632 r 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
[SEPT. 19, 
the most necessary, yet the most negiected. It does 
certainly appear strange that so much fuss should be 
made about modes of pruning (dignified by the title of 
systems), when the trees are stripped of their leaves ; 
whilst even by some of these systematists they are 
shamefully neglected at the very period when the rivalry 
of contending shoots and the darkness occasioned by 
watery breastwood, are so very prejudicial to the wel- 
fare of the true bearing shoots or spurs. ence in 
the spring we hear so many complaints of the trees 
blooming irregularly, “ breaking blind,” blossoms pro- 
duced without pistils, &e. &c. My advice at this period 
is to go over all trained trees once more, and entirely 
remove all late growths except from the lower and in- 
ferior shoots on Peach and Nectarine trees ; these may 
be kept grewing as late as possible, in order to encour- 
age strength in those parts, and to equalise the sap in the 
ensuing year, by the enlargement of their capacities for 
its reception. Pears will be found to benefit much by 
this mode of procedure ; indeed, I had the whole of the 
snags left by shortening back the young spray in June, 
totally removed in the first week of September. Much 
earlier than this would not answer ; for, although it 
might not cause the true blossom-buds of next year to 
* push,” it would cause them to elongate, thereby pro- 
ducing abortive blossoms and malformations in the fruit; 
of which we have had so many and extraordinary ex- 
amples this spring and summer. Late-growing Vines 
should also undergo the same process; at the same 
time removing every lateral that is shading the prin- 
cipal leaves. This treatment should be applied to Vines 
in-doors, as well as on the open walls. 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, &e, 
Conservatory.—Many of our summer favourites will 
now be on the eve of departure here, if not already 
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with kinds peculiar to the autumn months. 
mansias and Clerodendrons make an admirable dis- 
play here at this period ; some large specimens should 
be grown late every season for this very purpose. They 
do admirably through the summer in any common 
Vinery or Peach-house, provided they are duly sup- 
plied with water, and kept perfectly free from insects, 
Let all large Orange trees, Camellias, or other large 
specimens belonging to such structures, be brought 
within cover betimes. Amongst Climbers, the Stephan- 
otis and the Pergularia, grown on ornamental trellises, 
show themselves peculiarly eligible to be introduced 
here on the decay of other flowers. The Jasmimums 
also, especially J. sambae, are valuable things thus 
treated. Ihave had them in flower on pot trellises 
continually since May; the principal treatment is stop- 
ping every luxuriant shoot as soon as it is a few joints 
ong. Orchids.—Several of the Dendrobiums, Aerides, 
Saceolabiums, Vandas, &c., will still make considerable 
growth, by the application of a high temperature, with 
much moisture, taking care to increase the amount of 
sunlight. Cattleyas should not be encouraged to grow 
after this time, if good blooms are required ; young 
specimens may, however, be kept growing still, for the 
sake of size. Stanhopeas, which have made robust 
growth, should have a diminished supply of water, as 
well as decreased temperature, and less shading ; those 
still growing may be watered freely. Mixed Green- 
house.—The F: i are very l plants, 
and well adapted for those who have only one house. 
The F. Hopeana, although an old kind, is still very use- 
ful, and moreover, very fragrant. The young rambling 
shoots should be constantly stopped ; this will induce 
them to bloom freely, and keep the plantsin a bushy state. 
Stout young Mignonette plants, potted immediately, 
and kept under cutting treatment for a week or more, 
will flower nicely in November and December, when 
every little matter of this kind will be acceptable. 
The Cyclamen hederifolium is a nice little thing grown 
in pots, for those of limited room ; indeed, the whole 
family of the Cyclamens is particularly ornamental, and 
easy of cultivation, The Linum trigynum is a pretty 
winter flower ; one or two should grace every collection. 
