170 THE POINT BARROW ESKIMO. 
of hard, dark purple slate. The haft is of reindeer antler. The lash- 
ing has the short end knotted to the long part after making the first 
round, instead of being slit to receive the latter. Otherwise it is of 
the usual pattern. These composite adzes of bone and stone or iron 
seemed to have been common at the end of the period when stone was 
exclusively used and when iron first came into use in small quantities, 
and a good many have been preserved until the present day. We 
obtained four hafted and six unhafted specimens, besides seven jade 
blades for such composite adzes, which are easily recognizable by 
Fig. 138.—Hafted bone and stone adz. 
their small size and their shape. They are usually broad and rather 
thin, and narrowed to the butt, as is seen in Fig. 139, No. 56685 [71], a 
beautiful little adz of bright green jade 2-8 inches long and 2-5 wide, 
from Utkiaywin. No. 56670 [246] also from Utkiaywin, is a similar 
blade of greenish jade slightly larger, 
being 3-4 inches long and 2 inches wide. 
No. 89670 [1092] is a tiny blade of hard, 
fine-grained black stone, probably oil- 
soaked jade, only 1:7 inches long and 1:5 
wide. Itisverysmoothly ground. Such 
little adzes, we were told, were especially 
used for cutting bone. The implement,! 
which Nordenskj6ld calls a “stone 
chisel,” found in the ruins of an old Es- 
kimo house at Cape North, isevidently the 
head of one of these little bone adzes, as is 
plainly seen on comparing this figure with the larger adzes figured above. 
IT have figured two more composite adzes, which are quite different 
from the rest. No. 89838 [1109], Fig. 140, has a blade of neatly flaked 
eray flint, but this as well as the unusually straight haft is newly 
Fic. 139.—Small adz-blade of green jade. 
' Figured in the Voyage of the Vega, vol. 1, p. 444, Fig. 1. 
