792 
THE GARDENERS' 
CHRONICLE. 
[Nov. 28, 
«Technological Dictionary.” This class of works, if 
judiciously selected, is of much importance in develop- 
ing the intelligence of all men, be their station in life 
what it may. 
Calendar of Operations. 
(For the ensuing Week.) 
CONSERVATORIES, STOVE, 
The conservatory being now replete ‘ith, gaiety, care 
must be taken in the very first place that all drip from 
the roof is avoided. To accomplish this, very little 
water must be applied in any shape, excepting what is 
absolutely necessary at the root. However, under these 
circumstances, 2 very moderate amount of atmospheric 
heat must be allowed ; for, wherever heat is allowed 
(in the gardening acceptation of that term), there must 
be atmospheric moisture, or the plants will soon show 
marks of debility; therefore the true conservatory 
policy, from the end of November until the early part 
of February, is to keep as low a temperature as possible, 
consistently with the main object in view, viz. enabling 
plants with duly organised buds to develop their blos- 
soms in a proper way. This, I say, is the principal ob- 
ject ; their continuance in bloom, and the preservation 
of their tints, follow i in close connection. A still atmo- 
sphere must be The must be 
moderate ; about 45° to 55° by day, and 40° to 45° by 
night, will be quite sufficient for the present. Stove 
and Orchids.—Go on quietly ; keep a similar atmo- 
sphere to that recommended for the conservatory, but 
about 10° higher. A little more atmospheric moisture 
must be allowed, however, in proportion to the extra 
heat, according to the fore-named principles. Mixed 
Greenhouse. —Observe the remarks on Conservatory 
management. Forcing pit.—If a mere pit of ferment- 
ing matter, a very free ventilation must occasionally be 
allowed, or the moisture will be overpowering. 
bottom-heat of 75? ought to be secured ; this: is indis- 
pensable. The pots should be about half plunged in 
Keep the atmospherie heat very low at 
first, about 55? to 60? in the day, with as much air as 
can be managed, and 50? to 55? by night, still leaving 
air more or less. 
KITCHEN GARDEN FORCING. 
Pines.—Late-swelling fruiters, which have had no 
water for weeks, may receive a Tittle more tepid ma- 
nure-water. There is, however, room for grave doubts 
as to whether it is absolutely necessary after this 
period. Of those managed in the old style (in houses 
or pits with flues), there is no doubt that such would 
require it. By modern plans, however, a much greater 
amount of atmospheric moisture is indulged in; and 
this should be duly considered. When sunshine occurs, 
iustead of giving air,let the thermometer rise to 809. 
or even 905, after whieh give air. Early Vinery.—1f 
the former directions have been attended to, little can 
yetbeadded. As before obseryed, commence ' gradually. 
If there is fermenting matter within the house, let it be 
turned or stirred onee a week, in order to pro- 
mote fermentation; taking care to keep it moist. 
Peaches.—Proceed as with the Vines for the present, 
Cucumbers.—Those who have winter plants in pits or 
frames must be sure to keep the glass perfectly clean. 
So much depends on the mode of heating that it is al- 
most impossible to offer advice which may prove ser- 
viceable. One or two points, however, apply to all. If 
much atmospheric moisture be applied, so as to lodge 
on the leaves in a general way, ventilate, or by other 
means dry the dew off the leaves for an hour or two 
every day. Secure a day heat of 70°, allowing 85° 
max, in sunshine, and 60? to 65? by night. Mushroom- 
house.—Keep the floor constantly wet, Be moderate 
in the use of fire-heat—i5° to 60° is sufficient. Any 
late made beds not yet showing, on which the soil i 
become husky, may be slightly sprinkled before the 
Spawn comes through. 
FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES, 
Now that the leaves are off the trees and shrubs, let 
the shrubberies have a thorough cleaning. Rose stocks 
should be procured forthwith and planted on rich soil 
for budding purposes. Examine pillar and trellis 
Roses, and see if the soil wants renewing or the kinds 
changing. Roomy holes should be made for choice 
kinds, capable of containing three or four barrows of 
soil. Turfy loam of a sound character is the chief 
thing ; to this adda portion of rich rotten manure and, 
if at ied a little sandy peat or leaf soil. 
TCHEN GARDEN AND ORCHA 
Salads. The proper preservation of Sins is one 
of the most important winter duties of a gardener, and 
great difference exists in practice on this head. The 
old Dutch mode of procuring good Lettuce through the 
whole winter is pretty well known ; indeed many know 
it who are not able to practise it for” the want of spare 
frames or pits. Those who desire to have good 
Lettuce in this way need be under no apprehension of 
the difficulty, provided they are willing to undergo the 
expense of frames. However, for ordinary purposes, 
the best way is to grow a considerable breadth of 
Lettuce from the Aug ust sowings ; that of the first 
week is eligible. This jme tied and blanched betimes 
in October, may be taken up and heeled close together 
and covered with straw mats or otherwise. The same 
may be said of Endive. Two points are very necessary, 
viz., to promote the circulation of dry air or winds 
through them at all times, and to keep out frost. Much 
remains to be said on this head, which the Calendarial 
limits will not permit. I must therefore reserve some 
further remarks for a future period. Orcharding. — 
Proceed with pruning, nailing, &e., without a moment's 
delay, in proper weather. 
OTTAGERS' GARDENS. 
The Potato pit should be carefully examined, and all 
suspicious ones removed and used forthwith. Where 
2 cow is kept, the decaying leaves from all the various 
greens should be collected once a week. Those which 
are become yellow are, of course, useless ; but abund- 
ance will befound on Broccoli, Savoys, Brussels Sprouts, 
&c., on the lower parts of the stem, whieh will be of 
Serviee to the cow. Continue to plant Potatoes as 
ground can be spared. 
FORESTING. 
This is an excellent planting season, and not a day 
should be lost, for frost and snow may shortly be ex- 
pected ; a continuance of them may suspend these ope- 
rations till February. Let young trees annoyed by 
hares or rabbits be protected; any simple nauseous 
mixture will keep them off until they seek other food. 
Make preparation for new hedgerows, break the soil 
up as deep as possible, and introduce as much turfy or 
vegetable matter as can be spared. 
State of she Weather near London, for the week ending Nov. 06, 1848, as 
vedat the Horticultura) Garden, Chiswick. 
T [ BAnowsrmx. 
Nov. 
Frid. 20 
Sat. 1 
Sun. 22 
on. 
Tues. . 24 
Wed. 25 43 
Thurs, i6 29.932 | 53 | 80 
Avera " 
Tov. 90 Cloudy and boisterous; lig e ae night 
31 Pardislly overcast; very ^in 
Fine: ov clenr; 
ady ; densely overcast; rain 
3)—Hozy and damp; rain 
IER ein threaghout 2 
26—Parsially clouded ; very fine; clears oM at night, 
mperatureof the week 7 deg. above the average, 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 20 years, for the 
ng Week ending Dec 5, 1246. 
| Provalling Winds 
NES 
2 
eru. 1 Greatest 
Nov. iin Loma denn pur uantity 
PIT " Of Rain 
44 | s | aaa] n 0.56 in. 
808 | 3&6 |4€4| 12 0.31 
501 | 389 | 445 0.95 
48.5 | 36.1 | ata} m 0.51 
487 | 389 423 9 0.17 
470 | 8&2 | 42.6 9 0.14 
at. 5| «64 | 356 41.0 | vais 
e highest cemperature during the above period ieenderetion the bihy 
on hen. 8677 and the lowerton the Sth, 1244—therm, 14°, 
Notices to Correspondents, 
— Loudon's “ Encyclopedia of Gardening,” 
