39—1846.] 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE, 
leaves, occasional renewing, tying and training, caution 
in not over-watering nor slopping the floors (generally 
parquets in this country), &e. ; and onee a week the 
leaves are all washed, but that is said to be soon done 
y the servant, who is used to it; and the effect is s 
good, that for any one possessing taste for their arrange- 
ment (upon which all depends), it is worth going to a 
little more trouble or expense. 
Tn speaking of trees, I believe I omitted to mention 
that the Ulmus effusa, much more generally planted 
here than the U. campestris, is esteemed as an excel- 
shafts, &e., having the tehacity of 
y erent in that respect from our Elm 
—and being so very hardy a tree, it may prove a useful 
one in many parts of our own country. 
Societies, 
ROYAL SOUTH LONDON FLORICULTURAL 
SOCIETY 
. 16.—This exhibition, the last for the season, was 
held in the Surrey Zoological Gardens. As only two 
Collections of plants were produced, andin these nothing 
remarkable, we shall confine ourselves to the Roses 
and the principal feature of the exhibition—the display 
of Dahlias, which, for extent and perfection, have 
Seldom been equalled. In the Ist Class for Amateurs, 
exhibiting 24 blooms, the Ist prize was awarded to 
Mr. Weedon, of Hillingdon. This stand contained Cleo- 
patra, Consolation, Victory of Sussex, Athlete, Essex 
Triumph, Duchess of Richmond, Gloria Mundi, Prin- 
cess Royal, Alice Hawthorn, Mrs. Shelley, Marquis of 
Exeter, Blue Bonnet, Antagonist, Admiral St »ford, 
Lady St. Maur, Lady Leicester, Rose d'Amour, Bion- 
detta, Compacta, Beauty of Sussex, Bathonia, Nonpa- 
reil, Essex Bride ; 2, to Mr. Howard, of Burnham ; 
3, to Mr. Hopkins, of Brentford. To these two stands 
no names were attached: 4, to Mr. Golding, of Had- 
leigh, The flowers in this stand were._ Rembrandt, 
President of the West, Beauty of the Plain, Brides- 
maid, Bermondsey Bee, Essex Triumph, Mrs. 
Shelley, Duchess of Richmond, Espartero, Spitfire, 
Admiral Stopford, Nonpareil, Miranda, Lady St. 
Maur, Phenomena, Indispensable, Pickwick, Antago- 
nist, Aurantia, Cleopatra, -Bathonia, Beeswing, Vivid 
and E. Antrobus; 5th prize was awarded to 
Mr. Lusby, of Hackney, for Lady St. Maur, 
Standard of Perfeetion, Nonpareil, Vietory of Sussex; 
Stella, Fulwood Hero, Cleopatra, Beeswing, Queen of 
Roses, Vivid, Essex Bride, King of the West, Optimus, 
Mrs. Shelley, Sir R. Sale, Raphael, Beauty, Princess 
Radzewill, Bathonia, Queen, Antagonist, Blue Bonnet, 
Indispensable, President of the West. For the best 
Stand of 12 dissimilar blooms (Amateurs): the lst 
prize was awarded to Mr. Hyde, of Hillingdon, for 
Cleopatra, Widnall’s Queen, Lady St. Maur, Gloria 
undi, Victory of Sussex, Admiral Stopford, Beauty of 
the Plain, Raphael, Mrs, Shelley, Beauty of Sussex 
Antagonist, Princess Radzewill ; 2, Mr. Battie, Erith. 
for Fulwood Hero, Antagonist, Dowager Lady Cowper, 
Nonpareil, Beeswing, Beauty of Sussex, Victory of 
Sussex, Cleopatra, Lady St. Maur, Essex Triumph, In- 
dispensable, and Springfield Rival; 3, Mr. Collison (no 
names attached) ; 4th, Mr. J. Cook, for Cleopatra, 
Antagonist, Mrs, Shelley, Bathonia, Sir E. Antrobus, 
Rose d'Amour, Nonpareil, Scarlet Unique, 
St, Maur, Optimus, Victory of Sussex, Mar. Cornwal 
[ 
a 
of Perfection, Emperor, Nonpareil, Dodd’s Prince of 
Wales, Beauty of Sussex, Vivid, Beeswing, Lady St. 
Maur, Widnall’s Queen, and Pet Rival; 6, Mr. E. 
