206 THE POINT BARROW ESKIMO. 
edge has three little barbs about the middle of the pile. This was the 
only arrowhead of the kind seen at Point Barrow, and the native who 
sold it said it was a “ Kthmid/lin” arrow. I was pleased to find the 
truth of this corroborated by the Museum collection. There are two 
arrows from the Mackenzie region (Nos. 1106 and 1906) with bone piles 
of almost the same form. 
For shooting gulls, geese, and other large fowl they used an arrow 
with astraight polygonal pile of walrus ivory, 5 or 6 inches long and about 
one-half inch in diameter, terminating in a somewhat obtuse polygonal 
point, and having one or more unilateral barbs. These piles are gener- 
ally five-sided, though sometimes trihedral, and have a long, rounded 
tang inserted into the end of the shaft. Fig. 189a@ (No. 89349 [119] 
from Utkiavwin), represents one of these arrows with a 
five-sided pile 5-5 inches long, with four simple barbs. 
The rest of the arrow does not differ from the others de- 
seribed. No. 89238 [25], from Nuwitk, has a trihedral pile 
6-6 inches long, with a single barb. Another from Nuwtk 
(No, 89241 {25]) has a trihedral pile 5:3 inches long, with 
two barbs, and one from Utkiavwin (No, 59241 {119]) has 
a five-sided pile with three barbs. The remaining three, 
from Sidaru, all have five-sided piles with one barb. 
Arrows of this pattern are called tuga/lin (from tu’ga, 
walrus ivory). There are also in the collection two small 
arrows of this pattern suited for a boy’s bow. They are 
only 25 inches long, and have roughly trihedral sharp- 
pointed ivory piles about 4 inches long, without barbs. 
(No. 899044 [786] from Utkiavwin). These arrows are new 
and rather carelessly made, and were intended for the 
lad’s bow (No. 89904 [786]) already deseribed. The three 
kinds of arrows which have been described all have the 
pile secured to the stele by a tang fitting into a cleft or 
hole in the end of the latter, which is kept from splitting 
by whipping it with sinew for about one-half inch. 
The fourth kind, the blunt bird arrow (ki/xodwain), on 
the other hand, has the pile cleft to receive the wedge- 
shaped tip of the stele and secured by a whipping of sinew. 
ne eee The four arrows of this kind in the collection are almost 
(tugalin); (b) exactly alike, except that three of them, belonging to the 
pena (kix- set from Sidaru, have three feathers. Fig. 189b, No. 72775 
(254¢| from Sidaru represents the form of arrow. The pile 
is of hard bone 2°3 inches long. <A little rim at each side of the butt 
keeps the whipping of sinew from slipping off. The rest of the arrow 
differs from the others described only in having the end of the stele 
chamfered down to a wedge-shaped point to fit into the pile. 
This is the kind of arrow mostly used by the boys, whose game is 
almost exclusively small birds or lemmings. Nowadays the bone pile 
a b 