‘Self Instruction for Young Gardeners,” and 
“The Theory of Horticulture,"— —J' E M—The last men- 
tioned, wit new edition of DUNS Catalogue, the 
** Vegetable AER and “ Schoo! 
Corracers—M B—You had better procure Pastore ** Cotta- 
ger's Calendar: K nona reguire a treatise to give you the 
information you seek ; you will probably find all you wantin 
that invaluable iile Es 
FORCING FRAME—. H—The situation is excellent, Sink the 
bed below the ground level, about one-half its bulk, provided 
water can be prevented from lodging ; whether shale or soil 
is immaterial, if such can be le Is it worth 
while, however, to excavate rock o! n p rpose? The bed may 
be above the level, only it will require more attention and 
manure in linings. The leaves should be those recently 
fallen, and must be io together, and well fermented, 
previous to. building the 1t should be at least 4 feet 
high at back, at this demde It is immaterial what frame is 
used, provided height for the plants is afforded, The leaves 
and dung should be moist and trodden tolerably firm, Ji 
Fumication—C M C— a pe carbonate of ammonia, in 
water, will kill green ave but Il plants are not able to bear 
it; some leaves become br dium me drop off, and it ruins 
paint. It does very well for Roses ; see p. 371, 1846. Try 
Tobaceo-water. 
GOOSEBERRIES—A Subseriber—Preferring flavour to size, the 
following varieties will suit your purpose :—/ed : Red Cham- 
pagne, Red Warrington, Keens? Sealing, Rough Red, Red 
Turkey, Rob Roy, Ironmonger. Woodward’s White- 
smith, Early White, White Fig, olor 
White Se Green: Early Green Hairy, Hebburn Green 
Prolific, Pitmaston Green Gage, Green Walnut. Y 
q ombultion, y excellent for bottling ; Yellow Ohampagne.|| 
is not practicable to Bc you an answer 
E your inquiry sitione being on the spot. /You should con- 
sult Plumridge. We presume that soot collects in the bend 
of your ehimney, where it dips down. Why can you no 
make it rise instead of fall ? Mt leafis amartyr to the red 
spider. Your house is much to 
—As there are go a insects, &c., all called 
wireworms, whose habits are very different, we cannot give 
you advice until you have sent some specimens in a pill-box. 
R.—M D—It is ety clavatus which lives upon th 
beetles, May we beg of you to send us some of these that 
we may publish AGE history. Cannot you have the bed- 
steads taken to pieces and kiln dried, or put into an oven for 
15 or 20 minutes ? ifnot, wash the furniture well with spirits 
of EUER using a painter's brush, and repeat it occa- 
UM until you find no dust falls from the holes. £z. —— 
e When frost comes the insects will disappear. They 
are called Aleyrodes proletella. Theleaves with the brown 
scales under them must be taken OU eum burnt, as the 
little white flies are bred from them. R.——J L H—Your 
interesting queries require too long answers for our Notices, 
learn. QU to satisfy your curiosity, the 
caterpillar shall form t for an essay. R. 
JERUSALEM mrenoxts- Youghal Our r columns of last week 
PE TES give nformation we possess, 
Lzavrs—C T R—Such spots ae “ound every year upon dying 
Sycamore leaves : yours are blotehed excessively ; we see no 
other difference.— —us in DUE We Shen T Piso supposed 
that your leaves were suffering from cold and wet; but itis 
impossible to speak with. certainty in the absence 6 inspec- 
tion of your place. 3 guano is not likely to have pro- 
duced the DI DES x warm and drier atmosphere would, 
pr SEDE) n the 
MANURE—A Be, aac odin ashes, in small quantities, are 
beneficial tos AU ds cf KEAT: vy land as a top-dressing, and 
orked in; and they will sometimes assist light land also. 
