i, ANTIQUITIES OF SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO  [2TH. ANN. 33 
the cliff above show that originally they were surmounted by a fourth 
story. The great piles of fallen masonry indicate that the entire 
building was two or more stories in height and probably contained 
us many as 80 rooms. Because of the great quantity of accumulated 
débris, the determination of the features of the building and the 
relation of its parts was too great a task for the expedition to under- 
take because of its limited funds. 
The deflectors in two of the six kivas examined are constructed 
of poles 1 to 2 inches in diameter set into the floor and bound to- 
gether with willows. These are heavily coated with plaster. Nor- 
denskidld writes as follows:+ 
As far as I could ascertain by a hurried investigation, the ruins in Johnson 
Canon differ in no essential respect from the other cliff dwellings on the Mesa 
Verde. Estufas are present in all the larger ruins and preserve in all respects 
the ordinary type. I observed one single exception which affected only an un- 
important detail. In one estufa the low wall . . . consisted not of stone, 
as is usually the case, but of thick stakes driven into the ground close to each 
other and fastened at the top with osiers. On the side nearest to the hearth 
this wooden screen was covered with a thick layer of mortar, probably to protect 
the timber from the heat. 
It is probable that Nordenskidld refers to one of the kivas in this 
ruin. The deflector in Kiva K, Cliff Palace, is constructed in the 
same manner.” 
The ruin had been thoroughly ransacked by relic hunters many 
years before it was visited by the author. Although practically every 
nook and cranny had been pried into, a few good finds were made. 
At the southern end a kiva is built in between large bowlders, which 
have broken away from the cliff above. On top of one of the pilasters 
and scattered over the débris beneath were many fragments of a 
large water jar. The floor was cleared in an effort to find enough 
sherds to make possible a restoration (pl. 41, @). When tapped with 
a shovel handle the south half of the floor sounded hollow. The 
plaster when broken through was found to be resting upon a mass of 
dry grass and twigs. Evidently refuse had been thrown into the 
south side of the room to bring the floor up to the level necessitated 
by the presence of a shelving rock on the north. From the trash were 
recovered six sandals, a quiver, several jar rests, a wooden hoop with 
a netlike attachment, some fragments of a most excellent basket, 
and about 2 quarts of corn, the germs of which had not been destroyed 
by mice or weevils. 
“A square room was perched on the top of a large bowlder west of 
the kiva. Hidden beneath the floor in the northwest corner were two 
large coil-ware ollas (pl. 39). Over the tops of both were thin stone 
slabs and across the neck of one corncobs had been placed, the ends 
1Op. cit:, p. 70. 
2Fewkes, Bull. 51, Bur. Amer. Ethn., p. 57. 
