COLEOPTERA. Sy 
antenne consists of but three joints, where the labrum forms a trans- 
versal square, and the maxille have three strong terminal teeth, and 
two on the inner side in place of the interior lobe. 
The species, in which the club is composed of five joints, the labrum 
is very short, and the maxille have but two teeth, one terminal and 
the other on the inner side, for his genus PAxiLuus. 
Finally, in his family of the Passalides, he unites to the preceding 
the genus Chiron, which we have placed in the tribe of the Copro- 
phagi*. 
These Insects are foreign to Europe, and, as it would appear, to 
Africa, being chiefly found in the eastern parts of Asia, and particu- 
larly in America. Madame Merian says, that the larva of the species 
figured by her lives on the roots of the sweet potato. The perfect 
Insect is not uncommon in the sugar-houses f. 
In the second general section of the Coleoptera, or the HeTrro- 
MERA, We find five joints in the four first tarsi, and one less in the two 
last. 
These Insects all feed on vegetable substances. M. Leon Dufour 
—Annal. des Sc. Nat., VI, p. 181—has observed that the texture of 
the male organs of generation approximates them to those of the 
Scarabzeides and Clavicornes; their testes consist of spermatic cap- 
sules or sacculi. 
We will divide this section into four great families }, the two first 
of which are somewhat analogous to the first pentamerous Coleoptera, 
in an excrementitious apparatus discovered in several of their genera 
by the same savant; their chylific ventricle also is frequently covered 
with papille. In several of these Insects, we find the vestiges of 
another secreting apparatus but seldom observed among Coleoptera, 
that which is denominated the salivary apparatus. The hepatic ves- 
sels, as in the Pentamera, with but few exceptions, are six in number, 
and have two insertions distant from each other: “ at one extremity,”’ 
says M. Dufour, “they are inserted by six insulated ends round the 
collar, which terminates the chylific ventricle; the other opens into 
the origin of the cecum by trunks, varying in number according to 
the family and genus.” 
In some, where the elytra are generally solid and hard, and the 
hooks of the tarsi are almost always simple, the head is ovoid or oval, 
susceptible of being received posteriorly into the thorax, or sometimes 
* Hor. Entom. I, p. 105, et seq. 
t+ See Fabricius, Syst. Eleuth., If, p. 155: Web., Obser. Entom.; Palis. de 
Beauv., Insect. d’Afr. et d’Amér.; Lat., Gener. Crust. et Insect., II, p. 136; and 
Schenh., Synon., I, iii, p. 331, and Append., p. 143, 144. 
t+ In a natural order, the fourth is connected with the first by the Helopii which 
Linneus places in his genus Tenebrio. It is also evident that the Tenebrios lead to 
Phaleria, Diaperis, &c., or to our second family, 
