484 
THE GARDENERS' 
CHRONICLE. 
[Jury 18, 
little as 3s. Lycaste Skinneri from l/. 3s. to 2/. 2s. 
Cyenoches oan: 2L 12s. 6d. Lelia super 
Tiens from 125. to 1. 2. '0- 
liquid manure rather frequently, except where heavy 
syringing is pacis which, with high temperatures 
and 
seum, 2]. Lacæna P 21. aan the sum n 
duced was 1701. for 182 lots 
AExiraordinary Flight of Buiterflies.—One of the 
Jargest flight of butterflies ever seen in this country, 
erossed the Channel from France to England, on Sun- 
day last, Such was the density and extent of the cloud 
formed by the living mass, that it completely obscured 
Zhe sun from the people on board our continental 
steamers, on their passage, for many hundreds of yards, 
while the insects strewed the decks in all directions. 
"The flight reached England about 12 o'clock at noon, 
and =o themselves inland and along shore, dark- 
ening the air as they went. During the sea passage of 
the butterflies the weather was calm and sunny, with 
a puff of wind stirring ; but an hour or so after 
they reached zerra firma, it came on to blow great guns 
from S.W., the direction whence the insects came.— 
Canterbury Journal. 
Commercial value of Insects.—The importance of 
Xmaects, commercially speaking, is scarcely ever thought 
ef Great Britain does not pay less than a million of 
dollars annually for the dried carcases of the tiny in- 
meet, the cochineal; and another Indian insect, gum 
shellac, is searcely less valuable. More than a million 
and a half of human beings derive their sole support 
from the culture and manufacture of silk ; and the silk- 
worm alone creates an annual circulating medium of 
nearly 200 millions of dollars. Half a million of dollars 
is annually spent in England alone for foreign honey ; 
atleast 10,000 cwt. of wax is imported into that country 
every year. Then there are the gall nuts of commerce, 
used for dyeing and making ink, &c.; while the can- 
&harides or Spanish fly is an absolute indispensable in 
materia medica.—Boston Transcript. 
The Death’s-Head Moth—Twenty specimens of 
full-grown larvee of this scarce moth have been taken 
from the plant Lycium Europzeum, or Tea-tree, in Ter- 
xaee-lane, at the back of Downing-terrace, growing 
ihe top of the house on the slate, "They were 
first discovered on Saturday, the 4th inst., by four or 
five falling from the roof on to the pavement. ‘The oc- 
eupiers of the house killed them as monsters unknown. 
enny, of Downing-terrace, was fortunate enough 
1o obtain about a dozen of them. A ladder was ob- 
tained, and 12 fine full-grown specimens are now gone 
to earth for their transformation. Mr. Denny states 
that he never found the caterpillar before, except on 
the Potato, Jasmine, Woody Nightshade, Thorn-apple, 
and Elder, but never recollects any being taken upon 
the Lycium. ella Chronicle. 
Calendar of Operations. 
(For the ensuing Week.) 
Propagation of Flowers for Masses.—This is a most 
important matter, ai and much depends on its being per- 
formed in due time. If store plants for the ensuing 
year are propagated and potted off too late, they will 
not be easily preserved during the winter ; the sooner 
this matter is proeeeded with therefore tlie better. A 
vaised bed should be prepared in a situation where con- 
The soil should be free 
they come to hand ; for after all it must be a progres- 
miums, Anagallis, Petunias, 
Wierembergias, Perpetual Roses, ba Mule 
Pinks, Picotees, Double Wallflowers, Jacobseas, with 
mumerovs other mass or border-flowers, may be suc- 
eessively put out, as cuttings of a proper character can 
be obtained. They should be slightly watered when 
put out, and should receive a slight shading in sunshine 
for the first month, after E they may be gradually 
inured both to sunlight and 
CONSERVATORIES, TOV: 
Conservatory.—Follow up EPCM E “such of the 
hard-wooded tribes as require it. A turfy compost of 
three parts sandy heath soil, of a fibrous and rather 
lumpy character, and one part sound loam of a similar 
texture, will suit the majority. The more tender kinds 
will require lumps of charcoal, stone, or erocks, intro- 
Queed occasionally until near the surface of the pot. 
