MURDOCH. } CROOKED KNIVES. ] 59 
knives, projecting beyond the end of the haft. This knife has a blade 
of iron riveted on with two iron rivets to a haft of reindeer antler. The 
edges of the haft close to the blade are roughened with crosscuts to 
prevent slipping. 
The blades of the small knives are frequently inserted into a cleft in 
the edge of the haft, as in Fig. 115), 89632 [827], and 89277 [1172]. The 
blade, in such cases, is secured by wedging it tightly, with sometimes the 
addition of a lashing of thong through a hole in the haft and round the 
heel of the blade. The blade is usually of steel, in most cases a bit of 
Fig. 115.—Small crooked knives 
a saw and the haft of reindeer antler, generally plain, unless the cireular 
hollows, such as are to be seen on No. 89277 [1172], which are very com- 
mon, are intended for ornament. Fig. 116, No, 89275 [1183], from Ut- 
kiavwin, is a rather peculiar knife. The haft, which is the only one 
seen of walrus ivory, is nearly straight, and the unusually long point 
of the blade is strongly bent up. The rivets are of copper. This knife, 
the history of which we did not obtain, was very likely meant both for 
wood and ivory. It is old and rusty and has been long in use. 
Fic. 116.—Crooked knite. 
All of the crooked knives in the collection are genuine implements 
which have been actually in use, and do not differ in type from the 
crooked knives in the Museum from the Mackenzie district, Kotzebue 
Sound, and other parts of Alaska. Similar knives appear to be used 
among the Siberian Eskimo and the Chukches, who have adopted their 
habits. Hooper (Tents, ete., p. 175), mentions “a small knife with a 
bent blade and a handle, generally made of the tip of a deer’s horn,” as 
one in general use at Plover Bay, and handled in the same skillful way 
