40—1846.] ^h THE 
AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
665 
GUANO, &e. ; 
ARK FOTHERGILL begs to offer the following 
MANURES on the best terms, viz : 
GUANO, PERUVIAN and AFRICAN, direct from Import 
Warehouses, 
Ditto, _PATAGONIAN and SALDANHA BAY. Ditto. 
SODA ASH, for destruction of Wireworm. 
SUPERPHOSPHATE OF LIME (See Royal Agri. Soc. 
Journal, Vol. vi, Part 2). 
GYPSUM (Pure Sulphate of Lime). 
BONE DUST and BONE POWDER. 
SULPHURIC ACID. CHARCOAL, 
PETRE SALT and AGRICULTURAL SALT 
SILICATES of SODA and POTASH, and all 
No. 40, Upper Thames-street. 
Agent for DINGLE’S HAND SEED-DIBBLE. 
r FOR WHEAT, TARES, &c. 
THE URATE OF THE LONDON MANURE 
ermanent in its effects, and has stood the 
The 
‘for Composts. 
other Manures. 
Sawdust, Sulphuric Acid, and every Artificial 
j EDWARD PURSER, Secre- 
tary, 40, New Brid 
GRAIN CROPS.—The Autumn season is particularly re- 
commended for the ication of POTTER’S GUANO for 
the above crops, as time is afforded for the due decomposition of 
e Manure in the soil, and it is thus prepared, when the plant 
SEED WHEAT. 
RE? STRAW WHITE WHEAT, AND HOPE- 
TOUN WHITE WHEAT — Varieties whose excellence 
has been tested and acknowledged by very many farmers both 
in England and Scotland,—for Sale at 
WHITFIELD FARM, WOTTON-UNDER-EDGE, 
GLOUCESTERSHIRE, 
Price 8s, per bushel, or 3l. per quarter, in quantities more than 
ve quarters; sacks 2s, each. Orders must be accompanied 
by a remittance or a reference, JOHN MORTON. 
ECONOMICAL, EFFECTUAL, AND DURABLE 
ROOFING. 
BY HER MAJESTY'S ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. 
ROGGON'S PATENT ASPHALTE ROOFING 
FELT, with which the Committee Rooms of the Houses 
of Parliament are entirely covered. The above Material has 
been used and highly approved by the Nobility, Gentry, and 
Agriculturists generally, and Patronised by many Members o! 
the Royal Agricultural Societies of England, Scotland, and 
Ireland, and by Her Majesty’s Office of Woods and Forests, 
Charles Barry, Esq., R.A., &c. &c. ; has been used for several 
years at the Royal Horticultural Society's Gardens, Chiswick ; 
the Swiss Gardens, Shoreham, Sussex; on Buc- 
cleuch's, and the Marquis of Anglesey's Property, &c. &c. and 
(under slate) the Royal Agricultural Society's House, Hanover- 
square; its ad V. NE 
“ Protective Material” to Plants, 
PRICE, ONE PENNY PER SQUARE FOOT. 
Samples and Testimonials sent by Post on application. 
HOMAS JOHN CROGGON, 
8, Lawrence Pountney-hill, Cannon-street, London. 
feels the first genial warmth of spring, to afford the 
Rutriment in a fit state for immediate assimilation.— T'esti- 
Monials and all particulars at the Factory, 28, Clapham-road- 
Place, Kennington. ‘A few respectable Agents wanted. 
ERUVIAN AND BOLIVIAN GUANO ON 
TE 
SALE, BY 
Hm GIBBS AND SONS, LONDON; 
Wm. JOSEPH MYERS anv CO., LIVERPOOL; 
And by thoir Agents, 
GIBBS, BRIGHT, anv 00., LIVERPOOL and BRISTOL; 
COTSWORTH, POWELL, AND PRYOR, LONDON. 
