CORALLIFERI. 445 
the substance resembles horn. The thick and soft bark falls more 
easily than that of the preceding ones *. 
M. Lamouroux also distinguishes from Isis proper, 
Mopsea, 
Where the bark is thinner and more durable f. 
Maprepora, Lin. 
£) 
The stony portion ef Madrepores is either ramous, or forms rounded 
mosses, or leaves, but is always furnished with Jamellee, which unite 
concentrically in points where they represent stars, or which termi- 
nate in lines more or less serpentine. While alive, this stony portion 
is covered with a living bark, soft, gelatinous, and completely 
covered with rosettes of tentacula which are the Polypi, or rather 
the Actiniz, for they usually have several circles of tentacula and the 
lamelle of the stars correspond in some respects to the membranous 
laminz of the body of the Actinia. ‘The bark and Polypi contract 
on the slightest touch. 
The diversity of their general form, and of the figures which re- 
sult from the combination of their lamelle, has given rise to various 
subdivisions, several of which however re-enter others. It will be 
impossible to establish them definitively until the relation of the 
Polypi with those forms are known. 
When there is but a single star, circular or in an elongated line, 
with very numerous lamine, we have the Funera, Lam.t The ani- 
mal exactly represents a single Actinia, with large and numerous 
tentacula, and of which the mouth corresponds to the depressed part 
in which all the lamine terminate. 
Stony corals with a single star, that appear to have been perfectly 
free from adhesion, are found among fossils, and constitute the 
Tursinouia, Lam.§, Cyciorirnus ||, and TuRBINOLOpPsIs, Lamou- 
roux 4. 
When the Madrepore is ramous, and the stars are confined to the 
extremity of each branch, it becomes the Caryopuytua, Lam. The 
branches are striated. At each star is a mouth surrounded with nu- 
merous tentacula **, 
* Isis hippuris, L.; Sol. and Ell., Zooph., 111; Esper, I, 1;—Js. elongata, Esper, 
I, vi. 
+ Isis dichotoma, Seb., ILI, evi, 4;—Js. encrinula, Lam., or Is. verticillata, La- 
mour., Pol. Flex., XVIII, f. 2, and App. to Sol. and Ell., LXX, f. 4. 
{ Mad. fungites, L., or Fungia agariciformis, Lam., Sol. and EIll., pl. XXXVIII, 
f. 5, 6;—M. patelia, or F. patellaris, Lam., Id., Ib., 1, 2, 3, 4;—M. ‘pileus or Fung. 
linacina, Lam., Id., pl. XLV; Seb. III, cxi, 3, 5;—F. tulpa, Lam.; Seb., cxi, 6, 
and exii, 31. 
§ Mad. tarbinata, L.; Am. Ac., I, iv, 1, 2, 3, '7;—Turb. crispe, Lamour, App. to 
Sol. and Ell., LXXIV, f. 14—17;—T. cristata, Ib., f. 18, 21;—Z" 
. compressa, Ib., 
22, 23. 
|| Mad. porpita, L., Am. Ac. I, iv, 5; Cycl. elliptica, Guett., Mem., III, xxi, 
Tefqultsys 
§{ Turbinolopsis ocracea Lamour., App. Sol. and Ell., pl. LXXXUI, f. 4, &e. 
** Madr. cyathus, Sol. and Ell., XXVIII, f. 7 poet calicularis, Ga DEES Th epl. 
xvi;—WM, fasiculata, Sol. and Ell., XXX;—M, flexuosa, Sol. and Ell., XXXII, 1;— 
