712 THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
[Ocr. 24, 
indulged in, to expel damp and stagnant air. A mere 
hibernatory is another thing : in this, whether the roof 
be of glass or opaque, free ventilation will be all that 
is requisite for some timeto come, Stove and Orchids.— 
S before: much less moisture will suffice at this 
period, even for the growing Orchids; keep the tem- 
perature popr ed on the decline, more espesially 
in dark weather,  Ventilate freely whenever the 
weather will yit Mixed Greenhouse.—The Hybrid 
Perpetual, Tea, and other Roses, as well as the Chrysan- 
themums, if attended to as directed in former Calendars, 
will render this structure, as well as the conservatory, 
most interesting for the next two months. Let these 
tribes have weak manure water, perfectly clear: it 
should be administered about five or ten degrees]|warmer 
than the atmosphere of the house, and if given at every 
watering, it is almost impossible to give it too weak or 
too clear. If the water is just barely coloured, it will 
be sufficient. An ounce of guano with a handful or two 
of soot, will make a large bucket or canful, strong 
enough for anything ; and it ought to be provided as 
clear as fine ale. Cold Pits.—These will now be in 
request; saw-dust is in my opinion the best plunging 
material, if new and dry ; coal-ashes are also very good ; 
whatever material is used, keep the plants within a foot of 
the glass, unless perfectly dormant. Endeavour to 
keep the ~~ in the pots in a somewhat dry state, 
TCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
The eae beds made as directed in September, 
will now be bearing; it is a good plan to sprinkle or 
syringe the surface of the bed, a week or so before the 
Mushrooms make their appearance; more especially in 
Mushroom houses, where a fire may have been use 
occasionally : this is far better than watering after the 
ushrooms are through. The water, however, must 
not be allowed to penetrate the manure—merely to 
soften the soil. Late beds or portions may still be 
made in-doors; let the e made 
drier than those of September, ids do not mix any 
soil with them. In spawning the beds, it is good prac- 
tice to wrap the lump of spawn in a mass of half- 
decayed, half-moistened, strawy manure ; in case of 
overheating, the spawn is not so readily M E 
Let all the process be made as firm as possible, by 
treading or ramming: light and porous beds ‘vill 
neither endure so long nor produce such good Mush- 
rooms as those of a solid character. 
LOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, 
All allay drives, &c., should now have a thorough 
cleaning ; this will carry them through until next May, 
or nearly so. Let the lawns be well rolled, and receive 
a clever mowing close on the heels of it ; such will keep 
them in repair for along time to come, unless unusually 
mild weather takes | place. ee me urge the great im- 
portance of it planting, &e, 
as soon as leisure permits, Sprig in these gardening 
days, brings such a crowd of business as wou ave 
confounded some of the gardeners of the olden time, 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
We need hardly urge on our readers the necessity of 
taking advantage of the first favourable opportunity to 
get their main bed of Tulips i in ee ground ; every week 
that they remain l will l to them, 
though we make no doubt many will put it off till the 
middle of November. All bulbs which have been 
reduced in size should be removed from the position 
they held in the best bed, anå be planted on a side bed 
to recover their strength previous to being re-intro- 
duced, and their place should be occupied, if possible, 
by some other variety which will nearly correspond 
with the one taken away. © The amateur must ever keep 
in mind the necessity of promoting the uniformity of his 
collection. In another week or days we would 
advise no one to remove Carnations ; it will then be 
getting late indeed for them, and it is so important that 
they should be well established previous to the coming 
winter ; therefore, no time should be lost. The plants 
already potted we hope have been sheltered from the 
te excessive rain, according to the directions we have 
previously given. Auriculas also must be earefully 
preserved from similar visitations, and a watchful eye 
must be kept on the surface of the pots, which will 
Speedily indicate where the drainage is bad. 
KITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
This is an excellent period to lay the spring Broc- 
coli. It is best performed by two persons, one on each 
side the drill or row. Keepa good trench, and sink all 
the heads to the north, winging the stems with soil up to 
and even amongst some of the lower leaves. This pro- 
cess will protect them very considerably against a severe 
winter, on three accounts : Ist, by reason of their posi- 
tion ; 2dly, on account of their. avoiding sudden changes 
or excitement 5 ; and 3dly, through the “reduction of suc- 
culence. It is no uncommon or new practice for good 
kitchen gardeners, to throw their overgrown Lettuce or 
Cauliflower plants on the ground, to shrivel before plant- 
ing them. Plants in this state will endure hard weather 
better than those in quiet and luxuriant growth. I 
would advise a great breadth of Potatoes to be planted 
without delay, taking care, as before observed, to keep 
them high up, and to cover deep. Two seasons in suc- 
cession of severe failures, especially in the late kinds, 
have, I should think, suggested to most minds the pro- 
priety of encouraging toa greater extent the early and 
middle season kinds; especially those of the latter 
which ripen early, and may be in use for a long period 
after storing. Surely the circumstance of the superior 
success of the earlier kinds, which have for 
striking facts, or are Chey to pass for nothing in this im- 
portant investigation ? 
