44—1846.] 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
ui 
429 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. | 
SIX THOUSAND SIX HUNDRED FRET OF 
© ROGGON’S PATENT ASPHALTE FELT 
have been used to roof the abere ty’s buildings, at 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 
PRICE ONE PENNY PER SQUARE FOOT. 
THomas Jons Crogaon, 8, Lawrence Pountney-hill, Cannon- 
street, London. ; 
HATCHER’S BENENDEN TILE MACHINE. 
Manufactured and Sold by 
(jorTAM AND HALLEN, 2, WINSLEY.STREET. 
ea OXFORD STREET, LONDON. i 
This is by far the simplest and most efficient Machine for the 
purpose of making Drain Tiles, Any shape Tile can be made 
Tt requires but few hands to work it, namely, two men 
With this amount of labour the produce will 
be as follows :— 
1 in. diameter of Tile, 11,009 | 12 in, diameter of Tile, 5,800 
do. 8,000 | 24 do, * 8,200 
„As stated by Thomas Law Hodges, Esq., in his communica- 
tion to the Ro; al Agricultural Society of England, 
The Machine is quite portable, and requires no fixing, but 
can be moved up and down the drying sheds, thus requiring no 
extra boys in carrying the tiles, ‘nor are any shelves required 
in drying.. There is no charge for patent dues or license; the 
purchase of the Machine includes the free use of it. i 
rice 25l., including four Dies of any pattern or size, 
Dies, of any shape or size, 5s. each. 
e had as above as to where it can be seen in 
actual use. 
Improved Pug-mills, wholly of Iron 
Extra 
References can 
ee ee oe SO £1616 0 
10 10 
m m ait S ditas Levita. tont 
Draining Spades, per set of three, with swan-neck 
co o 
Improved Drain Level for the use of workmen.. .. 2 5 
COTTAM'S IMPROVED CLOD CRUSHERS. 
. The improvements made in these useful Implements consist 
in the division of the roller into two parts, which greatly 
facilitates the turning and working of the implement. The 
frames are made wholly of iron, and are therefore much more 
durable than those of wood. The prices of these Clod Crushers 
will be found considerably lower than those usually charged. 
5 feet Ginches long, 171,’ 6 feet, 181. 10s. 6 feet 6 inches, 207. 
be seen at Messrs, 
eet, ackfriars, London. 
INTON & CO., the Patentees, of Stoke- 
N BUTTONS, 
c. 
GRICULTURAL DRAINING.— The attention of 
Agriculturists is respectfully directed to a simple and 
most efficient DRAINING LEVEL, price 98s. It can be sent 
to any part securely packed. It cannot well be put out of 
order, and a mere labo can use it. To be had of the 
maker, Joun Davis, Optician, Derby. 
The Agricultural Garett 
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 91, 1846. 
MEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS, 
i Agriouitural Imp. Roe. of England 
Wapenspay, Nov. af friend dtstruttucel Sen pud 
«em Agricultural Imp Soe. of Ireland, 
Tuve, — | Bi Beat Pha Seeds oF Team 
ee =! 19—Agricul wal Soc. of Ireland, 
LOCAL SOCIETIES. 
Cadder— B «th: 
i—Glamorga 
Basfrehis 
FARMERS? CLUBS, 
refer Nov, 5—Hawick —Grove Ferry — 
arriten on- Trent 
6—Täyistock St, G«rmaln's 
— Chelmsford ` Claydon— 
Waiebridge 
7—Collumpton — Darlington 
—P:obus — Winchcomb— 
W. He! 
Wentovk — Ci- 
ncester—Market Hlil — 
Noy. 2—8t Columb - 
Newark - 
Durham—Swansea 
g—Bakewell 
10— Wootton Basset 
13—Halesworth 
* GIVE us THE REFUSE OF THE TOWNS, and you 
may do what you please with the Corn-laws," was 
the sensible remark of an enterprising agriculturist 
to a distinguished leader of the Protectionist party. 
“Give us the refuse of the towns and we will for- 
give you the repeal of the Corn-laws,” might be the 
condition of reconciliation of the Protectionist party 
and their chiefs. Recrimination will not assist. 