As before observed, continue daily to house anything 
likely to suffer by the autumn frosts. The present 
weather is extremely flattering, and will, I have little 
doubt, prove a trap to many. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pines.—Those grown in dung pits should now re- 
ceive a free circulation of air, and a very moderate 
supply of water, in order to harden them for the 
winter. Shut up a very considerable amount of solar 
heat to late-swelling fruit, letting the thermometer sink 
to 70° by dark, accompanied by very much atmospheric 
moisture. In all these matters it is of vast importance, 
more especially in spring and autumn, to observe a 
steady relation between heat and light. Vines.—Those 
intended for very early forcing may now be pruned, 
stopping all their wounds immediately with some white- 
lead to prevent bleeding in spring, This course is most 
Necessary with young and gross Vines. Late Grapes 
will now require a fire occasionally, when dull or rainy 
days supervene ; let it be lighted early in the morning, 
and suffered to burn out by 4 o’clock in the evening, 
giving abundance of air all the time, and the same 
freely all night. Avoid all use of water within the house. w 
ELOY } 
WER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, | 
Every attention shuld be paid at this period to col- | 
leeting seeds of popular flowers for mixed beds, or 
masses of next year. The Petunias, Salvia patens, the 
various Pents Cal rias, the Antirrhi 
with a host of annuals and other things, may be at 
this period collected. Gardeners in general can scarcely 
be expected to save many seeds ; those who have small 
l 
| NAMES or PLANTS— 
gardens may, however, do much in this way. Some of 
the climbers also produce seeds, such as the Tropzeo- 
lums, the Maurandyas, the Lophospermums, &e. Let 
the planting of bulbs for very early work proceed di- 
d 
lating to that science, and must devote his life to its study ; 
he thus may gain as much knowledge as the existing state of 
science can supply. In botany “ School Botany ” is intended 
to teach students their rudiments by means of a few common 
plants. The “Vegetable Kingdom” is a condensed view of 
the i es, and organisation of about 90,000 
rectly. Borders or beds deficient in the S: p, the 
Crocus, or the Narcissus, should have some introduced. 
The main planting, however, may be reserved for the 
early part of November. A few of the earlier sorts of 
Hyacinths may also be planted, covering them 4 or 5 
inches in depth, and surrounding the bulb with sand. 
TCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
The young Cabbage beds should be looked all over, and 
the most forward transplanted or “ pricked out” forth- 
with. I wouldadvise every attention to this, as possibly the 
Potato murrain may visit us earlier next year, in which 
event the winter Cabbages would be a most important 
erop, and be planted in greater breadth than ever. Let 
a‘continual succession of the forward Endive be tied for 
the salad bowl. Continue to earth Celery—little and 
often is my maxim. make it a rule to sow fresh 
slaked quicklime through all my Celery immediately 
previous to my first earthing. I have found by expe- 
rience that the Celery bed is the best slug trap in the 
garden; I therefore perform as it were a double 
operation, I preserve my Celery unblemished, and I 
destroy a vast amount of these pests. The lime, how- 
ever, must not be applied hot, and it must be shook in 
carefully in the heart of the plant, not in coarse lumps. 
On the heels of this operation I follow with my first 
hand earthing. Keep tying autumn Lettuce, and sow a 
raised bed in a warm situation with Radishes ; these 
will come in through November, and even up to 
Christmas, with a slight covering occasionally. 
OTTAGERS' GARDENS. 
Let the August-sown Cabbage-plants be pricked out 
forthwith, for reasons given under the section * Kitchen 
Garden." Continue to earth up Celery ; and for fur- 
ther directions look to the other parts of the Calendar. 
ESTING. 
Those who propagate for themselves will find this an 
excellent time to get out cuttings of all evergreens, 
choosing a shady situation. The Deodar will strike 
admirably now, under some covering. I put out nearly 
a thousand some years ago, in the end of September ; 
they were covered with a common hand-glass, and in 
February were plunged in a little bottom-heat ; nearly 
every one rooted, and they have since made as fine 
trees as seedlings. The bottom-heat might have been 
FOR: 
dispensed with, only the process would haye been 
somewhat slower. . 
ending Sept. 17, 1846, as 
" 
Wind. | Rain 
Average 
Sept, 11—Overcast and fine throughout 
19— Fine, with clouds; pariislly overcast 
ightly overcast 
and fine 
13—Olear and fine; very fine; slig 
ht. 
} deg. above the average. 
Stato of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
n«utng Week ending Sept. 26, 1646. 