FORESTIN 
The Berries of Holly, Yew, Thorn, &c., when pro- 
cured, may be placed in a heap to rot until spring. 
Some | lively sand should be used, as it will easily riddle 
from them. Cuttings of Laurel and other evergreens 
may be got out now in shady situations. Layering may 
be performed, and where it is designed to promote the 
extension of common Laurels in game-covers, or as un- 
dergrowths, large old plants may be hacked half 
through, after the manner of plashing as applied to 
the Thorn, and the branches bent down, throwing a 
few spadefuls of soil on them. ‘They will thus root, and 
extend with a very good effect. 
State of the Weather near London, for the week « ending Oct. 22, 1945, as 
observedat the Horticultural Garden, Chiswick. 
Wind. | Rain 
50 
Thurs, 22 2 | 29.338 | 29.000 | 60 | 42 | 46.0 
Average | 99.448 | 29.302 4L5| 49.8 248 
Oct. 16—Clear; fine; clears ain a a 1 night 
17—8lght fog; cloud 
envy aud contin în; olear at night 
19—Fogay: fine, with s; clear 
30—Hazy; vary fine; clear eee 
21—Heavy rain; boisterous; clou 
22—Cloudy; rather boisterous; cloudy and cold. 
‘ean temperature of the week 4 deg. below the average. 
State of Ve didis ay by gus the mue 20 years, for the 
ei 81, 18. 
n Winde 
er | Greatest iQ 
Oct. dim Lowest | | eno EE quantity sels [E 
mp. | Temp, |" e^» Y a, | of Rain illae 
j | | III 
Sun. 95| 557 | 82.8 | 47.2 8 | 0721n. | 4| 1| 8) 3| 3| 2| 1| 2 
on. 28) 54.4 38.7 | 46.5 g 0.52 | | 1| 1| 2| $| a| 2 
Tues 27| 546 | 39.6 | 47.1 15 0.80 1| 5| 2/92 6| 3 
Wed 28| 53.4 87.3 | 45.3 9 1.06 =| | 3-ja 5| 2| 3 
Thur.29| 538 | 858 | 44.5 8 0.42 3 8| 8—|5| 5| 1 1 
Fri, 80| 544 | ao. 47.0 9 0.50 223 3! 3/1) sl aly 
Sat. 31| 553 | 38, | 46.0 11 088 || a| 9 2) d als 
ighert temperature during the above period occurred dn the 3 
m.672; and the lowest on the 28th and 30ih, 1820, and 
—thor 
EX 1012- therm. 3 529. 
Wotices to Correspondents. 
May we beg our MM Du id not to ask us to answer their 
questions Nn ID We are obliged t o mention this 
because we fin 
with such ri 
aves are attacked by a sort of 
called Torula ned It is the result of bad aération 
and negligent gardening. icd Ens EA frequently with 
warm with in 
— We never heard of Miss Jackson's work ; but i 
cannot possibly give plates of all flowering plants. No wor 
es. Dried specimens are examined by Botanists withov 
fie least difficulty, by steeping the flowers in hot water a 
they soften. 
CALAVANCA— T L—'This is some small Bias of Kidney Bean, 
with which we are unacquainted. s probably from the 
Peninsula, or the Western Islands. Tei is not the Caravance, 
its name wou indicate; for that kind of pulse is what 
we call the Chick Pea, Cicer arietinum, 
CARNATIONS— Calico— not usually oil ours, for the 
simple reason that it answers the end intended very well 
without it ; and if strained tight over the hoops will be found 
perfectly efficacious. W. 
Fnurr-TREES—A Subscriber—Better leave your Espalier-trees 
as they are, till you receive in due time information on the 
subject of pruning in full detail.||-—A Friend—You will do 
1 in thinning the branches of your SEOEEL dE trees till 
scarcely two branches directly intervene between you and the 
means finish pruning before spring.) 
