MURDOCH.) ARROWS. 203 
No stone arrow or dart heads made by these people have anything 
like barbs except the square shoulders at the base. They seem never 
to have attained to the skill in flint-working which 
enabled many other savages to make the beautiful 
barbed heads so often seen. To keep the flint-headed 
arrow from dropping out of the wound they hit upon. 
the contrivance of mounting it not directly in the stele & 
but in a piece of bone upon which barbs could be cut, \ 
or, as is not unlikely, having already the deer arrow 
with the barbed head of antler, they added the flint 
head to this, thus combining the penetration of the 
flint arrow with the holding power of the other. I yy¢. 15._treart-shaped 
was at first inclined to think that this piece of bone flint pile. 
bore the same relation to the rest of the arrow as the fore shaft of 
many Indian arrows, and was to be considered as part of the stele. 
Considering, however, that its sole function is to furnish the pile with 
barbs, it evidently must be considered as part of the latter. I shall 
designate it as “after-pile.” Arrows with this barbed “after-pile” form 
Fig. 186.—Arrows: (a) Arrow with ‘after-pile” (ipudligadlin); (6) arrow with iron pile (savidlit; 
(c) arrow with iron pile (savidlin); (d) arrow with copper pile (savidlin); (e) deer-arrow (nfitkodlin). 
.the second kind of bear arrows, which are called ipudli/gadlin (“having 
the ipu’dlige” [Gr. ipuligak, the similar bone head of a seal lance with 
iron tip]). After the introduction of iron, metal piles sometimes re- 
placed the flint in arrows of this kind. We collected eight with flint 
and two with metal piles. No. 72787 [234a], Fig. 186a, has been selected 
to illustrate this form of arrow. This pile is of gray flint with the tang 
wedged by a slip of sealskin into the tip of the after-pile, which is 
cleft to receive it and kept from splitting by a whipping of sinew. 
The after-pile is fitted into the tip of the stele with a rounded sharp- 
pointed tang, slightly enlarged just above the tip. It is of reindeer 