‘Aver, | Aver. | No. of | Breatan | er 
Sept. |Highest Lowest Pemp] whichis | TUamelty | [si 
Senp remp SOS Geel E A 
Sun. 0| 66.9 | 453 | 561 8 0.45 in. | E 
Mon. 91| 664 | 457 | 56.1 10 0.80 2 2 
Tues 22| 664 | 453 | 55.9 9 940 | 1 
Wed 23| 65.4 458 | 55.8 9 0.8! | n 
Thur.24| 65.2 468 | 5 9 0.75 =| r 
ri. 95 65.8 | 45.6 55.6 9 0.30 d 1 
Sar. 26 66.5 | 46.2 6.8 | 12 0.69 1 1 
The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 25th, 
1832—therm, 82? ; and the lowest on the 23d, 1845—therm. 309. 
WNotices to Correspondents. 
Disrases—R B D—We never yet knew a season in which 
They are 
against the 
leaves and at the same time kills the tender extremities of 
the shoots whereon are situated the embryo Figs, that ought 
to ripen in the following summer ; the older formations will 
not stand, their growth being too far advanced to linger with- 
out withering till vegetation again takes place in May; as 
well might any half-blown flower remain in the same condi- 
tion from this time till next spring.ll 
HxzaATING—G.J C—For heating a greenhouse 20 feet by 10, you 
will find Polmaise the best and cheapest plan.} 
NSECTS— Emil—Please to send some of the flies in a pill-box. 
If they do not fly, they might be swept into a basin of hot- 
water. R.—— Rus in urbe—If you search at night you will pro- 
bably detect the culprit, but as we can find no insect with the 
it is impossible to advise you further. R. E W—I 
is an Acarus which infests your Tomatoes, but I cannot think 
the insects are the cause of the disease, from which Eu 
Ro——J07T 
ot which changes 
to a beautiful fly called Tephitis Onopordi. It will not 
do any serious mischief to the crop. R.——E H—Your Celery 
leaves are blistered by the same insect. J?.—— Tyro—I cannot 
give you any advice unless you send specimens of the bug, 
dic. there are several sorts, an 
Mexico; name was given by Mr. Bentham.J—u 
1, Stanhopea insignis; 2, S. oculata. We never recommend 
tradesmen, Any nurseryman can procure what you want for 
you.——.D J—Gaultheriaprocumbens.— —4non—Y our Dahlia 
Weltoniiis nothing more than the well known D, glabrata ; 
not worth cultivation, ——/ O—We do not know what you 
mean by a “flowering” Myrtle. Your plant is ay Myrtus of 
some sort, perhaps. erson who is to possess a “‘ thorough 
knowledge" of any science must have a library of books re- 
us 
species. It may be understood by a person who understands 
“School Botany," if he has a botanical glossary to refer to. 
A work intermediate between these two is in preparation by 
Dr. Lindley.——-C H—Narthecium ossifragum.—-k B— 
Your Martynia is withered and unrecognisabl why not 
pack with a little care ?— W Scott—1 looks like Woodsia 
ilvensis grown in heat; 2, Pteris longifolia ; 5, Lycopodium 
complanatum. The rest are barren, and barren Ferns can- 
not be named.— Bota—1, Eleocharis acicularis ; 2, Isolepis 
à —— 8 G N—Scilla autumnalis, Jasione montana, 
Atriplex laciniata. 
PINE-APPLES—G— We repeat our answer to the statement of a 
person calling himself ** Hortensis," and we shall make no 
other reply. It is incredible that Mr. C. can have given him 
the information he pretends to have received ; for we have at 
this moment before us the correspondence that has taken. 
place with Mr. C. upon the subject. 
PornwArsE—Senez— This method is by far the best for you to 
adopt. We should have thought that the plan of Mr. Meek's 
house, given at p. 563, would have fully explained how to 
execute itin your case. Atl you have to do is to get rid of 
the masonry for “ bottom-heat.” If you are still in doubt, 
your best way will be to consult Mr, Plumridge, of Bletch- 
ingly, near Nutfield, who ilt Mr. Meek’s, and perfectly 
UNDERSTANDS what he is about, —— @ 7—V—Owr 
Chromatella—See last answer.——J Gr—If you have really 
any doubt about this matter, pray look at the report of the 
Caledonian Horticultural Society, in another column, 
PorATOES—A New Sub—Since ress for an answer we are 
obliged to say that your communication has been consigned. 
to the waste paper basket. _We cannot conceive how any one 
of common sense can imagine guano to be the cause of the 
Potato disease. The idea is preposterous. Just inquire of 
your neighbours how many of them, whose crops have 
F diseased, ever used guano, 
St. — 
1 0 ep your Chorozema seeds till spring. 
