] 37 a | 938 8| 8 95 8| Siom 
| 8 
6 weeks’ Aggreg. Aver. | 64 7| 98 6| sa s| 93 9| 9510] 96 — 
Duttes on Forelgn Grain 18 5| 9 al 5 al o a 7 6| 55 
ho 
Diagram showing the fucsuations in the price of Corn on the averte D 
ending Saturday, Jun 
May 16 | May 23 | Mayigo | Juxx 6 
Prion, May 9 pe 
578 oa oo 
s 
5 
9 
5 
1 
es .. 
10 
9 
8 
0 
Kunasronp AnD LA 
