744 
THE GARDENERS' 
CHRONICLE. 
[Nov. 7, 
than a greenhouse, to come into bloom a little earlier 
than the rest. I have recommended the seeds to be 
sown in the pots, which is the method I prefer ; but if 
more convenient, a sufficient number of self-sown plants 
might be taken up and potted, only a few extras should 
be put in to allow for casualties, as the Mignonette 
transplants badly. The best Mignonette I ever saw 
grow was treated in this way ; but as it is not every 
gardener who can procure pigeon's dung, I may add, 
that guano will be found an excellent substitute. This 
admirable fertiliser must, however, be applied in a 
liquid state, and not before the pots have become well 
filled with roots, when a small quantity of guano, given 
at intervals of a week or so, will increase the vigour of 
the plants in an extraordinary degree. A second erop 
might be sown in the beginning of September, and 
managed in the same manner. Single plants will attain 
a large size in 32 or 24 sized pots, if the main branches 
are pegged down as they grow and the flowers are kept 
pinched off for a time.— Whiting, in Journal of the 
Horticultural Society. 
Calendar of Operations. 
(For the ensuing Week.) 
Importance of Light.—The vast influence of this 
vivifying agent is universally admitted, and at this time 
of the year it is of the utmost importance so to arrange 
stock in houses as to secure a due proportion to each 
of the tribes, remembering especially those from brighter 
climes. All retarded autumn flowers should have as 
light a situation as possible—near the glass, and not far 
from a quiet ventilation. Such plants as the following 
will deserve such attention at this period: Euphorbia 
; inig Erant} EA i : 
longiflora, the Heliotrope, Aphelandra cristata, Ges- 
nera zebrina and bulbosa, Scarlet Geraniums, Centra- 
denia rosea, Linum trigynum, Mignonette, Salvias, 
Caleeolarias, Cyclamens, Cinerarias, Verbenas, &c. &c. 
These, if attended to as previously directed, will be gay 
for weeks to come, and, with Chrysanthemums, Roses, 
and Camellias, will prevent any hiatus occurring be- 
tween the autumn flowers and those of the spring forc- 
ing. Above ‘all things, let every glass sash receive a 
thorough washing immediately, both those of the houses 
and also those of the frames or pits. Those who un- 
derrate the importance of clean glass in gardening, 
have yet much to learn. In order to keep the glass 
clean as long as possible, let mats and covering of all 
kinds be'constantly suspended on rails or posts. This 
is absolutely necessary, not only for the sake of the 
glass, but for the sake of proper economy, as Russian 
mats are rather expensive things. 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, &c. 
Cons tory.— A well d conservatory should 
now boast of a finer display than at any other period of 
the year. The charming contrast between the dark 
and glossy leaves of healthy Camellias and their lively 
coloured fiowers ; the delightful perfume and gay tints 
of the Bourbon, Hybrid China and Perpetual Roses, 
with the exuberant and dashing style of the Chinese 
h th ill of tl 1 produee a most 
hr will 
gorgeous effect. Keep up a mild and genial atmosphere 
—50° to 60° by day, sinking to 45° at night. Let the 
floors or some portion of the house receive 
sprinkling in the evening, provided a little back air 
ean be given to prevent drip.  Syringing is, 
of course, out of the question. Stove, Orchids, 
Teone plants in general as before. Let such of the 
rchids as have completed a good summer's growth, 
and which are somewhat inclined to be deciduous, sink 
gradually into repose. Those evergreen kinds, as some 
of the Dendrobiums, the Aerides, Saccolabiums, Vandas, 
&e., on blocks or ia baskets, should be lowered a little 
from the roof, if too near, in order to escape the vicis- 
situdes of temperature to which that situation would 
expose them in winter. Mixed Greenhouse. — The 
remarks in the conservatory section of this day's Calen- 
dar will apply here ; also the remarks on the benefits of 
a clean roof. Cold Pits or Frames.—Let all stock here 
be plunged in fresh saw-dust or coal ashes, and kept 
any means let the mixture be so strong for these. A 
lump of soft soap as large as a Walnut will make a 
bucket of the wash, adding thereto three handsful of sul- 
phur and a lump of clay. Let the whole be well mixed. 
Figs and Vines in pots or tubs intended for early 
forcing should be removed to a shed and plunged. 
Disrooting, repotting, &c., if necessary, should be done 
soon. In such cases if the ball is dry it will be well to 
soak it before shifting. Peaches and Cherries in tubs 
may be plunged overhead out of doors. All the above 
> Shia 
Trotices to Correspondents. 