The time for action is arrived. Providence by a 
mysterious visitation has deprived Sir Ronsnr 
Pxkr's measure of its present terrors. It is in the 
power of the agriculturist to make it a matter of 
future indifference. But how? By economising 
all. our domestic resources and by bringing to bear 
on the land all the resources of science and art, | of towns, we will forgive the real or supposed ene- 
Among our domestic resources what so important | mies of the agricultural interest the repeal of the 
as our domestic manure? And what source of 
wealth was ever the subject of such wilful. and 
wicked waste? Look at our farmstcads. The 
ditch which stagnates at the road-side is full of 
valuable manure let flow to waste. Look at our 
towns. "Phe rivers are literally black with the 
meaus of reproduction. Yon ship laden with solid 
guano from the tropics floats in water which is but 
a liquid guano in a diluted form. “Come hither 
and I will show you streams richer ia the elements 
of wealth than the gold streams of Africa. Sub- 
terranean rivers of liquid guano, which common 
sense destives for the land, but perverse ignorance 
casts into the sea. Here, close to Vauxhall bridge, 
is one of these guano streams, black and repulsive 
to the sense but to the eye of science a rich source 
of wealth and abundance." Hear what a distin- 
guished chemist says of the properties of this dirt 
stream after a careful and accurate analysis. “ The 
annual value of the chief constituents of the sewage 
water which at present passes into the Thames 
from the King's Scholars’ Pond Sewer is 23,3607. ; 
and of that which flows from. all the sewers of 
Londor, on the supposition that tbe fluid they dis- 
charge is of equal strength, 483,879/. This is no 
tale of fiction, but the result of a strict and eareful 
chemieal analysis, presented to the Select Com- 
mittee of the House of Commons on Matropo- 
litan Sewage Manure. The ammonia, the potash, 
and the bone-earth, contained in this dirty water, 
to say nothing of other valuable constituents if they 
were extracted, in a state of purity would sell for 
this sum, whether for agricultural or other pur- 
poses. i 
Is it not then a species of infatuation to 
allow this rich source of fertility—this mine of 
wealth—to be wasted, nay more, to become a means 
of pollution instead of a scurce of plenty ; à bane 
to the town where it ought to be a boon to the 
country. The 23,3604 is the value of the liquid 
discharge of a single sewer iu a single city of 
England. Can any one doubt that the wasted 
treasures of all our towns are more than sufficient 
to make amends to the agriculturists for the sacri- 
fice of the Corn-laws. Against such gigantic waste 
of resources no protection ean avail. Granted ; but 
how are these guano streams to be turned to their 
right use? How-are they to be conveyed to the 
country around? Why, as streams of pure water 
are conveyed to our towns; by machinery. They 
must be pumped out and brought to the farmers’ 
very doors as pure water is now pumped in and 
laid on to our houses. "There is no difficulty in 
that, and there is the greatest economy. “ Yes, but 
will ‘it‘pay ?” Pay! Woes it pay to supply the 
towns with clean water; and if so, can it fail to pay 
to supply the country with the same water enriched 
by the drainage of cattle-sheds which the farmer 
has not paid. to build, and of cattle which he has 
not paid to feed—of cattle fed on the richest and 
best of food? What is a large town but a vast 
cattle-shed, and what is sewer water but the 
drainage of that shed, richer far than the richest 
manure, as he at present manufactures it, that the 
farmer can command, or than that fertilizing liquid, 
the strength of that manure which, blockheads as 
we are; we suffer daily to flow to waste in our road- 
side ditches. x 
"This is strong and plain language ; but such lan- 
guage is needed when we are speaking of wasteful 
extravagance. What is all want and misery but 
the waste of some obvious source of wealth; waste 
of time, waste of talent, waste of food, waste of 
manure? Waste is the parent of want; ard we 
have now pointed out the most unaccountable of 
all extravagances. 
If there is any one among our readers so igno- 
rant as to doubt the efficacy of sewer water after 
what we have said as to the source from which it 
is derived, and of its high money value, we wil 
simply tell him one fact, now familiar to all men of 
average information, that sandy land on the sea- 
shore near Edinburgh has been raised from 2s. 6d. 
a year, to 207. or 307. annual value, by this very 
sewer water which we are constantly wasting. If 
this does not suffice, we refer him to the evidence 
of the Select Committee of the House of Commons 
on metropolitan sewage manure, or to an analysis of 
that and other evidence published by the Metropo- 
litan Sewage Manure Company, and to be had for 
the asking at their offices, 7, Waterloo-place. 
Ifonce convinced of the value of the refuse of our 
towns, let the farmer lose no time in petitioning the 
legislature that measures be taken withont delay to 
apply the refuse of all towns to the purposes of 
agriculture. A system similar to that adopted by 
the French. Government in th» case of railroads, 
would soon secure the necessary capital. We re- 
peat that ifthe Government will give us the refuse 
Corn-laws.— G. 