They are dom improved if soaked with putrid urine. We 
attach much value to them.—0O Z S—Mix your night soil 
with n decayed FERAN and all such rubbish ; cover 
it with gypsum, cinder ashes, Son dust, dead leaves, 
peat, ux Ake such material, and put a good thickness of soil 
over all. ew months, when uie smellis gone, turn the 
heap well over, and it will be a very strong, excellent manure 
| for all purposes, There is no difficulty in fruiting the Kish- 
mish Vine that we ever heard of ; t bears abundantly on an 
open wall; but it wants heat to ri 
MULBERRIES—J S M—Cuttings of hede may be put in pots now, 
and in spring, put them in moderate heat, An old plant may 
e forced.|| 
| Names or Frourr—W—Not known : it is russeted and coloured 
like the Pomme Royale, but it has $i Mies depression about 
the eye, and appears to ron earliei 
Names or PLANTS— When plants is Es to be named, it is 
most particularly requested tha t they may be in flower, and 
as perfect as circumstances permit. Most especially is it 
requested that the country sence they have been received, 
and whether they ane annuals, A RTE » shrubs, hardy, 
greenhouse, gros ove plants gay be stated ; because speci- 
mens by post are generally and incomplete, and much 
valuable time, which such information rou I is need- 
l wasted T A B—1, Catasetum luri Rodri- 
guezia penie lia; 3, Catasetum deltoideum ; m. E] eSa 
atum; P ; Ñaxillaria pallidifora ; 6, Cat: um Hookeri 
S—Physalis pubescens, alias edulis yO P— 
Pteris longifolia ; it is not reasonable to ask us to waste 
fie ah ee out the names of morsels of Ferns without 
fructification, and of other plants, especially miserable 
Onion without tlower.— George Geggie—Y our Bama is 
no variety of Rubus fruticosus, which is an en fi 
atue m 
ec: di is a cut-leaved state of one of the cor; 
a is probably the R. laciniatus of Atea — 
APpR Ry some species of Callitris, but Impossible to 
say what from such a do rey perar 
beautiful little plant is a Scinthian, id which we are d 
quainted. It may, per e S. gemniflora, which is sald 
to have purple flowers. n um ap logis e for having mis- 
are varieties of 
lai your note M Stansficla— 
Zygop. M TERN botanie al ER on. 
New [ese Walls first : uses afterwards. Upon refer- 
ring, to our previous ND. you will see that Mr. Meek 
Me bis house to be seen any Wednes: Mter one 
lock. other correspondent near London also to-day 
RS his willing gne: ow his Polmaised houses. Good 
Walcheren Brocoli i is hard to get. Apply to your seedsman, 
Oncnanp—2 B— Ground that has been dug out 7 or 8 feet, and 
to within 1 foot of ‘the lowest practical drainage, is not at all 
likely to answer for orchar do make the ex- 
periment, you ought to trench the ground well, and plant the 
trees on ridges, before spring. The hardiest kitchen 
will be most proper. Potato crops are the br meliorat- 
ing the soil where young fruit trees are planted.]| 
PEARS—A Subser Van Mons Leon le Clerc is a large 
oblong fruit ofi first ate quality, ripe in October and Novem- 
er || — toL —F ov espaliers in a warm shallow soil. 