Insects—Emily— We regret ee our suggestions are not avail- 
eee We think sspe flies may be banished by persever- 
R.—J W— ur Spinach inseets are Oxytelus niti 
dalas The imn animalis EDU UE poU Will 
urtis a eee t ert anks for the 
d sufficient t. P, —— 
w 
ae oped ain ouo tell 
n; it 
ot fully DU to the full glare 
of the sun, Youhad Baer cover the plant with a large hand- 
glass and keep it quite close and dry until next spring, and 
when it begins to grow cut it well back, i k is very Sic, 
and the roots in a bad state, E it up n 
roots Apacs after’ wards, when t 
l be two years 
before the layers are RA and, if th AERE SA in e health, 
Nam F Frores S—X AX X2, Decayed, probably Hawthornden ; 
3, Pige 6, Winter Pearmal ain; 7, Round Winter Nonsuch ; 
8, Franklin’s Golden Pippin ; without No., Golden Noble, 
Beurré de DUE 6 Late Pears ——Enight's pude 5 
; Ne Plus Meuris ; March 
Plat ; Scarlet Nonpareil ; 
Golden Harvey ; Herefordshire Pearmain, Im. T P—The 
Grapeis the Scarlet-leaved Black Cluster. The Pear appears 
to be an imperfect specimen of the Marie IEEE II —. 
— The fruitis under examination, and will be duly SA 
on. Wehave no idea "e such a one as you speak of would 
enot prepared at present 
to undertake it, ' A short general account of cider making is 
given in the “Penny Cyclopedia ; " you may also consult 
“ Macculloch on Wine Making,” and * Crocker's Art of mak- 
ing Cider," which gives Su ails. 
Pitas or Prawts—J tl uchsia ili AB 
Ageratum i colestinum ; treatit Te i (Mercer Ue 
ripened well, and escaped fermentation much more than 
the late kinds, will direct publie attention to two such 
onyzoides. 
We see nothing Smostal in fe CATH li e 
officinalis, Cyclam 
ie p. 625, of 1844—— Constant SU LEM Deodar—— 
G—Verbena jamaicensis——H G—It s to be a frag- 
Sint of Symphoria. montana J M (aus “Pteris longifolia, 
species of Lantana, Erica elata.j-—J A—Hither a ye [D 
Catasetum ups oran unpublisied species.—— , Stan- 
hopea Wardii ; 2, St. graveolens Bo Cypripedium venustum ; A 
some Oncidium allied to O. reflex 
arara ss S—Thanks. The iucceES been published at 
PELARGONIUMS—A Een following sorts will answer 
your purpose :— Em: eck's SU Matilda, Nestor, 
«Bec Es Honora, DL "Super ba, rth's Symmetry and 
Queen Philippa, Luna, Unit, Foster's sod Sir R. Peel, 
Puletielium, Hodge’s Oberon, Ebedi F avourite, „Zenobia, 
Foster's Pulchellum, and Ly yne's Duke of Cornwall.* 
PrNE-TREES—E M G— They are best trrasplanted in the e 
umn ; but as the frostis apt to nam dm out of the ground, 
early spring is often preferred. our e state 
your wants exactly, and we will es rei can be 
PLanrinc—Le; ste ane is a good s season for Hollies, but pre- 
carious ; now i as good La season an nd c rtain. The Es alifica- 
sin your ona houso, 
east the early Vines inside if you can. The plan is feasi- 
ope You need not heat the second house at all for such 
rapes. 
PorwAISE—R A J—Next week will produce further explana- 
ions as to the details of Mr. Meek's house. Of course the 
roof of the hot-air T is spoken of. Mr. Meek 
perses his heated air by means of a hollow pit; iti is that 
which renders a wet blanket or some EE contsivanea 
needless, s are not self-regulating ; 
e; the external orifices a a are only occasional opened, 
and nof all at once except in extreme cases. may even. 
be dispensed with. amper is to prevent the too rapid 
endapo of heat uj gi chimney. 
PorATOES— 7 mu inu. punt long dung is the best. 
$ ut if w we do, i i 
ype, for ur sheet is already as large a8 
the Act o of Parliament relating to newspapers will permit, 
——A Subscriber—The mode you propose of storing your Po- 
tatoes will doubtless MH very well, Laid on the surface 
more than a foot thick, and mixed with the earth in 
covering, they cannot undergo fermentation, an evil that 
cannot be too much Eun ER and thatching will 
protect them from frost and wi 
Roszs—J S—Perhaps you RU De Banksian Rose at & 
wrong season, The proper time for per forming the operation 
is midsummer, after the flowering is over; thus plenty of 
new wood is formed in the latter part of the year, and w) 
apring comes it will no t flower well. The Banksian 
Rose produces its blossoms on one year old wood. If pruned 
in spring, therefore, all the OOH wood is removed, and 
eA E E is the result. 