Hunt, for Beeswing, Widnall's Queen, Queen of Roses, 
Cleopatra, Queen of Trumps, Nonpareil, Mrs. Shelley, 
Sir E. Antrobus, Model, Optimus, Northern Star, Prin- 
€ess Royal. In the Nurserymen's Class, for stands of 
24 dissimilar varieties, the Ist prize was awarded to 
Mr. Cutter, of Slough, whose stand contained the fol- 
lowing sorts :Great Western, Marquis of Bath, Non- 
Pareil, Gloria Mundi, Indispensable, President, Victory 
9f Sussex, Queen of Roses, Essex Triumph, Cleopatra, 
Princess Radzewill, Athlete, Eclipse, Lady Lister, 
Adm. Stopford, Penelope, Alexander, Mrs. Shelley, 
Bermondsey Bee, Widnall’s Queen and Northern Star ; 
2, Mr. C. Turner, of Chalvey, for Athlete, Model, Lady 
Featherstone, Springfield Rival, Asmodeus, Mrs. Shel- 
ley, Nonpareil, Biondetta, Raphael, Princess Radzewill, 
ünnymede, Cleopatra, Duchess of Richmond, Ber- 
Mondsey Bee, Marquis Cornwallis, Marquis Aylesbury, 
Essex Triumph, Indispensable, Hudson’s Princess 
Royal, Standard of Perfection, Beeswing, Beauty of 
Sussex, Victory of Sussex and Queen of Roses ; 3, Mr. 
RS of Stowmarket, for Rembrandt, Alexandrina, 
y m, Stopford, Athlete, Mon Regnion, Eboracum, 
pertis Cornwallis, Cleopatra, Lady Stopford, Beeswing, 
TARA St. Maur, Nonpareil, Essex Bride, Raphael, Essex 
qyumph, Princess Radzewill Princess de Joinville, 
Rota Mundi, Berth van Jena, Queen of Roses, Princess 
Oyal, Shoon Erfetieum, Queen of Perpetuals, Standard 
f Perfection ; 4, Mr. Gaines, Battersea, for Eximia, Ma- 
Vi a, Lady Leicester, Princess Radzewill, Prometheus, 
Wid, Norfolk Hero, Marquis Cornwallis, Mrs. Shelley, 
Ae St. Maur, M arq. Aylesbury, Beauty of Hants, Prince 
Vi ert, Queen, Beeswing, Ophir, Dr. Graham, Athlete, 
my of Sussex, Cheltenham Queen, Model, Ebor, 
8 s Antony, Beauty of Sussex; 5, Mr. Keynes, 
Ro üsbury, for Biondetta, Athlete, Fulwood Hero, Blue 
onnet, Mrs, Shelley, Standard, Princess Radzewill, 
ey Featherstone, Mark Antony, Lady St. Maur, 
ex Triumph, Sir E. Antrobus, Orlando, Andrew 
Pe, Catleugh's Eclipse, Nonpareil, Princess Royal, 
Queen of Roses, Vietory of Sussex, Captain Warner, 
Enterprize, Beeswing, and Dazzle.—The extra prize 
offered to Amateurs by Mr. C. Turner, of. Chalvey, for 
the best 6 blooms of Dahlias sent out in the spring of 
1846, was awarded to Mr. Hopkins, of Brentford ; an 
extra prize was also awarded by the Society to Mr. 
oward, of Burnham, for ditto.— Certificates were 
awarded for 2 seedlings of 1845, both in the possession 
of Mr. C. Turner, of Chalvey—l, Scarlet Gem; 2, 
Louis-Philippe—two large flowers of first-rate qualities. 
certificate was also awarded to a promising maroon 
flower, a seedling of the present season, also in Mr. 
Turner's possession. Several other seedlings were also 
exhibited, among the best were Turner’s Miss Vyse, 
white tipped with purple ; Bushell’s Victorina, delicate 
lilac ; Pearce’s Golden Fleece, and Collison’s Andro- 
meda, primrose tipped with crimson.—Extra prizes, 
offered by J. Bushell, Esq., were awarded, 1, to Mr. C. 
Turner, for a maroon seedling, very promising; 2, the 
Beauty of Chelsea, white tipped with crimson; and to 
Mr. Keynes, for an orange buff seedling. 
Cur Roses there was a fine display, from Messrs. 
Paul and Son, of Cheshunt, and Mr. Francis, of Hert- 
ford, From among the varieties sent by Messrs, Paul, 
who received the first prize, we selected the following : 
Damask Perpetual : Bernard, salmon ; Coolestina, rose 
with pale edges ; Mogador, purplish crimson. Hybrid 
Perpetual: Baronne Prevost, pale rose, very large; 
Doeteur Marx, earmine, large ; Duchess of Suther- 
land, pale rose; La Reine, lilac, very large; Lady 
Alice Peel, deep rose ; Marquise Boceella, delicate pink 
with blush edges; Yolande d’Arragon, rosy blush, 
large; Comte d'Eu, carmine; Coquette de Bellevue, 
erimson, with small white spots, small; La Bedoyére, 
bright crimson, very large. Bourbons: George 
Cuvier, rose ; Hennequin, crimson purple; Imperatrice 
Josephine, white, centre pinkish; Le G di t 
luminosity in plants may be read with interest and 
advantage by some of our correspondents. 