Let every attention possible be paid to the most 
thorough drainage ; this cannot be too SOD pte 
care especia 
elosed up in consequence, 
mach aroi of draining material rests ngon t on 
all will be Mixed 
=n the order of the day here also. vm to FS 
Principles of thorough drainage as explained in the Con- 
servatory section, Keep a sharp eye on the winter 
flowers. Now is the time to lay the foundation of a 
geod late display. Cinerarias, Chinese Primroses, the 
Anane Boleyn Pink, Heliotropes, Fuchsias, in succession; 
Chrysanthemums, and above all, the Perpetual, Tea, and 
ether Roses, must be well attended to in regard to 
watering, shifting, &e. Remember that the final shift 
should be given betimes to those intended to flower in 
the autumn. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pines of all ages will now be making very great pro- 
gress; attend to shifting in due course; water with 
of air, will super- 
sede, in some ee. the necessity of much watering. 
Be sure to give abundance of air to all rapid-growing 
young stock in dung pits. Vineries.—Continue to re- 
move, in a progressive way, the laterals of ripening 
Grapes, provided they shade the main leaves; other- 
wise they are of benefit, in my opinion. Give abundance 
of air as soon as Grapes begin to colour, and do not, by 
any means, hurry that part of the process, more espe- 
cially if heavily cropped. Figs as before. Peaches.— 
The early crop, if gathered, may have the lights taken 
off ; it will tend to keep the young wood in a healthy 
state for a longer period : however, there is no absolute 
necessity for this. Those intended for very early forcing 
may have any late rambling growths stopped, in order 
to stay the action of the root and induce an early rest. 
Syringe, however, heavily morning and evening, using 
a thin decoction of soap-suds occasionally. Late Melons. 
—As soon asa crop is set and swelling, give the exterior 
of the hiils a soaking of warm liquid manure, depending 
on light syringings afterwards and shutting up early on 
all bright days. Do not s linings through the 
to get à Hes poa heat for striking ‘cuttings, you can use 
it so, but i required for heating the house.—If you 
have lost s yu crop of Grapes, destroy the oan but 
there must have been bad management somewhere. 
AERE S—You are right. It is the Altica nemorum, 
led Turnip-fly, which is devouring the 
P A- Please to send S te caterpillars, and we will advise 
you what is to be done. R.—A Constant Reader—If you will 
turn up the earth Hu find the nests of the ants, and pour 
boiling water into them, the insects must be des royed ; or 
you can water with gas-water along the base of the wall. R. 
——G B—The slug-caterpillars, which feed upon the leaves 
of the Pear-tree, chan, nge to a saw- fly, called Selandria 
cerasi. Cannot you syringe the tree with Tobacco water, 
and afterwards dust the MT with soot and wood ashes t R. 
——4A Constant Reader— s Julus pulchellus ; 2, the true 
Wireworm ; 3, Sestopeltratoipinokais 4, Tulus terrestris. Re 
LAURELS—Alpha—Prune them in is is not so good & 
time; for if we have a wet autumn m will not ripen their 
wood. We know of no work on Figs separately; neither do 
we dare answer your law question, You should consult 
some ecclesiastical lawyer. 
Laws—I O N—We really cannot venture to give you a Lege 
opinion; we presume that you have no remedy, but y. 
should consult t your solicitor. 
——D L—2, Escallonia rubra, and 1 must be 
the same. ete S— Chenopodium Bonus H 
W W W—Clitoria ED NE 
—— Ghent —No. 567 is a new 
one. We néversaw it gone itis near saccata.——Broughton 
opas uua qum and cip pumila. 
not expect that a jest 
circumstance of a sunny day or Endea- 
vour to keep the bottom heat fom 5° to 10? in advance 
of the average atmospheric hea‘ 
TCHEN GARDEN nus ORCHARD. 
