THE GARDENERS' 
:89—1846.] CHRONICLE. 643 
HYAGINTHS, TULIPS, RANUNCULUSES, ANEMONES, might be done in this way, and we shall probably | correspondent, of last week, spoke to the same fact. 
Ron GERANIUMS, AND LILIUM LANCT-| resume the subject. ear Hythe, in Kent, the crop is better than last 
GROOM, Crarmaw Riss, near Loxpon (removed 
* from Walworth), by APPOINTMENT FLORIST To HER 
Masmsry THE QUEEN, and to Hrs MAJESTY THE KING OF Saxony, 
begs to recommend to the attention of the Nobility, Gentry, 
Amateurs, his extensive assortment of the above FLOWERS, 
Which he can supply of the best quality. He begs to state 
at this is a good season of the year to make a selection of the 
various kinds, 
CINTHS, in 25 fine sorts, named .. 
25 HYA . £1 5:0 
100 TULIPS, in 100 fine sorts, named s. 1. 3. 7 7 0 
100 Ditto in 50 ditto ditto 5 5 
Superfine Mixtures, per 100, from 10s. 6d. to 21s. 
100 RANUNCULUSES, in 100 Superfine sorts, named 210 0 
T 
Superfine Mixtures, per ieee TEE 0 
100 ANEMONES, in 100 Superfine sorts, named  .. 115 0 
New Collection of 50 Superfine sorts. T € 
Superfine Mixtures, per 100 .. se ss s. 010 6 
25 AURICULAS, in 25 Superfine sorts, named .. 210 0 
S 
25 GERANIUMS, in 25 Superfine sorts ditto 
ood kinds, per d 12. 
Zir lt m from 
LILIUM LANCIFOLIUM ALBUM, good bulbs, 
from 15, bd 
» m PUNCTATUM, from 5s 
» SPECLOSUM (true) -.. from 10s. 
A new collection of Hybrid Seedling Lilies, 6 so 
. GRoom begs to say his Catalogue of Bulbs, 
and will be forwarded by post on application. 
oreign orders executed, 
ROSES. 
MESSRS. LANE amp SON beg to announce that 
their CATALOGUE for the ensuing autumn is now ready, 
and will be forwarded as usual to all their obliging customers; 
and to others, by inclosing two penny stamps. It contains a 
Separate list of those sorts best suited for Pot Culture, taken 
from actual experience ; also for Pyramids, &c. 
Nurseries, Great Berkhampstead, Sept., 1846, 
The Gardeners’ Chronicle, 
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1846. 
MEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. 
Faray, Oct. 2--Botanic: H . B B Li LES 
Moxvay, — —  5—Entomologio] . 1  . grim, 
TumpAY, | — 8 PM. 
6—Horticultural ks ro bi 
We last week published the new regulations de- 
termined upon by the Horticultural Society for 
their Exursrrrons AT THE Garen in 1847. We 
now proceed to point out the more important of the 
changes that have been made. 
Two new prizes have been offered, one of the 
value of 157, and the other of 97. 10s. "The effect 
of this is to establish rewards of intermediate amount 
between 20/. and 107., and between 4/, and 17. 15s. 
In order to adjust this change the Large Gold 
Medal will be hereafter exchanged at the rate of 
157. only ; and the highest prize—that of 207.— 
Will be called the Certificate of Honour. 
Oo much i nience and disarrang t of 
the plans for showing has been produced by the 
system of taking places boterhenid, that it is now 
resolved that no places whatever shall be be- 
spoken ; but that the plants shall be placed by the 
Society's officers, as they arrive, and at their 
discretion. 
From the beginning of the exhibitions it has been: 
the practice to conceal from the judges the names of 
the persons to whom the exhibitions belonged ; 
numbers instead of names being employed to distin- 
Suish the collections. That system is put an end 
to. The names of exhibitors will be attached to 
their plants from the first, and the judges will 
make their awards with a knowledge of the persons 
Upon whom their prizes are conferred. Thus, 
While the Society takes the highest ground, it also 
es an act of justice to the integrity of the judges, 
Whose fairness long experience has shown to be un- 
questionable. We believe that it is also in contem- 
Plation to attach the names of the judges to each of 
awards. 
Some attempts at fraudulent showing having 
been detected, arrangements have been made to 
Suard against their recurrence. Plants grown in 
Small pots have been transferred to larger pots im- 
mediately before the exhibition, and flowers have 
een cunningly stuck on plants which never bore 
them. These things will scarcely happen again. 
Fruit is not required to be more ripe than would 
Satisfy the buyers in a market, Pine-apples are 
classified, and the value of the medals given for 
fruit is increased, 
The number of plants required for some of the 
large collections is reduced, while the prizes remain 
the same. At the same time the bad system of 
Showing duplicates is checked by defining the 
Xumber of duplicates which a given collection will 
e allowed to include. 