* Electricity seems to play an important part in the 
various stages of the development of plants. Thus 
flashes of light have been seen to be emitted from many 
plants in full flower soon after sunset on sultry days, 
Tt has further been ascertained, by means of galvanome- 
tric experiments, that electric currents are generated 
in the interior of their substance, although their inten- 
sity is but small; and that an uninterupted develop- 
ment of electricity is maintained by the exhalation of 
carbonic acid in the atmosphere, especially during the 
germination of the seed, and, indeed, throughout the 
entire process of vegetation. 
« The luminous phenomena in plants have been most 
diligently notieed by Zawadski, who observed them te 
happen principally in orange-coloured flowers (Calendula 
officinalis, Tropsolum, Lilium bulbiferum, Tagetes 
patula and erecta); that they occurred most frequently 
in the months of July and August, and that the same 
flower discharged a number of flashes in succession. 
Dr. Donné has performed a number of experiments im 
the course of his investigations into this subject. He 
has found that in many fruits the current runs from the 
stem to the eye, while in others it flows in an opposite 
direction. Blake, who has established the existence of 
these currents by similar experiments, thinks he has 
discovered that they run from the stems to the surfaces 
of leaves ; that he has verified their course to be as has 
been just said, by the chemical decompositions they 
effect ; that, lastly, the leaf itself is rendered positive, 
and the ambient air negative. Pouillet has rendered 
essential service to this branch of science by discovering 
that positive electricity is given out from plants when 
germinating. This he ascertained by connecting some 
that were in this state of vegetation with a condensing 
1 i 
, brig 
crimson, slightly shaded with blackish purple ; Madame 
Angelina, fawn with cream edges, colour deeper than 
in Bourbon Queen ; Paul Joseph, dark crimson, shaded ; 
Pierre de St. Cyr, pale rose, large; Princesse de 
Modène, deep pink, edges paler ; Souvenir de la Mal- 
maison, flesh with blush edges, a large flat Rose. 
Noisettes :- Clara Wendel, yellow with cream edges ; 
creamy white, 
nson ; Eugene Beauharnais, dark crimson; Madame 
Bréon, rosy pink with small white spots; Clara, 
rich cream. Tea-scented: Adam, large rosy blush ; 
Comte de Paris, white shaded with rose; Delices 
de Plantier, rosy yellow shaded with crimson ; 
Fragolettii, large, shaded rose; Josephine Malton, 
cream with buff centre, large ; La Renommée, lemon, 
edges white ; Madame Roussell, white, centre flesh ; 
Mirabile, yellow, edges rose; Moiret, pale yellow, 
edges rose, large ; Safranot, apricot and buff. 
Stamford Hill Gardeners? A ation. — Report fi 
the most prominent feature, the committee would dver! 
the lectures which have been de ed monthly throughout 
r; some of them by professional lecturers—the same re- 
p such, and the remainder by talentec 
to whom the committee beg to convey their best th 
under a full persuasion that the soc ived no small 
benefit from the gratuitous services of thos The 
next object demanding attention is the Class From 
y favourable report of the la nittee in reference to 
ubject, and by the expressed desire of a majority of the 
the 1 general meeting, the committee were in- 
year to have the classes continued up to the time 
when other duties would prevent most of the members attend- 
Feet this object it has of course been nece 
ional room y involving & rather serious 
‘i 3 iture—still the results are of a most 
ure, It is to the committee, and th 
erson who contributes to the fands of this ins 
ource of great encouragement to find that, at at 
sing events and circumstances all concur to indicate the 
fact that society is about to demand a far higher order of intel- 
ligénce in the working population t by which their own 
section herto been characterised, many of the young 
members will in the competition and struggles which await 
them, enjoy through these classes all the advantages o: 
sound education, embracir in, F: nd other 
especting the Li portant 
add: s have been made to The extensive circulation of 
the books induces the committee to recommend a further pur- 
chase as soon as the funds will admit of it. 1 the pecuniary 
inbiliti the society for the current year have been dis- 
nd there remains a small balan n its favour in the 
the treasurer. The committee cannot conclude their 
out congratulating the society o 
members, which they regard as both indic 
ntee for its continued prosperity. 
): Mr. Dempsey, on the Chemistry 
of Combustion and Phenomena of Arti 2 h 
on Manures, Rev. W. Hi n 
Sexton, on 
item in th 
i 
gr 
to every 
G 
the 
8 
of its utili 
ad 
getable T 
on Exotic Orch’ 
linek; 
Phrenology. Mr. la 
Plan Dr. Carpenter, on the Microscopie Structure of Vege- 
tables. Mr. Fensom, on the Steam Engine. 
EnnATUM.—In tbe Report of the Caledonian Horticultural So- 
iety, p. 630, for ** The Silver Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
Dickson and Co.,” read to “M James Diekson and Sons. 
ts. 
