10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 
1,100 cards bearing titles, descriptions of contents, etc., 
of writings pertaining to the Pueblos were completed. 
Knowledge of the Pueblo Indians commenced with the 
year 1539, and these people have been the subject of so 
much attention by early Spanish explorers and mission- 
aries, as well as by ethnologists and others, in recent years, 
that the literature has become voluminous and widely seat- 
tered. The need of a guide to this array of material has 
been greatly felt by students, and for this reason Mr. 
Hodge has prepared notes on the subject for a number of 
years with the view of their final elaboration in the form 
of a bibliography. 
Late in August Mr. Hodge proceeded to New Mexico, 
and after a brief visit to the archeological sites in the 
Rito de Los Frijoles, northwest of Santa Fe, where ex- 
cavations were conducted in conjunction with the School 
of American Archeology in 1911, continued to El Morro, 
or Inscription Rock, about 35 miles east of Zuni, for the 
purpose of making facsimile reproductions, or squeezes, 
of the Spanish inscriptions there, which have such an im- 
portant bearing on the early history of the Pueblo tribes. 
El Morro is a picturesque eminence of sandstone rising 
from the sandy valley, and by reason of the former exist- 
ence of a spring at its base, which is now merely a seep, 
it became an important camping place of the early 
Spaniards on their journeys to and from the Rio Grande 
and. the Zui and Hopi pueblos. The inscriptions of 
these early explorers were carved near the base of the 
rock, chiefly on the northern and southern sides of the 
highest portion of the mesa, and in the main consist of 
the names of the visitors with the dates of their visits, 
but in a number of cases elaborated with a more or less 
full statement of the object of the journey. 
The earliest of the inscriptions is that of Juan de Ofnate, 
the colonizer of New Mexico and founder of the city of 
Santa Fe, who inscribed his name and the object of his 
visit in 1606, on his return from a perilous journey to the 
Gulf of California. Others who visited the rock and left 
