GiumorE] TAXONOMIC LIST OF PLANTS 75 
Berruta papyrirera Marsh. Paper or Canoe Birch. 
Ta"pa (Dakota). ZYa"pa-hu, birch tree. Teton dialect Cha"ha sa", 
pale-bark (cha"-ha, bark; sa” pale). 
The bark, shredded fine, was bound in bundles for torches. It 
was used also as material for vessels to catch the sap from the 
trees in sugar-making time, and for various household utensils. 
FAaGACEArE 
Qurrctus macrocarPA Michx. Bur Oak. 
Uskuyecha-hu (Dakota). 
Tashka-hi. (Omaha-Ponca). 
Chashke-hu (Winnebago). 
Patki-natawawi (Pawnee) ; patki, acorn; natawawi, bearing. 
Quercus ruBrRA L. Red Oak. 
Uta (Dakota). Uta-hu, oak tree. 
Buude-hi (Omaha-Ponea). 
Nahata-pahat (Pawnee), “ red-tree” (nahata, tree; pahat, red). 
Acorns, especially of Quercus rubra, were used for food. The 
bitter and astringent properties were extracted by leaching with 
wood ashes, preferably the ashes from basswood. The bark of the 
root of any species of oak was scraped off and boiled and the de- 
coction given for bowel trouble, especially in children. 
ULMACEAE 
Uximus americana L. White Elm, American Elm. 
Pe (Dakota), “the elm”; pe cha", “elm wood”; pe chcheka, “ the 
common elm.” 
Ezho" zho" (Omaha-Ponca), “elm tree,” generic name; ezho" zho" 
ska, “ white elm” (ska, white). 
Taitsako taka (Pawnee), “ white elm” (taitsako, elm: taka, white). 
The wood was used for fuel; forked trees were used for the posts 
in building the earth lodge; sections of elm logs were used to make 
huge corn mortars, while the pestles were also made of this wood. 
Smaller mortars and pestles of this wood were made for grinding 
medicines and perfumes. All these uses applied also to the other 
species of elm. 
Uxmus tHomast Sarg. Rock Elm. 
Pe itazipa (Dakota), “bow elm” (itazipa, bow). 
Ezho zho" zi (Omaha-Ponca), “ yellow elm ” (27, yellow). 
This species and the preceding were both used for saddle trees. 
It would seem from the Dakota name that it was formerly used for 
making bows, but I have no direct information on that point. 
