LEPIDOPTERA. 277 
most frequently the former, are raised perpendicularly when the 
Insect is at rest. The antennz are sometimes terminated by a glo- 
buliform inflation or little club, and are sometimes almost of equal 
thickness throughout, or even more slender, and form a hooked point 
at the extremity. : 
This family comprises the genus 
Parino Lin. 
The larvee always have sixteen feet. The Chrysalides are almost 
always naked, are attached by the tail, and most commonly angular. 
The perfect Insect, always provided with a proboscis or trunk, flies 
during the day only, and the colours which ornament the under part 
of the wings do not yield in beauty to those which decorate their 
superior surface. 
We will divide these Insects into. two sections. 
Those of the first have but a single pair of spurs or spines to their 
tibize, which are found on their posterior extremity. Their four 
wings are raised perpendicularly when at rest. Their antenne are 
sometimes inflated at the extremity, globuliform, or in a little club 
truncated and rounded at the summit, and sometimes almost filiform. 
This section includes the genus Pariio and the Hesperi& rurt- 
col@ of the system of Fabricius. 
We may divide this section, extremely rich in species, in the 
following manner. 
1, Those in which the third joint of the inferior palpi is sometimes 
almost wanting, and sometimes very distinct, but as well furnished 
with scales as the preceding one, and in which the hooks of the tarsi 
are very apparent or salient. 
Their caterpillars are elongated and almost cylindrical. Their 
chrysalides are almost always angular, sometimes smooth, but en- 
closed in a rude coccon. 
Of these, there are some—the Hexapoda—in which all the feet 
are adapted for walking, and are almost identical in both sexes *. 
Their chrysalis, in addition to the ordinary posterior attachment, is 
fixed by a silken thread over its body. That of some is enclosed in a 
rude cocoon. The central cell of the lower wing is closed inferiorly +. 
* The Papilios properly so called, or those belonging to the Linnean division of 
the Equites, are connected by one extremity of the series with the mottled Danaides, 
and by the other with the Parnassii. From the latter we pass to Thais, and thence 
to Pieris. The preceding Danaides connect themselves with the Heliconii. From 
this it follows that we should begin the series of the diurnal Lepidoptera with the 
Tetrapoda such as Satyrus, Pavonia, Morpho and Nymphalis, in order to reach the 
Heliconii through Argynnis and Cethosia. The Diurne would be divided into two 
great sections; those whose chrysalids are suspended vertically, and simply at- 
tached by the extremity of their tail, and those where they are not only fixed by 
that extremity, but also by a silken band surrounding the body like a sling. The 
first are always tetrapodous. We would begin with those of which the caterpillars 
are naked or nearly so, and generally bifid at the posterior extremity; then would 
come those where they are spinous. 
+ I employed this character in my Gener. Crust. et Insect; Dalman and Godart 
haye generalized its application in relation to this family, 