Mn. Asuron assures us(p. 715) thathe is an honest 
man; who denies it? And that he never had any- 
thing to do with adulterating guano ; who said that 
he had? He adds that in fact his Compounp 
Guano is a very.good article, quite as good in its 
way as the mixed wine that we are sometimes 
doomed to drink at dinner. We have no doubt of 
The comparison of mixed guano and mixed 
Port wine is often mixed with 
low Roussillon wines, or with coarse Colares ; or, to 
suit some palates, with Ratanhy root and Pocan 
juice. Sherries are mixed with burnt sugar, boiled 
wine, and other trash, This is done in order to 
increase the profits of the seller, who humbugs the 
buyer into a belief that these beverages are the 
better for the adulteration—no, not adulteration! 
that word must not be mentioned to ears polite— 
for the mixture. Guano. buyers will be mystified 
just in the same way if they do not take care. 
Ose dealer will fancy his guano too strong, and will 
reduce it; for which purpose Epping loam, or 
gypsum, or any other material that is cheap and 
handy, will be found useful ; and that will be his 
Compound Guano. Another wil mix off what he 
calls * fine? Peruvian Guano, rich in ammonia, and 
“fine” Saldanha Bay Guano, rich iu phosphates, 
and something else, and that will be Ais Compound, 
All very honestly intended, no doubt; but having 
the unfortunate character of throwing the door wide 
open to fraud. 
We should like to ask the advocates of this Com- 
position (a word which a philologist will show you 
has much the same root as Imposition) why they 
are so anxious to persuade the farmer to buy it? 
Cannot they sell these excellent materials sepa- 
rately ? Cannot they allow a man to have one ton 
ofthe genuine Saldanha Bay, and two tons of Peru- 
vian? Why should a farmer not be permitted to 
mix these good things himself, if he beso minded ? 
If Mr. Asuron’s advice is taken, we shall next 
haveaclaim set up for the excellence of compound 
Parsnip seed, and compound ‘Turnip seed, and com- 
pound bone-dust, Sueh things, indeed, are in the 
market already, as wo very well kuow ; the living 
and the dead being compounded in the one case, 
and limestone, plasterers’ rubbish, and quantum suff. 
of bones representing the other. 
No, no! we must have genuine articles if we can 
eet them, and not dealers’ mixtures. We must be 
permitted to compound our manures ourselves if 
they are to be compounded ; and with all pos ible 
respect for the good intentions of Mr. Asuron, we 
must tell him plainly that the mere advocacy of 
any contrary practice has a very bad appearanee. 
SCHEME OF CULTIVATION 
FOR SMALL FARMS, 
No. II.—* W. B. H.'s? farm of 16 acres of pasture 
land, about his house, and 9 aeres of arable in its neigh- 
bourhood. 
Two cows are kept, and two horses. The meadow- 
land is *good," and is to remain in s. The 
tillage-land is in two fields; one, 4 acres, and the other, 5. 
The former is partly a very foul Wheat-stubble, aud 
partly in Swedes aud Potatoes ; thelatter is now sown 
to Wheat aftcr fallow. ; 
This is of a size fit for spade husbandry. If it be 
near a market-town, all the crops should be grown for 
sale, and manure bought. If otherwise, suppose à rota- 
tion to be selected of three years’ duration, viz. : 
1. Grain crop. I 
2. Green crop for consumplion. 
3. Crop for sale. 
The grain crop may be Wheat: the green crop may 
be Swedes or Turnips, pulled, and the land immediately 
transplanted with Cabbages, to be removed before the 
selling crop is put in: and the selling crop, Carrots, or 
eans, or Potatoes, or any otber for whose produce a 
market may be obtained. 
The Grass-land should be alternately fed and mown 
in successive years. 
The Propuck oF THE Farm will be— 
2 tons of hay. : 
=the keep of 60 sheep during summer. 
he kecp of 40 sheep during two months, 
3 acres of Whea 0 bushels. E 
3 acres of Carrot: other crop, for sale--507. 
3 acres of Swedes, Carrots, &c.—60 tons. 
3 acres of Cabbages=40 tons. 
Valuing the Wheat crop at 52s, à quarter, the total 
produee of the farm is equal to about 90/. ; besides, as 
food for stock, 12 tons of hay and 100 tons of green 
food, and the keep of 60 sheep during ihe first part of 
summer, and of 100 during the remainder. Suppose 
the two cows to be turned out to Grass during summer, 
that will diminish the keep to within the consumption 
of 40 sheep and 80 sheep respectively during the former 
and latter part of summer, iib 
Suppose then sheep bought in May and again in 
August, they willthen be fit for going on the Swedes in 