See that newly planted crops of Greens, Broccolies, 
C., receive a good watering or two to give them a 
start, provided the weather is bright and dry. Sow 
another bed of Endive forthwith; this will come in 
very useful. Follow up planting Celery as spare ground 
and suitable weather occurs, and be sure to water most 
thoroughly that already planted. People sometimes 
complain of their Celery plants “running ;” Celery 
plants removed in a gross state need little more than 
drought to bring on the flowering habit. Get a good 
breadth of ground ready for a crop of Winter Coleworts; 
do not be afraid;of manure for them. Orchard.—Per- 
severe in pruning back or eradicating all superfluous 
breastwood, more especially in trained trees. Get all 
summer nailing completed as soon as you are able, re- 
membering that the wood of Peaches, Nectarines, and 
Apricots is seldom over ripe in this climate, frequently, 
indeed, the reverse. Disbud the gross wood from Figs, 
reserving the moderate wood, but, above all, the short- 
jointed, 
FLOWER.GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, 
Trimming, staking, and pegging down must be well 
followed up at this period, provided high dress is re- 
quired. See that extra strong stalks are afforded to 
plants of heavy foliage and gross habits, as the Dahlias, 
Delphiniums, Asters, Phloxes, &e., &e. Continue to fill 
up blanks as they occur, from the reserve ground, and 
attend to the layering of Carnations. 
AGERS' GARDENS. 
As in last Calendar. If the Potato disease returns, I 
would advise that the haulm be cut off immediately and 
burnt ; quicklime should be tried, slaked on the spot, 
to prevent, its "ye in the earlier stage. 
State of the Weather, near London, for the week E Jaly 16, 1846, as 
vedat the Horticultural Garden, Chisw. 
YU Moers ( BAROWETER. | Tame ‘Wind. | Rain 
: | Max. Em 
Frid. 10 78 739 
Sat. ni 38 
Sun. 12 
Mon. y 
Tues. 14 
Wed. 15 78 
Thurs, 16 70 02 
Average | 99.967 | 29.797 | 77.8| 59.1! 64.7 al 
July 10— Rain; heavy showers; clear 
1—Partially overcast light clouds and very fine throughout 
2—l Tear an ry fine 
ig—Clondless nad hot; lear ond fine at night 
M4—Cloudless, with hot breeze; vary fine at night 
weveast; very fine through 
gl 
15- 
1e—| 
Be 
Ed 
M 
= 
B 
< 
8 
3 
2 
E] 
2 
Eira vamperntuesolenetwese d deg. above the average. 
State of Sa eatery Hi Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
ing Week -— July 25, 1846. 
TOTTE Winds 
"" ar doe CORE 2 zE 
D juantity |,» dl: 
T * ren whichit | Gr Rain, IZ EE EE 
Sun. 19 7| ma fos) m | ocom: BEBE 
Mon. s0| 70.7 | 51-4 |eto| 13 1.47 sj—| 1] 8| 8| 1 
Tues 21| 71.7 51.8 | ees 7 0.54 2—|1|.—|8|6/5|3 
Wed,22| 71.3 520 | 61.7 18 1.87 8| 3| 1—| 2) 6| 4| 1 
Thur.93| 7L4 | 529 | 621 oso l3 3— 1) 3| b| 4 
Pri. 24| 725 | 597 | 626 4 10 |—| 6] 3| 1| 2| 4| 2| 2 
Sat. 25| 747 | 522 | 63.4 4 0.92 aj 4 2—1 a| 7| 1 
i 
The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 25th, 
1844—therm.93? ; and the lowest on the 24th, 1838, and 23d, 1834—therm. 40°, 
Notices to d 
would have met ere WOEN xp Of course the word 
s absurd—but what then ? it does well enough ; ifit had 
Veoh better people would have been less likely to read what i = 
said about it, The main point is the contrivance, and that 
ca] 
de) W—Under your circumstances it would have been im- 
possible to prevent some of the plants from starting; we only 
wonder that it has nothappened to more, You have done all 
that you or any one else could do. They must take their 
chance 
POLMA ONDE. shall hear about this very soon. 
PoraTors—Tizy—Your suggestion respecting the paper is not 
La Rey We dare not advise you what to do with the 
to field. Some which were looking geplozabiy] a fort- 
this and some of the N eN counties. At the Diamon: 
at Charlemont; at Corr and DAE n m. set in, and i is 
porn making its devastations ; and wi e been informed 
by Mr. Legatt, the intelligent steward of me Tal of Roden, 
at usu, t has manifested itself in the fields under 
ave no idea that Oaks from cuttings p may be 
struck) will ERE good t troos; they are more likely, in this 
climate, to become bush 
RosEs—One whom a Garden ı makes happy—All Roses may be 
struck from cuttings, with due care; but the old French and 
Provins sorts are slow in making good plants, and are much 
better budded. Nine of the seeds have grown, but. we fear 
that they are 2 SE any value ; we shall see when they flower. 