To protect themselves against the injurious consequences of 
Using inferior and spurious , purchasers are recom- 
mended to apply only to Dealers ofestablished character, or to 
he above-named Importers, who will supply the article in any 
pantit, at their fixed prices, delivering it from the Import 
el 5 
BY HER 
MAJESTY'S 
MNEILL & b's Buildings, Bunhill- 
* row, London, the Manufacturers and only Patentees of 
H HE ASPHALTED FELT FOR ROOFING 
Gouses, Farm Buildings, Shedding, Workshops, and for 
arden purposes, to protect plants from Frost, 
At the Great National Agricultural Shows, it is this Felt 
Which has been exhibited and obtained the Priz , andis the 
Felt patronised by 
E Her Masusry’s Woops AND FORESTS, 
HONOURABLE BOARD or ORDNANCE, 
HONOURABLE EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
Honouranie Commissioners OF Customs, 
Her MaszsrY's ESTATE, ISLE or WionT, 
Roya BOTANIC GARDENS, REGENT's PARK, 
nd on the Estates of the Dukes of Sutherland, Norfolk, Rut- 
that Newcastle, Northumberland, Buccleuch (at Richmond), 
late Darl Spencer, and most of the Nobility and Gentry ; 
and at the Royal Agricultural Society's House, Hanover Square. 
Tt is half the price of any other description of Roofing, and 
Sffects a great saving of Ti 
M: 
g Timber in the construction of Roofs, 
ade to any length by 32 inches wide. 
Prick One Penny Per SQUARE Foor, 
to experience, with references to Noblemen, Gen- 
MD Architects, and Builders, sent free to any part of the 
N or country, and orders by post executed. 
at Britain where re iere Roofing is made, ar 
F. M'NEILL AND CO.’S 
Patent Felt M: y, bamb's-buildings, Bunhill-n 
the? where Roofs covered with the Felt may be seen, 
uate Vice-Chancellor’s Co 
Ne € entrance to Westminster Hall, and other buildings at the 
Che, Houses of Parliament, done under the Surveyorship of 
R. A. 
ieee The Public is respectfully cautioned that the only Works 
re 
; Lon- 
, as als 
SD 
US attention 
do. 600 
v yard 
Ballon to 20 
"evatedq 
uated 
RAULIC ENGINE being now Registered, he begs to call 
06) of the Public to the following Price: machine 
nvey water 100 yards, conducting-pipe included, 201. ; 
, 50%, This machine can be made to convey from 
2 minute to a distance of 2000 yards, and to an 
Point of 500 feet or upwards. Fountains, Towns, &c., 
cep ie eminences, can be supplied by the above machine, 
War: rite l-pumps on an improved principle.—N.B. All Machines 
i at 9, St. Philip’s-street, Cheltenham. 
S TILES for Floors, Walls, &e., of 
Venetian, pontes, Conservatories, Garden Terraces; Encaustic, 
a 
&c., in EVERY VARIETY. May be seen at Messrs. 
'AR| 
Agente es M YATT’S, Surrey-street, Blackfriars, London, 
upon-Trent essrs, MINTON & CO., the Patentees, of Stoke- 
and n Also Patentees of the PORCELAIN BUTTONS, 
And more durable than Mother-o'- Pearl, &c. 
TO OWNERS AND OCCUPIERS OF ESTATES 
ei 
cheapor 
E ARLY FOOD.— The farmers of the United King. 
dom have now an opportunity of providing early food, by 
sowing, without loss of time, the WINTER DON OATS, which 
resists the most intense frost, and comes in early in p: rti. 
to the period sown ; growing a heavy crop according to ground. 
mealing quality is unequalled.—Further particulars to be 
had from Mr. MORGAN DILLON STEWARD, Stratford-on-Slaney, 
Ireland, by enclosing a stamped envelope, with address of ap- 
plicant on it. 
LIQUID MANURE. 
