584 
THE GARDENERS' 
CHRONICLE. 
[Aue. 29, 
should be soiled up the stem as high as possible. Where 
such crops are on poor land, a dressing of guano at this 
period would be of eminent service. It might be intro- 
duced, as in South America, in the cultivation of 
Tobacco, Indian Corn, &e. ; viz., by hand, around the 
stems of the plants. I would advise the mixing it with 
four times its bulk of dry old tan, sawdust, charcoal- 
dust, or anything which will duly separate its particles. 
is process should, of course, precede the soiling. 
Where plants of this family are liable to “club,” this 
course will be found of much service ; as such fre- 
quently depend for their existence on a few late made 
surface roots. 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, &c. 
Continue to look over climbers, borders, &e. Large 
specimens, which had been removed out of doors, to 
give room, will soon require moving back to these 
structures ; indeed, the whole month of September will 
oceasionally call for business of this kind, The earth- 
worm is a greater enemy to pot plants in general than 
low p : every p ion must be taken to 
avoid their depredations.  Orchids.—Many of the 
earliest growths showing signs of ripeness in the leaf 
and plump pseudo bulbs, may be removed forthwith 
from the excitement of the growing house. Any situa- 
tion in the light, where a temperature averaging 60? 
er 65° night and day can be guaranteed, will suit 
them well: a very moderate amount of atmospheric 
moisture will suffice. Mixed Greenhouse.—Look well 
after late flowering things. "The late Heliotropes, scar- 
let Pelargoniums, Petunias, &e., if proceeded with as 
recommended weeks since, will now be somewhat pot- 
bound, aud will in tbat state, with the application of 
weak liquid manure, produce abuudance of blossom, on 
a light shelf, until the beginning of December. Lachen- 
alias should be instantly repotted; and the Per- 
sian Cyclamens, if planted out, as recommended in this 
Calendar in spring, will now be fine bushy plants, 
full of young leaves. They must be taken up forthwith, 
with all the soil possible ; potted carefully, and placed 
in a close frame, or propagating-house ; a bottom. heat 
of 75? would be an advantage, with a very moderate 
atmospherie temperature. After three weeks of this 
treatment, they may be introduced to the h 
where they will produce their fragrant blossoms in 
abundance, from November uatil April. Let the ama- 
teur, on a moderate scale, take a hint occasionally from 
the Conservatory section. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Late-swelling Pines will require liquid manure occa- 
sionally. Keep a very high and moist temperature to 
such at this period ; one week’s swelling now is worth 
a fortnigh/s in October. Syringe through their stems 
daily, and obtain atmospheric humidity by all possible 
means, With a bottom-heat not exceeding 85°, keep 
an atmospheric warmth daily of 85° or 95°, sinking at 
night to 80°. Vineries.— Late Grapes should now have 
careful attention ; decaying berries should be speedily 
removed with the scissors. Fires should be occa- 
sionally lighted in the morning, about 11 o'clock ; when 
the flues or pipes are fairly heated, they may go out. 
Give abundance of air by day, and at night leave plenty 
of back air. Look well to late Melons ; these deserve 
every attention at all times, now especially when fruit 
in general is scarce, If any suspicion exist of canker 
in the main stem, let the soil be cleared away forthwith ; 
then prop up the stem on a piece of brick or wood, so 
as to lay hollow, and when quite dry, raise a mound 
{composed of three parts quicklime, and one part char- 
coal dust) around the suspicious part; if this become 
damp afterwards, repeat the operation. Mushrooms.— 
Fresh made beds should have the holes for the 
spawn bored immediately the beds are made, more 
especially at this period, the great object being to 
prevent violent heating. It is the safest plan to 
suffer the bed to rise to its highest piteh of heat, and 
to be on the return before spawning. Beds, to be suc- 
cessful, should never heat stronger than the temperature 
of milk from the cow. If,in this downward course, 
they are spawned at 75° or 80°, they may be soiled 
over close on the heels of spawning ; indeed, this course 
I prefer, as it prevents the farther loss of the nutritious 
gases, 
KITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD, 
A rich border should now be got ready, and planted 
with the Bath or Brown Cos Lettuce ; these will carry 
out a supply until Christmas, in the open ground, pro- 
vided they are protected. eeks—a most useful 
vegetable in a variety of ways, should now be soiled up, 
after the manner of Broccoli ; a dr ssing of guano may 
be introduced, previously, if thes?oil is not sufficiently 
rich. If the Tomatoes ‘are over-luxuriant, cut away a 
portion of their roots. Late plantings of Endive must 
be made forthwith; this planting will be eligible to 
move into frames, with balls of earth, in November ; 
the soil must be very rich. ‘This is an excellent time 
to make a sowing of the Brown or Bath Cos, and Ham- 
mersmith Lettuces, to remain where sown through the 
winter, The beds should be elevated considerably, the 
higher the better, and the seed scattered broadeast, 
rather thinly, Let a good breadth of Coleworts be got 
out on well prepared ground ; as before observed, the 
Onion beds will be available. 
