MURDOCH.) SEAL HARPOONS. Dae 
foreshaft and ice pick are lashed in with sinew braid, which is first 
knotted round the tip of the shaft and then hitched round with 
a series of left-handed soldier’s hitches. The end of the thong 
which holds the loose shaft is passed through the hole in it and 
knotted and the other end hitched into the pulley at the smallest 
part of the foreshaft. The head is like that of the preceding, 
but has a conoidal body of reindeer antler, a common material 
for seal-harpoon heads, and the line, which is of stout sinew braid 
43 feet long, is attached to it simply by 
passing the end through the line hole 
and tying it with a clove hitch to the 
standing part 94 inches from the head. 
This spear is about the same size as the 
preceding. These weapons are all of 
the same general pattern, but vary in 
length according to the height of the 
owner. The heads for these harpoons, 
as well as for the other form of seal har- 
poon, are usually about 3 inches long, 
and, as a rule, have lanceolate blades. 
The body is generally conoidal, often 
made of reindeer antler, and always, 
apparently, with a double barb. It is 
Fig. 226.—Jade blade for seal generally plain, but sometimes orna- 
harpoon. mented like the walrus-harpoon heads. 
No. 89784 [1008] was made by Ilt’bw’ga, the Nunatanmeun, 
when thinking of coming to winter at Utkiavwin. He had 
had no experience in sealing, having apparently spent all his 
winters on the rivers inland, and this harpoon head seems to 
have been condemned as unsatisfactory by his new friends at 
Utkiavwin. It looks like a very tolerable naula, but is unu- 
sually small, being only 24 inches long. 
We saw only one stone blade for a seal harpoon, No. 89623 
[1418], Fig. 226. This is of light olive green jade, and trian- 
gular, with peculiarly dull edges and point. Each face is con- 
eaved, and there is a hole for a rivet. (Compare the jade- 
bladed harpoon figured by Nordenski6éld and referred to above.) 
It is 2 inches long and 0-7 inch wide at the base. It appears 
to have been kept as an amulet. The other form of seal har- 
poon comes properly under the next head. 
“SuLsniy} Loy Wwoodsrey [REGS—"LZZ “HLL 
Fs sn es aNd anes fe ene 
THRUSTING WEAPONS. 
Harpoons.—For the capture of seals as they come up for air 
to their breathing holes or cracks in the ice a harpoon is used 
which has a short wooden shaft, armed, as before, with an ice 
pick and a long, slender, loose shaft suited for thrusting down through: 