ApricoT—Leyton—The variety of Apricot to which you allude as 
being known to you by the name of the Nutmeg Apricot, is 
most probably the Red Masculine, if not the Breda; and 
these you ought to be able to obtain from any nurseryman 
who propagates t-trees.|| 
DEES—J F G— Wait till there is a chance of a second or third 
swarm from your stock before you remove the bees, or let 
them remain till autumn; then unite the bees to another 
weak hive, and thus you will gain both more bees and pro- 
duce. Butif your old stock shows no symptonis of swarming 
at the usual season, dislodge them, in order that they may 
have time to establish themselves in their new dwelling. W. 
REN, " 
should receive what pruning is necessary ly, 
and should be dressed over in the manner recommende 
for the Vines and Peaches. Let all Strawberries in 
pots for foreing have proper protection immediately. 
Many of the failures occur through injured roots; 
unplunged they are in a most defenceless state. They 
are best plunged in cold frames,but as every one cannot 
command such, the next best plan is to plunge them in 
elevated beds of ashes quite above the ground level, and 
cover during frost with long and clean litter, giving 
the same attention as to a erop of early Radishes. 
FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, 
Let the planting of autumn bulbs be completed as 
soon as possible. To save unnecessary detail on this 
subject, I can do no better than direct attention to a 
clever article in the last Chronicle, p. 725, headed, 
“ Amateur Gardener.” Get all Dahlias up the moment 
the tops are frosted ; do not clean too much soil from 
them, it will prove a protection if dried on them. 
Strong roots should be placed in a warm or airy place, 
in order to get them thoroughly dry ; weak roots must 
be potted or covered with dry soil. Neapolitan Violets 
should be thoroughly cleansed from weeds, runners, 
and dead leaves, and have a considerable quantity of 
dry sand strewed amongst them. This will prevent 
the ravages of the slugs. If out of doors they must 
have hoops and mats, Plant out Hollyhocks and other 
biennials, and lose not the chance of removing large 
shrubs where necessary. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS, 
Tulips, as a matter of course, are all planted,and few 
seasons have occurred in which to use florists’ phrase- 
ology “ they have gone in so well.” We would advise 
precautionary measures, as many of the bulbs are to a 
certain degree affected by the serious mildew which 
affected the foliage last season. It will be, therefore, 
advisable to keep the beds as dry as possible for some 
few weeks, or at least to give the bulbs time to form 
plenty of roots, previous to exposing the beds to the 
weather. This may be done by coverings of mats, &c., 
during wet weather. Carnations and Picotees had better 
remain where they are till spring ; we are no advocates 
for removal in November. Those which are potted off 
should have the air at all times, and if they have had 
plenty of exposure hitherto, slight frosts will not affect 
hem. Auriculas also should be nursed as little as 
possible, very little water given, and kept out of the way of 
drip. Attend to compost heaps, and collect all the 
leaves, &c., for next year. 
near the glass, Cover up with mats at night any- 
thing tender, and with this covering a little air may be 
left at a light or two, to harden the stock, by allowing the 
vapours to pass away. 
E KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pines.— Be very cautious in watering after this 
period. Those planted out will of course want none for 
months ; those swelling in pots may receive a little 
liquid manure if dry, and ordinary successions in 
dung pits will require no more until the middle of 
January, provided they are in a tolerably moist state. 
Watch for bright days, and make use of sunshine when 
offered by keeping a solar heat of 809 to 90° to those 
Swelling, sinking at night to 659. Vinery: Early 
Grape: — Those who desire Grapes in the end of April 
9r beginning of May, must now take the preliminary 
Steps. Let the Vine stems, if covered with much rough 
ark, and a suspieion exists of insects concealed, be 
stripped of the coarser portion, and receive a thorough 
plastering or flooding with a soft soap mixture, contain- 
ing sulphur and clay sufficient to make it into a sort of 
paint. If the Vines are young or luxuriant, it will be 
well to daub a little white-lead in the pruned ends for 
fear of bleeding. Tf the roots are inside, and tolerably 
dry, the border should be watered with manure water 
at a temperature of 859. If the roots are outside let 
the fermenting covering be well attended to, securing a 
permanent temperature of 80°. Early Peaches.—Fol- 
low the directions for the early Grapes, but do not by 
ITCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
The Globe Artichokes should now have some of the 
superfluous leaves cut away and be soiled 6 or 8 inches 
high up the stem. My practice is to surround the 
plant with leaves, recently fallen, and to soil over this 
in a sort of mound, then to force a wisp of hay in the 
centre of the crown. Get up the Jerusalem Artichokes 
and house them dry in a dry shed. Cauliflowers in 
head should be taken up and heeled close together, 
covering them with long litter in severe weather. 