ENGLAND INDEPENDENT OF .THE WORLD FOR CORN, 
"MHE attention ofthe Agricultural Interest, at this 
momentous crisis, is requested to the great importance of 
LIQUID MANURE, and the ease with which it may be appro- 
riated by the use of FOWLER’S PUMPS, made expressly for 
he purpose, either portable or fixed ; Garden, Ship, and Barge 
umps; also those for Distillers, Brewers, Soap Boilers, an 
anners, for hot and cold liquor. Pumps kept for hire, for 
Excavations and Wells. Buildings heated by Hot Water, for 
Horticulture, and every variety of manufacturing purposes, 
The Trade supplied on advantageous terms, by BENJAMIN 
the discovery of truth, it is of the greatest import- 
ance as a preliminary step to ascertain the accuracy 
of the means and methods we employ. Thus, the 
astronomer must know by long use and observation 
the errors to which his instruments are liable, and 
the limits within which their indications may vary 
from the truth, before he can determine what de- 
gree of dependence he may place upon them. The 
chemist, too, carefully tests the processes of his art, 
before he ventures to apply any ofthem in quanti- 
tative analysis. And so with the farmer : before he 
can place implicit reliance on the published results 
of experience, he must consider of the methods for 
ascertaining those results, and of the very processes 
themselves of which they are the results, how far 
the one or the other may be worthy of his confi- 
dence. 
And thus we consider that, while many investi- 
gations are proceeding and accelerating the pro- 
gress of agricultural improvement, an altogether 
new class of experiments is much wanted for the 
establishment of agricultural truth ; experiments 
are required to determine the real value and trust- 
worthiness of many of our methods of investigation. 
Suppose the object of an experiment be to ascertain 
the fertilising ability of guano, and that the method 
adopted be to select and apply this manure on perch- 
wide surfaces of a definite number of yards in length 
all over a field of uniform soil, bearing one crop, 
and excepting in the particular under examination, 
receiving as nearly as possible the same treatment, 
The crop is weighed on those patches, and it is 
weighed on patches of equal extent unmanured, 
and the difference is supposed to be the measure 
of the fertilisimg ability of the manure em- 
ployed... And. so it is, if there have been no 
other causes of difference at work; but this 
we do not know; and in the case of such a 
variable matter as farm produce, we cannot justly 
assume it. Well! here is a fair subjeet for inquiry. 
What has been the amoun ng cause in 
natural action on these plo What por- 
FowLER, Engineer, &c., 63, Dorset-street, Fleet-street, London, 
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1846. 
HE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. 
7—Flax S ciety, Belfast. 
8—Agricultural Imp, Soc. of Ireland, 
LOCAL SOCIETIES. 
L W. Norfolk - Bedford—Shroph 
FARMERS’ CLUBS, 
5—8t. Columb —W. Hereford | Oct. 7— Harleston — Jedburgh — 
—Newatk — Great Oakley— Wattord 
W. Market — Yoxford — St. 9—Plympton St. Mary—Hales- 
Austell—Mazket-hill worth— Wadebridge 
6—St. Quivox —Lewes ~ Aber- : i 
gavenny— Wiveliscomb — St. 
Peters 
MEETINGS FOR T 
Weownsnay, Oct, 
TAuURSDAY, = 
and Guilteross. 
Oct. 
— }¢—Darlington 
— 13—Wootton Basset 
We see, from a circular now before us, that the 
Guano trade is assuming a new form, Hitherto the 
object has been to obtain Guano genuine as im- 
ported, and miserable stuff some of it has proved to 
be. But now the public is advised to have it mixed. 
* Compound" Guano is brought into the market, 
with the usual apparatus of testimonials and 
analyses, all proving its excellence. The public is 
told that a mixture of Peruvian and Saldanha Bay 
Guano is the very thing that they should buy ; and 
the inference is that we have been quite wrong all 
this time in looking sharp after the genuine article. 
We should like to know why guano is the better 
for being mixed? why if Peruvian or Saldanha 
Bay Guanoes are in themselves good, they should be 
improved by being shaken together? We can un- 
derstand how the quality of guano may be improved 
by the addition of certain ingredients in which it 
may be deficient, and we also know how the profits 
upon this article may be increased by additions of 
another kind. But how the quality of anything is 
to be affected by mixing it with itself, passes our 
comprehension. Perhaps Mr. will enable 
us to guess the riddle he has proposed to the 
public. 