S. 
Peschel’s Elements of Physi: Translated from the 
German by E. West, 3 vols. l2mo. 1845-6. 
Longmans. 
ALTHOUGH t 
a garden 
direetly upon some of the objects of horticulture, 
we do not hesitate to recommend it to publie favour. 
Indeed, we have already done so in the case of the first 
volume at p. 171 of our volume for 1845. Atmospheric 
pressure, the pressure of fluids, the strength of mate- 
rials, temperature, radiation, the nature and effects of 
light, the action of electricity, are all subjects concerning 
which it is desirable to have a sound book of reference 
if not of study. Such is Professor Peschel’s, which we 
is book does not necessarily form a part of 
ibrary, yet it in many respects bears so 
all will find useful who have received a sufficient mathe- 
matical education. His brief statement respecting 
ue de Broglie, blush ; Le Pactole, yellow ; Lactans, | This seaso 
Chinese : Belle Isadore, pale to dark | ° 
pe. From his exp he inferred that a 
surface of 1000 square feet would give out sufficient 
electricity to charge the most powerful battery. 
Miscellaneous. 
The Potato Disease.—The Potato disease has now penetrated 
to the most northern parts of the kingdom—the islands ot 
Orkney and Zetland not even excepted. The disease did not 
vail to any great extent in this district last year (Aberdeen). 
h n, it first appeared in this vicinity about the be- 
ginning of July, and has gone on steadily incr g 
present date, The early kinds were first attacked, 
e later eties, The attack begins in the leav 
—these presenting brown spots, which, on examination wi 
microseope, are found covered with a mildew or par 
fungus, the Botrytis infestans of botanists, which, if it 
the proximate cause of the disease, invarial 
The writer of this report is not aware of a 
this 
up 
and then. 
d 
sitical 
be not 
accompanies it. 
e instance in 
vicinity where the Potato crop has escaped the disease; 
to a great extent at Peterhead. It is am. 
hed fact, that healthy tubers, or those apparently so— 
, not presenting any discoloration—may be found, 
the stems and leaves have been completely destroyed z 
et have been from plants whose 
The writer is not at nt 
e of disease i 
in this vii 
. Various 
opinions are on men and 
domestie animals by the use of diseased Potatoes ; some telling 
ten with impunity, others that they produce 
e ev is in favour of the first opinion. 
days 8 Ibs. of the diseased 
Potatoes, and € he morning 8 ounces of the water in 
which they had been boiled, but no bad effects followed ; Mr. 
Durand took them in large quantities for some time; and, 
with riter of this report has eaten tubers whose 
Iso last winter frequently 
d en cut 
injurious 
& 
thi 
med in three 
i 
ch 
partook of tubers from which the ¢ 
away, without any injurious eff Monsieur 
Decaisne, in his essay on the Potato disease of 5, published 
some time ago, states that experience has hitherto demon- 
strated that the use of disease: otatoes as food does not pro- 
duce any injuri effects, either on man or animals, provided 
the diseased portions are removed. And in corroboration of 
this, he informs us that, in the barracks within the city of Paris, 
the soldiers used them for some time. He also states that the 
indigent classes in Holland made use of them. The effects, 
however, may be different in cases where the affected tubers 
constitute the only article of food employed. Instances have 
been recorded in the medical journals of deleterious effects 
having followed their use among the poorer classes in Ireland, 
n a late number of the “ Dublin Medical Journal,” four cases 
are recorded, and in the same work Dr. O’Brien is sta 
have recorded the symptoms observed 0 
Dublin Hospital Gazette.” - In different parts of the country 
they have been given to pigs, and no injurions effect has 
followed. In Belgium, according to Decaisne, they were given 
in moderate quantity to horned cattle ; and the writer of this 
has been informed, that at some cattle shows in Ireland, 
animals were exhibited which had been fattened by their use, 
— 4G. Dickie, M.D., Aberdeen, August 19, 1846, 
Calendar of Operations. 
(For the ensuing Week.) : t: 
Housing tender Plants.—Every week, at this period, 
will bring business of this kind, the omission of which 
will peril the welfare of valuable stock that cannot be 
readily replaced. Where pits or frames are at liberty, 
or ean be made so, by rooting up the remains of ex- 
hausted Cucumbers, Melons, &c., there is no absolute 
necessity for stationing every plant or tribe precisely 
where if is to remain through the winter. Protection 
of this sort, for a short period, will contribute more 
than houses to the production of sturdy and well- 
ripened wood, possessing a greater tendency to blossom, 
and more capable of enduring a severe winter. In suck 
places they must be secured from the depredations of 
the earth-worms, This is easily accomplished, especially 
where the frames are raised above the common groun: 
level, by a good soaking of lime-water, followed by a 
coating of cinder-ashes, three inches in thickness. 
‘ 
