MURDOCH. ] COMPOSITE ADZES. 169 
it and a shallow socket on the face to receive the end of the haft. Adz 
heads of this same type continued in use till after the introduction of 
iron, which was at first utilized by inserting a flat blade of iron into 
just such a body, as is shown in Fig. 134 (No. 89877 [752], from the cem- 
etery at Utkiavwin). 
From this type to that shown in Fig. 135 (No. 89876 [696] brought 
by the natives from the ruins on the Kulugrua) the transition is easy. 
Suppose, for the greater protection of the lashings, we inclose the chan- 
nels on the sides of the head —in 
other words, bore holesinstead of cut- 
ting grooves—we have exactly this 
pattern, namely, verticaleyeson each 
side of the head joined by transverse 
channels on the upper face. The 
specimen figured has on each side two 
oblong slots with a round eye be. 
tween them. The blade is of iron, 
Fig. 136, No, 56640 [260] has two eyes 
on each side, and shows a different 
method of attaching the blade, which 
is countersunk flush with the upper 
bates surface of the body and secured with 
Wig. 135—Adz-head of three SLCASES BEB Ss Le MEXOSHEY Fig. 136.—Adz-head of 
with verticaleyes. | iS to Substitute horizontal eyes for the ee a ee 
vertical ones, so as to have only one : 
set of holes to thread the lashings through. This is seen in No. 89869 
[878], Fig. 137, from Nuwik, which in generai pattern closely resembles 
No. 89876 [696], but has three large horizontal eyes instead of the ver- 
tical ones. The blade is of iron and the haft of whale’s bone. The 
lashing is essentially the same as that of the modern adz, No. 56638 
[309]. 
Fic. 137.—Hafted bone and iron adz. 
That this final type of hafting was reached before stone had gone 
out of use for such implements is shown by Fig. 158, No. 89839 [769], 
from Utkiaywit, which, while very like the last in shape, has a blade 