THORNS— following is the usual way of raising 
these from s t should be prepared, say in October, 
about 13 ft. CERE into which the fruit is to be put, with a 
mixture of earth or sand. It should be turned several times 
1 in, or 2 ins. of soil pun a sufficient covering to ensure the 
ut should E Gee much in ihe same way. We may 
ion, however, that we have seen the haws thrown into a 
heap under the stage of a warm greenhouse, wheré fermenta- 
tion soon took place, and of course decomposition speedily 
followed. This was in October; they were sown in the fo! 
lowing springi in beds and grew wel 
TREES AND UBS TO WITHSTAND THE SEA Am—Sub—Sea 
Buckthorn, nie Pinus Pinaster, and Weymouth Pine 
also Pinus Strobus, Pinea, mbra; Quercus Ilex ad 
Pyrus Aria; Coronilla Emerus, Leycesteria SU ES Spiræa 
salicifolia, Golutea eruenta, and Sambucus racemos. 
me to sowing Grass seeds, you had better ED wait 
till s; P 
Yuxxs Ge £3 resths do not like lime-water, Calcareous soil 
suits ines better than siliceous. 
ee — The advertisement a; appeared on the E qu 17th 
inst. te address is 9, St. Philip’s-street, Chelten’ — 
W p— the ipe way of heating a small greenhouse and 
the best, is by Polmaise. Apply to Mr. Ayres, of Brook- 
lands, near ien th, do not know where the pipes 
areto be had. Mr. Mechi would tell you, we are quite sure, 
if you will apply to him .——Devoniensis—Legg’s hydraulic 
engine is advertised weekly in our columns, see p. 704.f—— 
Vigil—Thanks, especially for your courteous manner, But 
we cannot undertake not to quote authorities for the intelli- 
gence we communicate. It is necessary to do so; and if the 
contains more of the intelligence d suits our purpose. 
——JM A-—The Black Wattle is an Acacia, and is not hardy 
enough to bear a gi qs »rdshire ira B—Lesche- 
naultias reading a cool airy greenhouse m winter, If the 
smoking has been effected with sulphur the red spider will 
be killed, Sod the plants may be pu ; you will not kill 
it by any < other means. The Violet leaves are suffering from. 
mp and want of aération.— € lericus—Y our Pelargonium. 
jen are affected by the spot, a disease as yet ill PAM 
It is probably damp that produces the mischief. A dilu 
solution of MR muriatie acid, it. uH [ren E stays ite 
progress, but wi it.1—— V E S—Prui all the soft 
wood and QM off your Pelar Mec Lu them closely 
togetherin a box among dry earth, Beet or sand, ae keep 
nywhere free from frost an amp.t —— Apis—10, 
Great Busque eu Wimpole- dudes eT nera 
— inqui inar ae ots of Salvia patens during winter as 
you would Dahlias. You are possibly too far north for Wal- 
nuts to ripen, aud perhaps your soilis wet, It cannot bethe 
fault of the sort, The Tree Peony will withstand ordinary 
winters without protection, especially if the soil is light and 
dry, and the wood well ripened. Keep roots of Tigridia pa- 
voniain dry sand during winter. 
SEEDLING FLOWERS. 
AwTIRHINUM—L E—Your seedlings are clear and decided in 
colour, but not surpassing a vari i long cultivate 
puru —J P ur flower is very good, but it 
was too far gone to judge Hi its colours.*— nago a E 
ordre ito light, UE are the best. 9is a 
showy variety; 8 is pretty and elegant, but us sepals being 
large conceal too much of the corolla ; 
variety. In the darker sorts there is wanting Mt nes 
of colour which aver brillianey and richness, and generally 
e sepals are long and drooping—2 and Ub we consider the 
best ; they are all large and showy varieties. 
ERBENAS--H. H— The colour of your pe is clear and de- 
licate, but the corolla is too much indented ; unless of dwarf 
habit, t, it will be no improvement upon some of the cultivated 
EnnaTUM—In Mr. Coudrey's Advertisement at page 674, col, d, 
M—Cuscuta trifolii, one of the ii ented Dodder, 
the name was misspelt Condrey. 