Finally, Fuchsias, Ranunculuses, and Moss 
*oses, no longer form distinct subjects of exhi- 
bition ; and on the other hand special medals are 
pered for Yellow Roses, Coniferous plants, Fancy 
elargoniums, Cape Orchids, Amaryllids, Hardy 
nus Hardy Dwarf Herbaceous plants, and New 
n Hybrid Shrubs. The Silver Gilt Medal 
‘tered for the latter shows how much importance 
eae Society attaches to attempts for improving and 
im Ying the races of hardy plants that decorate 
"gardens, We formerly drew attention to what 
9| with their sorrows; nor do we intend to acquiesce 
Wuen Hor warer drove smoke flues out of the 
field, the great opponents of the change were the 
bricklayers and builders, because they found that 
hot water prevented their making a bill. Now that 
Polmaise is threatening to render hot-water appa- 
ratus needless in a majority of cases, some iron- 
mongers are its opponents, because they too per- 
ceive that Polmaise will prevent their making a 
long bill; and they are joined in their endeavours 
by that numerous class which thrives by a per 
centage upon tradesmen's accounts. Where there 
is no long bill there can be no per centage. Hinc 
iste lachryma. We cannot, however, sympathise 
in their manœuvres, 
It is not to the interest of the public that any 
operation should be involved in needless expense ; 
and we must therefore endeavour, as we best may, to 
assist our friends in countermining the silent opposi- 
tion and unperceived obstruction which is offering to 
those who would adopt Polmaise. There are persons, 
as we know, who, professing to execute it, will do 
their utmost to make it fail. 1n order to prevent 
this result it is indispensable that those who pro- 
pose to employ it should consider well their plans, 
and not give interested parties the opportunity of 
thwarting them. At the same time we must at 
once declare that we cannot possibly undertake to 
furnish plans and contrivances for the application 
ofthis principle. Every post brings us a shower o 
letters asking all manner of questions, every one of 
whieh has already been fully answered by the dis- 
cussion that our columns have contained; and we 
trust that our friends will not think it any discour- 
tesy if we respectfully decline the task they seek 
to impose upon us. As we said on a former occa- 
sion it is the business of architects, builders, and 
bricklayers to make plans for details. It is imprac- 
ticable for a newspaper to do so. 
We must refer, then, everybody to the plan of Mr. 
Mzzxx's house, given at p. 563, which any bricklayer 
can understand if he is so fortunate as to have 
a head upon his shoulders. There is no possibility 
of misunderstanding that plan if it is attentively 
studied. It may be as well, however, to draw 
attention to the fact that the external air-entrances 
a, a, are not left open ; they are capable of being 
closed by a horizontal lid, and are only opened 
occasionally. 
In addition to this we may offer a few words of 
useful caution, which we extract from a letter of 
Mr. Merx’s. 
** Have nothing to do with any plan which brings the 
chimney or flue through the greenhouse. Brick flues 
will leak sometimes, and if the stove is properly built, 
and the damper properly placed and managed, no ap- 
preciable heat is lost in the chimney. Have nothing to 
do with any plan which places the fuel or ash-pit doors 
within the greenhouse; if you do you will save heat, 
but will certainly expose your plants to the action of 
sulphurous acid gas, to say nothing of smoke and dust. 
For HORTICULTURAL purposes employ a BRICK STOVE, the 
thicker the better, with iron top ; the heat will not be 
raised so rapidly, but it will be far more uniform; and 
if your gardener over-sleeps himself some cold Ji anuary 
morning, your plants will not miss him ; there will be 
no frozen faces to tell tales, Lastly, remember that it 
is the principle on which Polmaise ‘acts, the rotation of 
the air, which constitutes its excellence 3 it is not any 
particular form of stove, so do not listen to any * won- 
derful tales of a stove? Where steady heat is aequired, 
remember the bricks; where very high and rapidly- 
wi 
year, both in quantity and quality, although the 
plants were blighted ; and we know that the cir- 
cumstance is by no means uncommon. In other 
cases a second crop of small tubers is forming; so 
that, great as the mischief no doubt is, yet it is 
much less than last year in some places. What 
does this mean? Of course such a fact may be 
taken to signify that the atmosphere was the 
vehicle by which disease was communicated to the 
tuber ; and that in these instances the atmospheric 
influence, whatever it may be, which has swept 
over the face of the country, was resisted by the 
vigour of the Potato crop. 
Some weeks ago a correspondent mentioned a 
report that the Potato crops, within the influence 
of the smoke from the copper works round Swan- 
sea, were saved from the blight, although the crops 
perished beyond the circle of their influence. It was 
also asserted in the Cambrian newspaper, that :— 
* Last year the Potatoes reared in the neighbourhood 
of the copper works turned out to be healthy, and that 
in the present season the fact is still more determined. 
