ORTHOPTERA. 155 
Those species in which the males produce their stridulation only 
by rubbing their thighs against the elytra or wings, and whose fe- 
males are destitute of a salient ovipositor, are distinguished from the 
preceding ones by their antenn, which are sometimes filiform and 
cylindrical, and scmetimes ensiform or clavate, and always at least 
as long as the head and thorax; their elytra and wings are always 
tectiform or inclined, and their tarsi are triarticulated. They have 
five or six ceca, and their biliary vessels, as in most of the order, are 
directly inserted into the intestine. 
The ligula of the greater number is merely bipartite. They all 
have three distinct simple eyes, the labrum emarginated, the mandi- 
bles multidentated, and the abdomen conical and compressed laterally. 
They leap better than the preceding ones, fly higher and longer, and 
feed voraciously on vegetables. They may be comprised in one single 
genus, that of 
Acrypium, Geoff., 
Which may be subdivided as follows: 
Some have the mouth exposed, the ligula bifid, and a membranous 
pellet between the terminal hooks of the tarsi. Such are 
Pneumora, Thunb.—partim Grytius BULLA, Lin., 
Distinguished from the following by the posterior legs, which are 
shorter than the body, and less adapted for leaping, and by their vesi- 
cular abdomen, at least in one of the sexes. 
Their antenne are filiform. 
They are only found in the most southern part of Africa *. 
Proscopia, &f liq. 
Apterous Insects, with a long and cylindrical body; their head 
destitute of ocelli, is prolonged anteriorly in the manner of a cone 
or point, bearing two filiform antenne, shorter than itself, and com- 
posed of seven joints at most, the last pointed. Their posterior legs 
are large, long, and approximated to the intermediaries, which are 
more than usually remote from the anterior ones. These Orthoptera, 
peculiar to South America, fourm the subject of an excellent Mono- 
graph, published by M. Kliig. 
Truxauis, Fab, Gryius acripa, Lin. 
The Truxales, by their compressed, prismatic, ensiform antennex, 
and by their pyramidally raised head, are removed from all other 
Orthoptera +. 
tus. Finally, the ScapHURz& of M. Kirby—Lin. Trans., Encye. Méthod.—or my 
Pennicornes, resemble ordinary Grylli, but their antenne are bearded inferiorly, and 
their oviduct is scaphoid. 
For other genera, see Toussaint Charpentier, and the Mem. of the Imper. Acad, 
of St. Petersburg, where Thunberg has established new generic sections. 
* Pneumora sexguttata, Thunb,, Act. Suec., 1775, vii, 3 ;—Gryllus inanis, Fab. ;—= 
P. immaculata, Thunb., Lb., vii, 1 ;—G. papillosus, Fab. ;—P. maculata, Thunb., Ib., 
vii, 2;—G. variolosus, Fab. 
t+ Gryllus nasutus, L.; Roes., Insect., II, Gryll. iv, 1, 2. The antenne are false; 
M 2 