Of course we do not impute to any parties the 
idea of doing wrong. We dare say they merely 
belong to the class of dealers who deceive them- 
selves. It does, however, unfortunately happen 
that there is a great deal of excellent Peruvian 
Guano in the market, and also a monstrous deal of 
LLIAM BULLOCK WEBSTER, of Hounsd 
near Southampton, Draining Engineer to Her Majesty, 
Wight; the inventor of a Til 
the Drainage of their Estates, 
acre, including every ex 
drained at a fixed 
PHosPHoRIC RAT POISON. This preparation 
decidene ed to aua run with the greatest confidence, being 
ly superior to al ose poii containi soni 
Other minerals. It is most greedily eaten iy; Tata and ue sis 
and invariably proves ai 
Black iiare poPared only byEpwAnD Purse 40, B idt 
ns de EO in pots, with full directions for use, 
worthless Saldanha Bay and other refuse; and we | 
wonder that it should never have occurred to the | 
vendors that theyexpose themselves to unpleasantsus- | 
picions when they propose to do a thing which some | 
people would find it so very convenient to do. At| 
all events, it is clear that no advantage can possibly | 
arise to the buyer from this practice, and therefore 
we should like to know whose are the interests 
which this new scheme of doctoring Guano is to | 
serve. 
Tus paragraph by Sir G. S. MackENzms in| 
another column suggests a very important consider- 
ation. In experiments undertaken, of course, for | 
tion of the differences observed in the crop are due 
to agencies which the farmer has not put in exer- 
cise? And the way to arrive at an answer is simply 
to measure out other plots, treated wholly alike, 
and weigh their produce, and to take the differences 
observed in this case as the measure of the confi- 
dence we can place in the results of the others. 
And so with other matter which may be under 
investigation. Let the object be, for instance, to 
ascertain the degree of confidence we may place in 
the results of an experiment on malt or Barley as 
food for cattle. If cattle in threes, or sixes, or tens, 
be subjected to the conditions of this experiment, 
let other lots of equal number, but which have had 
no difference of treatment, be weighed also, and 
any tions in the results observed here will cer- 
tainly exhibit the degree of confidence which we 
may feel in the results obtained there. 
Subjects for experiment in agriculture are nu- 
merous ; they may refer to the influence of means 
employed to improve soil, its texture, or its compo- 
sition ; to the qualities of sorts of plants.or breeds 
of animals ; to the best methods of treating the one 
or of feeding the other. Andalong with, any series 
of experiments, on any of these subjects,we want 
a corresponding train to exhibit the degree of 
variableness to which the results of such investiga- 
tion are naturally liable. 
Here, then, is a field for inquiry, needing only 
patience and perseverance—needing mo acute or 
profound knowledge of the theory or“ incauses 
ofphenómena; one on which labourers are much 
needed. Labourers in uis field will be doing as 
much to accelerate, and more to establish the pro- 
gress of agricultural improvement, than those work- 
ing in any other departments of the art. 
I AGRICULTURE AND THE ALLOT- 
paea MENT SYSTEM. 
Havine bad, during à short residence this summer in 
the neighbourhood of Liege, Some. opportunities of 
examining the practical agriculture of this part of 
Belgium, I bave naturally watebed with some anxiety 
the progress and condition of the Potato crop. 
early sorts yielded well, but at this moment the reports 
from all quarters are equally unfavourable5 all are 
more or less affected, the red sorts universally so, 
and the greatest apprehensions are naturally felt, inas- 
much as a great portion of the population.in the rural 
distriets are more or less dependent upon the Potato 
crop for subsistence. Barley, Rye, and Spelt, which 
is extensively cultivated hereabouts, which supply 
the Belgian peasant with bread of very indifferent 
quality, are not an average — if, therefore, the 
disease in Potatoes proves general, of which there is 
no moral doubt, in combination with a short erop of 
grain, much distress must again prevail during the en- 
suing winter throughout this country, and a large im- 
portation of grain must inevitably take place—in fact, is 
now going on. 
A comparison of the agriculture of Belgium with that 