TTAGERS’ GARDENS. 
Again let me urge the importance of planting Cabbages 
or other Greens in the ground from which Potatoes have 
been taken. "They may be so planted as to receive, if 
necessary, a row of Potatoes between each pair of rows 
of Cabbages, or else a row of Parsnips or Carrots. 
Endeavour to prevent any fermentation taking place in 
the Potato pits. 
s FORESTING. 
” This is an excellent planting season ; where lands are 
duly prepared not’ a moment should be lost. Felling, 
pruning, thinning, &e., can be done in frosty weather ; 
not so, planting. Drain for spring planting, with other 
preparations. Hoop over tender seedlings in the 
nursery. 
tate of the Weather near London 
4 for the week ending Novi ,1843, aa 
obser ved at the Horticultura) Garden, 
» Chiswick. 
Moon's| BAROMETER. "FRERWUMEFRK. s 
Aw. "Max. | Min. [M ; ASAAN 
10 | 30.120 | 30-102 
1 | 30.131 | 30.071 201 
12 | ano3 | 29.959 | 59 
1 .034 | 99 59 
80.050 | 29.991 | 6 
15 | 30.98 | 30.052 | 60 02 
| 16 | 30.157 | 30.181 | 56 E) 
| | 30.077 | 80.031 | 56.51” 30.5! 47.5 04 
vercast; clear as night 
hroughout 
d; hazy. 
Mean temperature of the week 14 deg. above the average. 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
ensuing Week ending Nov. 14, 1846. 
Prevailing Winder. 
No. o: 
Aver. | Aver. 
Nov. |Highest| Lowest [reno whin 
Temp. | Temp. | Tt x z 
n. 8 zi 85. 478 e f 1 8|8 
Mon, 9| 51.0 94.9 | 42.9 1 LE 
Tues 50.9 374 440 1| o 
Wed. 11 50.7 286.9 | 43.8 1 12/1 
Thur.12 51.7 836.1 | 489 1 5/1 
Fri. 13 518 80.4 48.9 2 2/1 
Sat. 14 48.9 86.3 | 42. 8 8/2 
The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 12th 
1841—therm. 63° ; and the lowest on the 11th, 1898, and 18th. 1843—therm. 219 
o—It Idom happens that bees leave their 
hives at allin stormy weather; they are, 
sionally exposed to sudden storms, and their da 
passing over 300 yards of water, must necessari) 
To secure them as far as possible, place their hive on an 
elevated situation in the centre of the 
may be rarely exposed to such accidents 
UF] ERRY— C A 4 L—We must be, 
on the eastern side, 
Your letter was missed last 
week; thatreceived this morning will be noticed next week. 
GoosERERRY AND CURRANT TR: R hese, although of 
only one year’s growth, may be transplanted even with ad- 
vantage, if done immediately. || 
HrATING—A4 B D—The boiler ought to do the work required of 
it, by merely extending the pipes. But can yon not Polmaise 
the new part, with the existing appa us. We should think 
it might be done, with a small exercise of ingenuity, 
Insrots—W C M C—You must pick out and scrape the can- 
kered parts, and brush in train oil ; then mix equal parts of 
soot and lime with water, and wash the trunks and infested 
branches all over. Tf this be repeated in the spring, you will 
rid of the plague, which no doubt is weakenin 
trees, R.——Milo—It is the maggot of some fly similar to one 
which infests Onions. Dress your bed well with soot and 
wood ashes. —Columella—. to send Mr, 
Curtis, Hayes, Middlesex, a s; 
are two sorts, and would you like t 
for it seems s 
the premise: 
— RA J— 
a 
S, a! 
e him your addre: 
pos: e you without seeing 
R Jimily—As the flies do not propagate in 
the house, re-papering and painting wil be of no service; 
but in all probability they wil not be troublesome next 
—— Ghent Thanks for the Cherry-leaves i 
the caterpillar of a minute moth which mines the galleries. 
Cannot you breed the moth for us that we may publish its 
history, for the in s were killed by the pressure of tl 
he 
st. R.—E Oates—Y our leaves are covered with Oak span- 
gles, ich are more than usually abundant this season. 