should now have attention ; the leaves of the runners 
will shade the principal leaves of the mother plant ; my 
practice is to mow down the runners, right and left, in 
order to throw sun-light on the leaves of those left. 
The mowing down the old plants is a mcst absurd 
process, which some still adhere to. Phytological prin- 
ciples and common sense are equally opposed to it. 
Let the winter Cauliflowers be sown directly, 
The old Strawherry rows | 
PLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 
The decay of some of the earlier flowers will now 
begin to leave blanks which will not be easily filled, 
unless a stock of large things in pots has been provided. 
In mixed beds, some of the late Phloxes, Asters, &c., 
may occasionally be untied, and made to occupy three 
or more sticks, in order to fill the blanks. Petunias, 
and other mass plants, of gross habit, should have a 
pruning betimes, to keep them within bounds. A few 
Crocuses, Snowdrops, &c., may be planted soon, to ob- 
tain an early bloom, Follow up closely all propagation 
matters, for next year's masses. 
JOTTAGERS' GARDENS. 
High cultivation, and thorough cleanliness, is hence- 
forward the main business with the Cottager. Let all 
the Cabbage or Broccoli tribes be well attended to, in 
regard to earthing up. elery also should receive 
similar attention, giving it little and often. A little 
Brown Cos, and hardy green Cabbage Lettuce, may be 
sown on a raised bed to stand the winter, choosing 
ground not over rich. A bed of Radishes sown now 
will be in use until Christmas. 
for the woek ending Aug. 27, 1846, as 
ick. 
State of the Weather near London 
obs. 
Wind. | Rain 
Mean. 
620 | N.E. | .08 
51.5 
Average | — 39.099 631! 61.9 «03 
Aug. $1—Densely cl: uded; rain; clear and Ene 
92— k at night. 
ii 
ne throughout 
è, but cool; cloudy and fine 
ar and fine at night 
27—Fine; dry air; very fine throughout, 
ean temperature of the week 1 deg. above the average, 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 20 years, for tho 
e Sap? 5, 1846. 
nsulng Weak ending Sept 
| | Nor oF | 6 Prevailing Winds 
Aver. | Aver. | ny, r reatest TEE 
Years in tera 
Aug. |Highest| Lowest | Mean) Yea quantity |; ii |. 
T 3 Temp| whichit | cated Es} 
Temp.| Temp P) Rained, | of Bain. alee 
| 60.8 0.921n. |— 2 E 
| 58. n 9.92 — 4| 1 
i 
559| 10 1.50 E 
60.1 8 0.98 18|1 
68,9 8 0.48 l al 1| 
59.7 11 0.58 48/1 
59.0 | 10 ogo 24 9 
The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 1st, 
1814—thorm.94? ; and the lowest on the Ist, 1841—therm. 26% 
Wotices to Correspondents. 
Booxs—W R—We do not know whether Mrs, Loudon’s “ Wild 
Flowers” continue to appear.—Z—The “ Vegetable King- 
dom” gives you such information relating to all matters be- 
longing to the uses of plants as we have any knowledge o! 
Dauttas—A Young Florist, Treland—If fancy Dahlias are exhi- 
bited for prizes, they should be exhibited against other stands 
e same class, not mi i e regular show 
A stand composed of 36 blooms, the colours arranged in the 
proportion you mention could not be beaten but by similar 
wers in à greater state of perfection.* 
Frowzn-PoTS—G G—We are not aware whether the suspended 
flower-pots used in France are sold here. If they were for 
sale they would probably be advertised. 