Re d Doy sini, Seckle, ds Bonne (of Jersey), 2 Marie 
Louise, ss Bose, Beurré Diel, 2 Hacon's Incomparable, 
Winter Nelis, Trout, Napoleon, 2 Thompson’s, 3 Glout 
Morceau, 3 Pa asse Colmar, 2 Knight’s Monarch, 2 Ne plus 
Meuris, Jean de Witte, 2 Easter Beurré, 2 2 Beurré Rance.|| 
Pinus PATULA—W T— s stood out ‘unprotected, in the 
garden of the Horticultural Society, since 1841, andis now 
8 feet 2 inches in height, and 8 feet across the bottom 
branches. It was only 2 in. in height when planted out, and 
has never had any protectio: severe winters the 
gus GRtHellet e ARR ER ABeCo we by frost, 
PonwAisE HEATING—Ar. George Nichols, of Leeds, states that 
e has succeeded in applying this principle, using a stone 
rm for the tank. He adds that “ the moisture given out 
is sufficient, and has a wonderful effect upon the growth of 
the ER Tobacco smoke passed into the cold air drain at 
the lowest part makes its appearance in a few seconds at the 
opening where the hot airenters the house. The apparatus 
can be stopped, or the hot air turned off, when not wa GE 
which val he fonndes boon atten’ frosty night followed b; 
nope We ha: one through xd 
two very a letters, and we conclude that you do understand 
the piney jle of Po AM pair of making 
the plans more intelligible to you. a ae 
dnb of guiding builders and others ; inc 
that theordinary rules of ri presenting c Sum in such figures 
should be "ups art we cannot teach. he 
return flue, P, is the Re Md; we quite misunderstoo: 
'our ques on. Ithas no communication whatever with the 
cold air gms Z is a separation of the chimney return flue 
from R, space below which d filled with rubbish, A 
SEE TR is id small ex al shed in which the furnace of a 
greenhouse, with its fuel, dc. is placed. ERE Reine Claude 
Violette Plum is a very fine kind of Purple Gage ; it is one of 
the best Plums known. We don ot recommend the Windsor 
Peai e so crowded with other m: 1at we cannot 
atpresent repeat Mr. Meek’: splan. And, after all,why should. 
we? If the world will not give itself the little tvouble of 
turning from Du PEDE to another, it is the affair of the pole 
e are not quite justified in repeating matter a 
essible to all, meri GA to save ponca a little trouble. id 
hints, however, ave very acceptable ; they entirely correspond 
with our own experience of the genus homo. Believe no won- 
RA tales of Mosel stoves t cost nothing. There 
many excellent stoves in use, and in many unco the dis- 
tnodo s are mere matters of fancy or foll; 1 may burn 
either coals or coke; we pu the latter [TS we avoid 
soot, which is a great evil i in a garden. 
Porators—R H will find what he seeks Ce HAT in profusion 
through our columns ever since August, 18 
does not expect us to save him the trouble o PARU 
'—' The Ash-leaved Kidney is the py as the 
Walnut- lenved.| if 
P Hifrida—As soon as the leaves have dropped, the 
winter EU of fruit-trees may be safely commenced.|| 
SmovEs— n your suspension stove becomes red hot you 
had better ee it atall. It is unsuited to plants, if that 
is the case. The painting does no other good than that of 
preventing the iron from rusting ; the colour is iramaterial in 
your case. e will give you with EN what you ask for 
if you will favour us DT 
THE LATE HAILSTORM—A Correspondent "who adds that he is 
also a DN to the funds raised for relieving the 
damage this storm, complaii Pins that no money has 
been anui among the sufferers, and urges that what 
ney is in hand sh: e at once distributed. We cannot 
enter into this Guenon Gar correspondent should apply to 
the Ron e. 
VINES—A Su r—It is A a good time to cut back your 
PT T “tected Vines. No composition is necessary ; 
here anger of Hae bleeding g when cut before winter. 
sa e eo severe frostis injurious ; ; but a cool temperature 
is beneficial.|| 
Misc—A B C—The fruit you sent was the Momordica Bal. 
samina. It may be cultivated as a Cucumber, and so pickled 
in a green state. We cannot say what the other fruit 
is, to which you allude, without seeing it.|| —- One shil- 
ling will be given for No. 31, 1846.—— Temple—Itis an inva- 
riable rule, and an TURO 00 on that we should not 
give recommendations of tradesmen. It is for them to keep 
the publie aware of their residences, &c., by means of adver- 
tisements, It is of no consequence when Ivy is pruned ; 
whenever it is most conven Subseriber may plant 
his Water Lily now, andin the manner he proposes ; the tank 
is, however, too deep, and it would be as well to contrive some 
means of keeping the plant within 3 feet of the surface. 
*,* As usual, many communications have been received too late, 
*andothers 'y inquiries 
canbemade, We must also beg for the indulgence of those 
correspondents, the insertion of whose contributions is still 
delayed 
ne 