Their history has been given at p. 52 (1 1 
LANGUAGE—Manure—If you wish to understand the terms of 
chemistry, you must study the science. We refer you to 
Professor Solly's * Rural Chemistry" for information on 
common subjects. 
MasNoLrAs— 7 B—No Magnolias ought to be planted on a 
north-east wall. "They require more warmth than they can 
Neither do 12 hardy sorts of 
848).4 
receive in such a place, 
Magnolia exist. 
Names or Frurrs—Norman—Chaumontel.||——C B—Napoléon, 
Court Pendu Plat.|I—J T P—Marie Louise Pear, and 
Scarlet-leaved Black Cluster Grape.|j 
Names or Pranrs—M D P—A itum coolestinum,——P T O 
—The common name of Triticum repens is Couch Grass. 
The French physicians prescribe a decoction of its rhizome 
as an aperient, but we do not know the strength of the prepa- 
ration ; it is probabl t material. 1 the Hybrid Per- 
etual Roses are the better for protection; Spruce Fir 
oughs interwoven with their branches, and straw over their 
roots, form a good safeguard.—— Query—Aster grandiflorus, 
—. ibitof Schubertia 
D Murray—Y our Cape Cedar is perhap 
capensis. The Opuntia reached us —— Derweni 
Cassia Tora. Can any one give the botanical name of the 
Spanish “ Fruta de Conde,” a hotho hrub, with large 
ovate spear-shaped leaves, strongly veined, and resembling 
some species of Banisteria. 
EARS—/ V S W—The sort brought from America by Mr. 
Cobbett, and called by him the Long Island Autumnal Pear, 
is not known. || 
Prcotres—W W—Procure the following,—Crask’s 
bert, Kirtland’s Squire Annesley, and Wilson's Mi 
Irby.* 
Beenie ova Sub é i Ickworth Impéi ice, Whi 
Magnum bonum, Reine Claude Violette, 2 Denyer’s Victoria, 
Washington, 2 Shropshire Damson.|| 
Porators—D E—You may apply salt to Potato land at the 
rate of 2 cwt. per aere.[——.4 W—We do not know whether 
the Peruvian Potatoes are on sale or not, 
Sanr—M C Y—Use it in the spring at the rate of 2ewt. to an 
acre. Bones dissolved in sulphuric acid form what is called 
superphosphate of lime. We have not seen the manure ap- 
lied to Roses ; but if used, the spring, just when the plants 
are pushing, is the time to give it, It is well suited to many 
shrubs and trees, especially when newly planted, provided it 
is at that time mixed in small quantity with the roots. 
SWEET OnrsNuTS—ZR A J- These may be propagated by graft- 
ing in spring, like Apples or Pears. Ifyou have not Chesnut 
stocks, you can easily raise them from the well ripened fruit 
of the present favourable season.|| 
TinusAnn—Z A J— May be now planted, || 
Misc—J B, Penrith—The various points are under full consi- 
deration. |} J Connelly—Tecoma jasminoides often loses a 
few of its leaves about this season, Yours may lose all from 
i] 
Prince AI- 
ias Fanny 
ey 
or C 
your Fuchsias still stand in a window, exp: 
but allow them to ripen and harden off 
by gradually withholding water. When 
ft unripened tops, and then the plants 
t. 
fallen, cut off the so! 
may be placed in any dry piace free from frost.{——Sub— 
A list of 50 hardy herbaceous plants, all dissimilar and 
pretty, has been given at p. 681 (1843).}—A C—Your Ivy- 
leaved Geraniums are decaying just above the roots. The 
evil may, possibly, arise from over-watering.1—— Caution— 
Lead should never be used for water-tanks ; it always poisons 
e ter, and the more pure the latter the greater the 
mischief. You cannot use better materials than coal-ashes 
and old tan for your heavy land; but if you can char the 
latter so much the better.—B—The meaning of the signs 
that puzzle you is to be found explained in “School Botany,” 
which you should study before attempting to understand the 
“Vegetable Kingdom” 9 = female; d' = male; © —herma- 
ite. —Sub — Mr. W. 0.’s address i Paul-street, 
Bristol. 
SEEDLING FLOWERS. n 
DAnL1AS— T R—It is too late in the season to form a sans is 
tory opinion upon Seedling Dahlias. There appears to be 
dvisable to 
3 
re ap] 
ng qualities in your flower, that makes it a1 
try it another season.’ 
EnnaTUM—In last Chronicle, p. 726, col. b, for ‘Bicton” read 
“ Britain,” 