Founrains—Pleasure—We cannot afford to give sketches of 
these things. You should ask the makers of ornamental 
vases for patterns, and please yourself, The basin may be 
formed in any way that suits your pocket. It may be merely 
puddled, or built with brick and good cement, or constructed 
of marble. Upon points of this kind you should consult your 
builder, who will give you estimates for the works. 
the tree ought to acquire in a given time, under favour 
circumstances. Leave the strong shoots that are being made 
on the lower portions of your elsewhere weak stems till 
in, in order to strengthen the roots, he mode of pro- 
ceeding will then depend on whether you prefer strong clean 
stems to early fruiting. || 
GnaPrs—S F W—When the berries get mouldy, itis a sure sign 
that a sufficiently free circulation of air hasnot been afforded.|| 
—L » Muscat Fontainebleau is not known. Pro- 
bably it is the Chasselas de Fontainebleau, which is the same 
as the well-known Royal Museadine. || 
Ham—K Cragg—The material which you have sent is cer- 
tainly to the naked eye very similar to human hair. But 
under the microscope the likeness vanishes, and it proves to 
be vegetable fibre, blackened by age or the peaty water, and 
separated into bundles: it was probably the underground 
stem of some Rush, but it would take more time than we can 
spare to determine that point, if it is determinable. 
HrATING— Constant Reader-—Employ Polmaise. t 
nsects—A M—Your beautiful caterpillar will change to the 
Emperor moth, named Saturnia Pavonia minor, R.—— 
Winton—The plant-bug upon the Potatoes belongs to the 
genus Lygus; it is abundant upon our own cro; 
know nothing more of its economy. Any facts relating to it 
will be acceptable. 7e.———4 W H—Your moth is not common; 
it is called Sphinx Convolvuli. I cannot name the one you 
saw flying, for want of the specimen. R. J C—The Potatoes 
i i The skipping animal is 
Smynthurus, and the little black one is Thrips minutis- 
ima. H.—— Turnips—A field is going off rapidly in Essex 
from the united attacks of surface-caterpillars, wireworms, 
and the maggots of Anthomyia Brassicw. /2.——4 S—A good 
dressing of wood ashes or soot will be most likely, with 
autumn trenching, to free the soil from the Onion pests. X. 
——A B—Not finding any insect with your Pelargoniums, I 
cannot say what itis. May it not be a caterpillar which feeds 
at night upon your plants? #..J N—It is the Aranea 
diadema, and will catch the flies. Your eggs are the cocoons 
of some insect, which I will name when you send specimens. 
You will find upwards of 100 illustrated essays in the vols. 
of the Gardeners’ Chronicle, upon insects injurious to the cul- 
tivator, which is more than can be found in any book we 
know of. Ji e 
JERUSALEM KALE—O C—This should be sown in March and 
n in Lindley's ‘Elements of 
otany,"p. 95. Dichlamydeous signifies having both calyx 
and corolla; monodiehlamydeous, having either a calyx 
only, or in some cases a corolla also. Amygdaloid means 
Names or PLANTS—W A—Apparently Geranium  Wallichia- 
num. Dendrobium 
ascertain whether it is new or not without a complete plant 
‘or examination; there is a si i 
i Mie 
E 
B 
has Leuik —Buphane ciliaris ; itis not of much interest, 
except to botanists.—— Tome—Y.our JEschynanthus must be 
new to gardens, unless it is one of Mr. Veitch’s recent im- 
portations. If you willsend us a better specimen we will 
give it a careful examination; but do not let it be crushed. 
What is Aisch. Roxburghii? We have no arrears of plants 
to name; therefore if you have not had au answer about 
your Maxillaria we have not received it, ——D B—The herb 
which you brought from the Continent and which is used to 
stew eels (auw fines herbes), is common Marjoram (Origanum 
vulgare) in a young state, gathered before the flowers are 
formed.— Pomona—Cornus mascula, the Cornel tree or Cor- 
nelian Cherry, ——6G R—Conyolyulus althwoides and Melilotus 
leucantha.. J T 0—1, Pteris chinensis; 2, P. as 
3, Adiantum cuneatum ; 4, Pentapetes phcenicea.,—R B— 
It looks like M. annua; but it is too shrivelled for exami- 
nation. 
