OF THE BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY. XLIII 
makes judicious comparisons between the people observed and 
the eastern division of the same race, including the Eskimo of 
Greenland, and also between all the American divisions and 
those of Siberia. These comparisons were made possible by 
his extensive reading and by his study of former collections 
deposited in the United States National Museum. 
The ample illustrations of the text, 428 in number, are nearly 
all sketched or photographed from the articles brought to Wash- 
ington by the expedition, and show in connection with them 
the numbers attached to those articles as now deposited and 
displayed in the National Museum. Thus the opportunity for 
verification and for further examination is proffered. The 
topics discussed are so many and varied that they can not be 
recapitulated here with advantage. An examination of the 
table of contents will be more satisfactory and useful. Such 
examination will invite the study of the paper, which will 
prove to be a compendium of all that is noteworthy about a 
body of peculiar people who have lately been included among 
the inhabitants of the United States. 
THE MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE, BY JOHN G. BOURKE, CAP- 
TAIN THIRD CAVALRY, U.S. ARMY. 
Notwithstanding the length of time, nearly three centuries, 
during which Europeans have been in contact with the Indian 
tribes of North America, wholly erroneous ideas of their the- 
ology have prevailed and are still entertained. The popular 
conception of their religious belief, which has been ascribed to 
all the tribes of the continent, is that it was substantially mono- 
theistic, a grade of theology connected with the higher civil- 
izations and never appearing in the stages of savagery or bar- 
barism, beyond which no Indian tribe had advanced at the 
European discovery of America. Captain Bourke recognizes 
this fact, and believes that the misconception has been disas- 
trous in its influence upon the national treatment of the Indian 
tribes. The special influence to be considered and combated 
is that of the ‘‘ medicine-man,” a title for which that of shaman 
might have been substituted with advantage. The form of 