While in Sketty, Llangyfelach, and all around, the Po- 
tatoes are universally diseased, it so happens that in 
the immediate vicinity of the smoke they are sound and 
healthy, with scarcely a trace of disease to be found in 
hem. 
"This has been contradicted. But we are now in a 
condition to show that the statement alluded to 
was true. The following letter from a resident near 
Swansea sets the question at rest, by proving that 
the copper smoke does protect the Potato crop, 
and effectually ! 
* On the 31st Aug., T examined many pieces of Pota- 
toes within the immediate influence of the copper smoke 
from the smelting works in this neighbourhood. There 
is no oceasion perhaps to note the individual cases, but 
the general result is that the leaves, haulm, and tubers, 
improve as you approach the works, and that the nearest 
gardens, little more than 200 yards from them, are 
entirely free from the blight, and the crop good in 
quality, quantity, and flavour. The Potatoes are of 
different sorts. These last named gardens, as I am 
informed by the proprietor, entirely escaped the dis- 
ease in 1845, and have borne Potatoes for 40 years. 
The Potatoes are also said to have escaped in the vicinity 
of the chemical works at Newcastle. As a kindred 
misfortune, I may mention that a disease producing 
rottenness occurs in many instances here in the white 
Turnip, and it is to be feared that its earliest stage is 
perceptible in the Swedes. — Matthew Moggridge, the 
Willows, Swansea, Sept. 4.’ 
Here it may be urged by the advocates of atmo- 
spheric contagion that one miasm has had the 
power of repelling another from the Potato field. 
In former numbers we have given other instances 
of a similar kind, though far less striking ; such as 
Potatoes under the shelter of trees, or of a mixed 
crop, or of hedgerows, having also been saved. These 
also point to atmospheric influence. Mr. Nzviw,in 
his very valuable pamphlet,* adopts the atmospheric 
theory without hesitation. Nevertheless, we are 
as unable as ever to reconcile this theory with 
the whole of the facts known to us. We are 
indebted to Mr. Brcx, of Isleworth, for the follow- 
ing observation, which bears directly upon the 
present question :— 
* I had a small piece of Ash-leaved Kidneys, which 
ripened off a healthy yellow colour, and so died down to 
the ground without a speck of the disease. There was 
not a speck of it on any of the tubers we cooked. There 
was no appearance whatever on the portion I had saved 
for seed, and which was laid out for greening. But on 
Saturday last (Sept. 12), I was surprised to find that a 
iderable portion of the whole quantity (about a 
raised temperature are required, the 
help you. I do not wish these remarks to discourage 
various attempts at Polmaise heating, but let them be 
Polmaise. In all that I have done for the cause, my 
sole view has been to point out the truth for the benefit 
of the public; for their use I have explained so 
elaborately the principle ; for their use published my 
bushel) was greatly affected. The whole mischief had 
been done in a few days; for we were about to put 
them away the early part of the week, but thought a 
few days longer exposure would be better, I had no 
other Potatoes in my garden, nor are there any near 
me. Iam surrounded on three sides with high walls 3 
on the fourth, a high Quickset hedge and Grass field 
Plans ; to many I have shown the plan in operation ; 
with many corresponded privately. To all these things 
the public is heartily welcome.” 
Finally, in order to meet the under-hand oppo- 
sition which is offered to the employment of this 
mode of heating, we again recommend all who are 
in difficulty with builders, or others, or who dis- 
trust their own skill in applying Polmaise, to apply 
to Prumripex, a working bricklayer at Bletchingly, 
near Reigate. He will either plan or execute the 
work, and being a very industrious man, with aj 
large family, deserves the employment and counte- | 
nance of the public. | 
Lasr year, wherever the tops of the PorArTozs | 
were blighted the tubers were also, invariably, de- | 
cayed. We are not aware of any example to the 
contrary. This year it is not so. We have our- 
selves seen Potato fields with all the tops blighted, 
and yet the crop, a very scanty one, was either free 
from disease, or inconsiderably affected. Our Paris 
form the boundary.” 
We have ourselves a somewhat similar case, with 
a new variety, called “ Willison’s Seedling,” the 
offspring, no doubt, of the Ash-leaved Kidney. It 
grew, remained healthy, and ripened without a trace 
of disease. When taken up, the tubers were abso- 
lutely sound, They were laid by in a dry shed, 
well covered with mats, and in a few weeks symp- 
toms of disease, slight ones, made their appearance 
in the tubers. Similar instances occurred last year 
with sound Potatoes that were attacked in sand 
kept constantly in a dry place, and that never 
formed tops. ‘These are apparently irreconcilable 
with atmospheric agency, whether miasm, or any- 
thing else, unless it is assumed that the supposed 
disease acts directly upon the Potato. 
Even the curious state of the Tomato crop in 
some places, although at first sight favouring the 
* © The Potato Epidemic, and its pr 
N. Nevin. 12mo.  M'Glashan, Dublin ; 
We shall analyse this pamphlet neat week. 