UBEROSES—A. Constant Roader -We will reprint the article by 
and by ; this is tot the seas 
ou can ooren the fane of the ground 
th water in the evening, the garden will be 
much benefited, but a slight sprinkling i OF little service; 
the reason why ‘gardeners object to watering in hot weather, 
is that the ground i a apt to becom: d. 
Misc.—J U Y—Your enquiry has no relation to the purposes 
of this Journal, nor have we any eno wiedbe 2 b m 
you ask about. You should enquire of on the 
Moro hien i tan dd Seagull ween vit feeding 
S s in nes BRI. it can get no worms or 
uad Se. bat it requires to be fed. He is fondest of 
fish ; but when hungry will dit boiled TN porridge, &€. 
It will, however, be cruel to attempt to keep him unless you 
have a pond for "him to swim in.. gt price for No. 2, 1846. 
RE abe FLOWERS, 
CALCEOLARIAS—M M R D—Compared with the Calceolarias 
raised in this part 4a the country, your specimens appear 
remarkably small; all p with impure grounds should 
be RA as1,5,24, 28, 82, 34, The your flowers 
EU 3, 7, 3, 18, 19, 21 ra 27, 90, and Bs D rest are 
i s nothing remarkable in your flowers ; 8n are ssi ani 
similar in arning g to many varieties we have seen, 
F GNL—. mith's Queen Victoria 
in form, colour, ad size, with a lighter are and having the 
corolla more apone; a fine showy variety. *”— H Cour 
seedling is pretty in colour, but there are several varieties in 
cultivation larger and very superior to it,“ 
GLOXINIAS— —Yvur seedling redd to be noimprove- 
ment on the Minds already in cultiv: 
PeLarcontums—W H PAE is stout and well 
formed, but not a flower of first-rate quality ; the top petals 
are not sufficiently even, and the centre wants whiteness + it 
will be a useful M 
ZNos, 1 and 2 aro the best TIE Wetec 
PosT-orrrcE OR DERS—In order to obviate the inconveniences 
are now constantly being PE Py parties who 
wish to remit small sums to the office of the GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE for Advertising, we have to E that all Post- 
office orders may in future be addressed to Mr. James MAT- 
THEWS, pper Wellington-street, Covent SE AE. and 
made payable at the RENE e, 180, Strand, Lon Post- 
office orders, remitted by Subscribers for the Se should 
be sent to the respective Agents who supply them. 
Friep CorK—A Subscriber inquires with reference to the re- 
commendation of cork cut into slices and fried as a good 
22 
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attri 
ARD WATER—E H—Try to soften it by dissolving in it a little 
carbonate of ammonia. It must be made the subject of 
experiment. 
Hearinc—Amateur—If your boiler has power enough, we see 
no reason why s should want tan at A im ou have no 
other object than what you mention, le of 4-inch 
pipes will give wan ample heat, If you y for i tan in order 
variegation is not Wed Vcl dul AE E 
Queen are Eo coarse varieties, and the former an. ill- -formed 
flower. Eclipse, Surmise, Gipsy, Picta, and Splendens art 
not equal to Minas sorts we have seen ; i od; 
are pretty veined varieties ; Caroline, mottled crimson, god 
‘Atrorubens, ditto; and Nigricans, a. rich velvety purple, 
best ofits colour we have seen,*——W our img 
Petunia is very large and showy, but there i rt a ib ie 
coarseness in the texture of the flower; as a showy 
gaiety, tu will have a striking effect from the MAS 
flow: 
NERSENID: ZZ Your seedling is novel and very pretty dod 
urple ground with a margin of violet purple roun "e 
division of the corolla, This is one of the best variega! 
pe Terietion we have seen.* t 
* As usual, many communications have been received Ea Ms 
"and 
can be made. We must also beg for the indulgence of sting 
numerous correspondents, the insertion of whose interes 
contributions is still delayed. 