Pracnes—W H M-—The Pound, or Morrisania Pound Peach, is 
an American variety, resembling the Late Admirable, when 
the season is hot, ‘The tree is vigorous,but on the whole the 
Late Admirable is to be preferred.|| 
Pzans—J G—For a west aspect in North Wales, Knight's 
Monarch, Althorp Crassane, Thompson’s, Marie Louise, 
Easter Beurré, Hacon's Incomparable.|| ^ 
PINE-APPLES: e assertion made by a person signing him- 
self Hortensis is false, as Mr. Collinson would have told him 
if he had taken the trouble to inquire. Mr. Collinson was 
answered immediately, and the matter explained, as far as it 
was capable of explanation. 
PorxAISE—Z M H—Mr. Meek is not a professional man, and 
we cannot think of troubling him with mere details of ar- 
rangement. They are the business of architects and builders, 
who must study the principle, and learn how to a j| 
their employers. One of the advantages of the plan consists 
in its compelling people to think.—4A Senicr Fellow—Your 
note will be laid before the Garden Committee, 
Porarors—W—Many thanks. 
tuber, but it will render it more liable to decay. 
Potato salesmen what they do with cargoes that have been 
accidentally washed with sea-water. If the Potatoes buried 
in sand mixed with salt did keep, it must have been in spite 
of the salt, and in consequence of cold. ae 
ToADS—A Sub—We are not aware that toads eat fish, but it is 
not impossible that they should, if they can catch them. | 
TunNIPS— — The malady you allude to is quite distinct 
from the Potato disease. It probably attacks Turnips every 
year, and sometimes does much mischief, rapidly converting 
the whole root into putrid pulp. But it is local, and seems to 
e in some way connected with a very rapid growth, No 
remedy is known. 
VERBENAS—Anna—lf you are right, somebody has stolen your 
foreign kinds, and substituted the home made sort. 
Wonrms—O—They are immediately driven away from flower- 
pots by clear lime-water.—— S 7—Quick lime will remove 
them ; but we do not know whether gas lime would, Surely 
your land must be ill drained. E i 
Misc —C Stuart—We have a paper in preparation that wil 
exactly meet your wants, and next week will possibly produce 
it. il the beg you to exercise your patience.$— — 
JIves—Your Melons are possibly too dry at the root; that 
would cause the leaves to droop and die as you describe.]—— 
W M—If you do not care fi blossoms in the ensuing 
season you had better remove the buds from your Rhododen- 
drons ; they will no doubt bloom better the following season. 
We cannot recommend you a purchaser for your volumes.t 
——Micklewell—The plant you name is the white Crinum 
longiflorum. We will answer your note privately in a few 
days. 
SEEDLING FLOWERS. " 
ACHIMENER— K W—Your seedling is nothing more than longi- 
flora ; if in colour it is equal to the original, and it remains 
longer in flower, itis a desirable quality." 3 j^ 
ANTIRRHINUMS—S B— There appears to be no decided noyes 
among your seedlings as regards colour, and they are sma 
compared to those we are in the habit of seeing,” t 
Fucustas—J B—Of your seedlings we prefer No. 3, ashor 
stout flower, with a rich vermilion corolla. Next to this br 
place Diana, a rich and bright variety. In Hebe the sepals 
have a faded appearance, and the eorolla is rather faint in 
colour. In4, the sepals are long and drooping, hiding too 
much of the corolla.*——4 J L—No. 1 is bright and showy, 
but we think the partial unfolding of the corolla a great de- 
fect, and prefer No. 2, a stout flower, rich in colour, wit s 
better opposition between the tube and corolla. 16 is a aos 
variety, good in colour and form, a large and handsome 
The flowers of 100 w 
mens, which prevents our noticing them more paredat 
eer 
ur. 
E 
= 
2 
= 
> 
S 
5 
F1 
z 
m 
u 
& 
Ibrahim Paeha is desirable in colour, but the flowers are to? 
crumpled.* i W—Your scarlet Verbena is a good variety, 
ith well-formed flowers ; but it i ior in. 2 
other varieties in cultivation.*——B B—No. 1, a bright scat 
let, not equal to many already out. 4, white; wanting puri 
not equal to the whites in cultivation. 10 is too dull. 
35, a bright pink, wanting a white eye, and the outline of the 
lower too much cut in upon, 37, a fine rich crimson maroon, 
with white eye; a desirable variety for a collection.* i 
EnnATUM—In Mr. Silverlock’s Advertisement, of 22d August, 
in first page, bottom o: 
packet," read **2s, 6d,” 
eol, b, for “Geranium Seed 1s. per 