It you raise them now they will probably damp off during 
vinter. 
4 inches deep, and 4 inches from each other, thi 
e TOWS across 
the bed being 6 inches wide. Itis, however, yet fully soon for 
Full directions wi! 
be found in 
inter, 
7 —Move all 
ed, in November, if you can. Read 
the “ Theory of Horticulture.” —Novice—Cuttings of Carna- 
tions, Picotees, and Roses will strike witheut any artificial 
heat; but, since you have convenience, « little will hasten 
their rooting.[——4 B—When you top Euphorbia jacquini- 
flora shake a little dry sand 
help to stop the bleeding. Passiflora Bonapart 
ouse plant. Your Thunbergias, &c. are possibly suffering 
from the effects of red spider, to which they ave very subject. 
Fumes of sulphur are the best remedy ; but care must be 
taken not to burn the leaves.|——# M—The Arracacha will 
do no good in our climate, See remarks on the subject at 
L F— Legg's Hydraulic Machine is advertised 
Weekly.j[——£ W—Your Pelargonium leaves are affected by 
the spot. It is probably damp that produces the mischief, 
A dilute solution nitro-muriatic acid, it has been 
said, stays its progress; we doubt it.{——Aicite—Tie your 
Rose-buds with worsted, which is rather more elastic than. 
matting, and less liable to cut the stock. If time will allow, 
you might go over the buds immediately after the latter 
have taken, and undo the ties a little previous to their final 
removal, which should be as soon as is consistent with safety. 
We have had no experience with India-rubber strips.[——. 
Mary Anne—Erythrina laurifolia will succeed in a mixture of 
peat, turfy loam, and leaf mould, in nearly equal proportions. 
Cuttings of Ficus elastica may be struck now in heat.]- 
Paul Jones—You can have the Numbers. S H—Wardian 
Cases may be made by any carpenter. (See No. 1, 1844,)f 
—H H H—Mandevilla suaveolens is a greenhouse plant.f 
blighted appearance.{—J #—You will find excellent di- 
rections for the management of Filberts at p. 51, 1841, where 
also the Kentish method is explained. The trees are kept 
dwarf, with a singie stem 1 foot high, and pruned as Currant 
trees usually are.[——7 J—A Canavalia was once called a 
Dolichos. Canavalia ensifolia is a rambling plant, and the 
account you have been reading of it is wrong. 
SEEDLING FLOWERS, 
ANTIRRIINUMS— X X—Your seedlings are inferior to the older 
kinds.*—— S B—No. 1 is a very pretty flower, but the differ- 
ence is too slight to constitute it a new variety; the same 
may be said of 2 and 3. : 
Fucnsras—Z P—Both your seedlings are good varieties, but 
they are no improvement upon the s: in cultivation, The 
Maid of Kent is the better of the two. n Old Subscriber 
tube and sepals. 
not expand suffi 
advantage, *——.H W 
tube with vermilion corolla, whic! 
sepals expanding well.\——H B € € 
pose to name Purity, white 
milion corolla, is a Preity, flowei 
B G C—Elegans i: 
PrruNiAs—W R—s—Your seedlings are pretty specimens of 
veined varieties, but not superior to the sorts cultivated. 
——8 E—Deli F 
ulture; 8, white with pencilled eye; 12 similar, 
inferior; and 6 renders 9 useless ; 7 and 
decayed.* y 
Pisx—H B M—The lacing of your seedling is 
itis of no value as a show-flower on account 
edges of the petals,* 
LS EONO 91 i ved variety, but the out- 
VERBENAS—S E—No, 2isa rich-coloured Yann ions onthe 
very perfect, but 
t of cho serrated 
flowers are large, rick 
truss ; it is one of the best of it 
ad ste ee 
Richard Forre: 
for “forest” trees rea 
pillia f 
p and pees colour, a deep bright red. 
st & Co.'s adv. of Sept. 
d “fruit” trees. 
EnnATUM,—Iu Messy 
12, line 11 from top, 
